Metode akting, yang dikenal sebagai Metode, adalah serangkaian teknik latihan, seperti yang diformulasikan oleh sejumlah praktisi teater yang berbeda, yang berusaha untuk mendorong pertunjukan yang tulus dan ekspresif melalui identifikasi, pemahaman, dan pengalaman motivasi dan emosi batin karakter.[1][2] Teknik-teknik ini dibangun di atas sistem Stanislavski, yang dikembangkan oleh aktor dan sutradara Rusia Konstantin Stanislavski dan tertuang dalam buku-bukunya An Actor Prepares, Building a Character, dan Creating a Role.[3]
Di antara mereka yang berkontribusi pada pengembangan Metode ini, tiga guru dikaitkan dengan "telah menetapkan standar keberhasilannya", masing-masing menekankan aspek pendekatan yang berbeda: Lee Strasberg (aspek psikologis), Stella Adler (aspek sosiologis), dan Sanford Meisner (aspek perilaku).[5] Pendekatan ini pertama kali dikembangkan ketika mereka bekerja sama di Group Theatre di New York dan kemudian di Actors Studio.[3] Aktor metode terkenal termasuk Marlon Brando, Anne Bancroft, James Dean, Al Pacino, Robert De Niro, Jared Leto, Heath Ledger, Tom Hardy, Joaquin Phoenix, Shia LaBeouf, Anne Hathaway, Hilary Swank, Jeremy Strong, Jodie Comer, Cillian Murphy, Dustin Hoffman, Jake Gyllenhaal, Meryl Streep, Daniel Day-Lewis, Matthew McConaughey, Christian Bale, Jon Bernthal, Edward Norton, dan Mammootty.[6]
Lihat pula
suntingCatatan
sunting- ^ "Method Acting". Cambridge Dictionary. Cambridge University Press.
- ^ "Method acting". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal March 4, 2021.
- ^ a b Krasner (2000b, 130).
- ^ Blum (1984, 63) and Hayward (1996, 216).
- ^ Krasner (2000b, 129).
- ^ Aritra Dey (July 3, 2022). "10 Famous Method Actors of Hollywood". The Cinemaholic.
Sumber umum dan sumber yang dikutip
suntingSumber utama
sunting- Adler, Stella. 2000. The Art of Acting. Ed. Howard Kissel. New York: Applause. ISBN 978-1-55783-373-0.
- Adler, Stella. 1990. The Technique of Acting. New York: Bantam. ISBN 978-0-553-34932-0.
- Hagen, Uta and Haskel Frankel. 1973. Respect for Acting. New York: Macmillan. ISBN 0-02-547390-5.
- Hagen, Uta. 1991. A Challenge for the Actor. New York: Scribner. ISBN 0-684-19040-0.
- Meisner, Sanford, and Dennis Longwell. 1987. Sanford Meisner on Acting. New York: Vintage. ISBN 978-0-394-75059-0.
- Stanislavski, Konstantin. 1936. An Actor Prepares. London: Methuen, 1988. ISBN 0-413-46190-4.
- Stanislavski, Konstantin. 1938. An Actor's Work: A Student's Diary. Trans. and ed. Jean Benedetti. London and New York: Routledge, 2008. ISBN 0-415-42223-X.
- Stanislavski, Konstantin. 1957. An Actor's Work on a Role. Trans. and ed. Jean Benedetti. London and New York: Routledge, 2010. ISBN 0-415-46129-4.
- Strasberg, Lee. 1965. Strasberg at the Actors Studio: Tape-Recorded Sessions. Ed. Robert H. Hethmon. New York: Theater Communications Group.
- Strasberg, Lee. 1987. A Dream of Passion: The Development of the Method. Ed. Evangeline Morphos. New York: Plume, 1988. ISBN 978-0-452-26198-3.
- Strasberg, Lee. 2010. The Lee Strasberg Notes. Ed. Lola Cohen. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-55186-1.
Sumber sekunder
sunting- Abramson, Leslie H. 2015. Hitchcock and the Anxiety of Authorship.. New York: Palgrave. ISBN 978-1-137-30970-9.
- Banham, Martin, ed. 1998. The Cambridge Guide to Theatre. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. ISBN 0-521-43437-8.
- Benedetti, Jean. 1989. Stanislavski: An Introduction. Revised edition. Original edition published in 1982. London: Methuen. ISBN 0-413-50030-6.
- Benedetti, Jean. 1998. Stanislavski and the Actor. London: Methuen. ISBN 0-413-71160-9.
- Benedetti, Jean. 1999a. Stanislavski: His Life and Art. Revised edition. Original edition published in 1988. London: Methuen. ISBN 0-413-52520-1.
- Benedetti, Jean. 1999b. "Stanislavsky and the Moscow Art Theatre, 1898–1938". In Leach and Borovsky (1999, 254–277).
