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2025ๅนด8ๆœˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบž็คบๅจๆ˜ฏไธ€็ณปๅˆ—ๅๆ”ฟๅบœๆŠ—่ญฐๆดปๅ‹•๏ผŒๆ–ผ2025ๅนด8ๆœˆ25ๆ—ฅๅœจๅฐๅฐผ้›…ๅŠ ้”้–‹ๅง‹๏ผŒๅปถ็บŒไบ†2025ๅนดๅˆไปฅไพ†ๅ› ็ถ“ๆฟŸๅ›ฐๅขƒๅ’Œๅœ‹ๆฐ‘่ปๆ“ดๆฌŠ่€Œๅผ•็™ผ็š„ๆŠ—่ญฐ้‹ๅ‹•ใ€‚็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•็š„็›ดๆŽฅ่ตทๅ› ๆ˜ฏไบบๆฐ‘ไปฃ่กจๆœƒ่ญฐ๏ผˆๅœ‹ๆœƒ๏ผ‰่ญฐๅ“ก่ชฟๅ‡ๆˆฟๅฑ‹ๆดฅ่ฒผ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšSubsidized housing๏ผ‰๏ผŒ8ๆœˆ28ๆ—ฅ็ถฒ่ทฏๆ‘ฉๆ‰˜่ปŠๅธๆฉŸ้˜ฟๅ‡กยทๅบซๅฐผไบž่ฌ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผšAffan Kurniawan๏ผ‰่ขซไธ€่ผ›ๆฉŸๅ‹•้ƒจ้šŠ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšMobile Brigade Corps๏ผ‰่ญฆ็”จๆˆฐ่ก“่ปŠ่ผ›ๆ’žๆญปๅพŒ๏ผŒ็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ๆ€ฅๅŠ‡ๅ‡็ดšไธฆ่”“ๅปถ่‡ณๅ…จๅœ‹ใ€‚่ญฆๆ–น็š„้Žฎๅฃ“่กŒๅ‹•่ขซ่ฆ–็‚บ้ŽๅบฆๆšดๅŠ›๏ผŒ้€ฒไธ€ๆญฅๆฟ€ๅŒ–ไบ†ๆฐ‘็œพ็š„ไธๆปฟใ€‚

2025ๅนด8ๆœˆๅฐๅฐผ็คบๅจ
2025ๅนดๅฐๅฐผๆŠ—่ญฐ้‹ๅ‹•็š„ไธ€้ƒจๅˆ†
ๅทฆไธŠ่ตท้€†ๆ—ถ้’ˆๆ–นๅ‘๏ผš
ๆ—ฅๆœŸ2025ๅนด8ๆœˆ25ๆ—ฅย (2025-08-25) -- ่‡ณไปŠ
ๅœฐ้ปž
ๅฐๅฐผ๏ผŒไปฅๅŠ้ฆฌไพ†่ฅฟไบžใ€ๅพทๅœ‹ๅ’Œๆพณๆดฒ็š„่ฒๆด็คบๅจ[1][2]
่ตทๅ› 
็›ฎๆจ™
ๆ–นๆณ•
็‹€ๆณ้€ฒ่กŒไธญ
่ฎ“ๆญฅ
  • ไบ”ๅๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“ก่ขซๅœ่ท[a]
  • ่ฉ•ไผฐๅœ‹ๆœƒๆดฅ่ฒผ่ชฟๆผฒๆกˆ[3]
  • ็‰ฝๆถ‰้˜ฟๅ‡กยทๅบซๅฐผไบž่ฌ่ฌ€ๆฎบๆกˆ็š„่ญฆๅฏŸๅฐˆๅ“กCosmas Kaju Gaeไธๆฆฎ่ญฝ้€€ไผ
่ก็ชๆ–น

็คบๅจ่€…
๏ผˆ็„ก็ตฑไธ€้ ˜ๅฐŽ๏ผ‰

ๆ”ฟๅบœ

้ ˜ๅฐŽไบบ็‰ฉ

็„ก็ตฑไธ€้ ˜ๅฐŽ

ๅ‚ทไบก
ๆญปไบก10ไบบ[7]
ๅ—ๅ‚ท1,042ไบบ[7]
้€ฎๆ•3,337ไบบ[7]

ๆœ€ๅˆ๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…่ฆๆฑ‚ๅœ‹ๆœƒๆ’คๅ›ž่ชฟๅ‡ๆดฅ่ฒผ็š„่จˆๅŠƒ๏ผŒๆ‡ฒ่™•็™ผ่กจๅ†ทๆผ ่จ€่ซ–็š„่ญฐๅ“ก๏ผŒไธฆ้€š้Žใ€Š่ณ‡็”ขๆฒ’ๆ”ถๆณ•ใ€‹๏ผŒๆ‡ฒ่™•่ฒชๆฑก็ฝชๆˆ็š„๏ผˆๅ‰๏ผ‰่ญฐๅ“ก[8]ใ€‚้˜ฟๅ‡ก้€ไธ–ๅพŒ๏ผŒไปฅๅญธ็”Ÿ็‚บ้ฆ–็š„็คบๅจ่€…ๆ“ดๅคง่จดๆฑ‚๏ผŒ่ฆๆฑ‚่ญฆๅฏŸ็ธฝ้•ท๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšChief of the Indonesian National Police๏ผ‰้‡Œๆ–ฏ็‰น็บฆยทๅธŒๅ‰็‰นยทๆ™ฎๆ‹‰ๅšๆฒƒ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšListyo Sigit Prabowo๏ผ‰ไธ‹ๅฐ๏ผŒไปฅๅŠๅฐๅฐๅฐผๅœ‹ๅฎถ่ญฆๅฏŸ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšIndonesian National Police๏ผ‰้€ฒ่กŒๅ…จ้ขใ€ๅพนๅบ•็š„ๆ”น้ฉ[9]ใ€‚

้›…ๅŠ ้”ไปฅๅค–็š„ๅŸŽๅธ‚ไนŸ็™ผ็”Ÿไบ†็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…ๅฐ้˜ฟๅ‡กยทๅบซๅฐผไบž่ฌ็š„ๆญปไบก่กจ็คบๆ†คๆ€’๏ผŒไธฆๅขžๅŠ ไบ†ๅœฐๅŸŸ่จดๆฑ‚๏ผŒไพ‹ๅฆ‚ๆ›ดๅ…ฌๅนณ็š„็™ผๅฑ•ไปฅๅŠ้‡‹ๆ”พ่ขซๅœฐๆ–น่ญฆๅฏŸๆ‹˜็•™็š„็