- Blum, Richard A. 1984. American Film Acting: The Stanislavski Heritage. Studies in Cinema 28. Ann Arbor, MI: UMI Press.
- Braun, Edward. 1982. "Stanislavsky and Chekhov". The Director and the Stage: From Naturalism to Grotowski. London: Methuen. ISBN 0-413-46300-1. p. 59–76.
- Carnicke, Sharon M. 1998. Stanislavsky in Focus. Russian Theatre Archive Ser. London: Harwood Academic Publishers. ISBN 90-5755-070-9.
- Carnicke, Sharon M. 2000. "Stanislavsky's System: Pathways for the Actor". In Hodge (2000, 11–36).
- Carnicke, Sharon M. 2009. Stanislavsky in Focus: An Acting Master for the Twenty-First Century. 2nd ed. of Carnicke (1998). Routledge Theatre Classics. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-77497-0.
- Counsell, Colin. 1996. Signs of Performance: An Introduction to Twentieth-Century Theatre. London and New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-10643-5.
- Daily Telegraph, The. 2013. "The Method Madness of Daniel Day-Lewis". The Daily Telegraph 23 January 2013. Web. Accessed 13 August 2016.
- Encyclopædia Britannica. 2013. "Stella Adler (American Actress)". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Web. 27 October 2011.
- Flom, Eric L. 2009. Silent Film Stars on the Stages of Seattle: A History of Performances by Hollywood Notables. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-3908-9.
- French, Philip. 2008. "Philip French's Screen Legends: Charles Laughton". The Guardian. 21 September 2008. Web. Accessed 31 August 2016.
- Gallagher-Ross, Jacob. 2018. "Theaters of the Everyday". Evanston: Northwestern University Press.ISBN 978-0810136663.
- Golub, Spencer. 1998. "Stanislavsky, Konstantin (Sergeevich)". In Banham (1998, 1032–1033).
- Gordon, Marc. 2000. "Salvaging Strasberg at the Fin de Siècle". In Krasner (2000, 43–60).
- Gordon, Robert. 2006. The Purpose of Playing: Modern Acting Theories in Perspective. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P. ISBN 0-472-06887-3.
- Gussow, Mel. 1982. "Obituary: Lee Strasberg of Actors Studio Dead". The New York Times 18 February 1982. Web. Accessed 4 March 2014.
- Hayward, Susan. 1996. Key Concepts in Cinema Studies. Key Concepts ser. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-10719-8.
- Hodge, Alison, ed. 2000. Twentieth-Century Actor Training. London and New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-19452-0.
- Hull, S. Loraine. 1985. Strasberg's Method as Taught by Lorrie Hull. Woodbridge, CN: Ox Bow. ISBN 0-918024-39-0.
- Innes, Christopher, ed. 2000. A Sourcebook on Naturalist Theatre. London and New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-15229-1.
- Kase, Larina. 2011. Clients, Clients, and More Clients!: Create an Endless Stream of New Business with the Power of Psychology. New York: McGraw–Hill. ISBN 0-07-177100-X.
- Krasner, David, ed. 2000a. Method Acting Reconsidered: Theory, Practice, Future. New York: St. Martin's P. ISBN 978-0-312-22309-0.
- Krasner, David. 2000b. "Strasberg, Adler, Meisner: Method Acting". In Hodge (2000, 129–150).
- Leach, Robert. 2004. Makers of Modern Theatre: An Introduction. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-31241-8.
- Leach, Robert, and Victor Borovsky, eds. 1999. A History of Russian Theatre. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. ISBN 0-521-43220-0.
- Lewis, Robert. 2003. Slings and Arrows: Theater in My Life. New York: Hal Leonard Corporation. ISBN 1-55783-244-7.
- Magarshack, David. 1950. Stanislavsky: A Life. London and Boston: Faber, 1986. ISBN 0-571-13791-1.
- Milling, Jane, and Graham Ley. 2001. Modern Theories of Performance: From Stanislavski to Boal. Basingstoke, Hampshire and New York: Palgrave. ISBN 0-333-77542-2.
- Roach, Joseph R. 1985. The Player's Passion: Studies in the Science of Acting. Theater:Theory/Text/Performance Ser. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P. ISBN 0-472-08244-2.
- Skog, Jason. 2010. Acting: A Practical Guide to Pursuing the Art. Mankato, MN: Compass Point. ISBN 978-0-7565-4364-8.
- Toporkov, Vasily Osipovich. 2001. Stanislavski in Rehearsal: The Final Years. Trans. Jean Benedetti. London: Methuen. ISBN 0-413-75720-X.
- Whyman, Rose. 2008. The Stanislavsky System of Acting: Legacy and Influence in Modern Performance. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. ISBN 978-0-521-88696-3.
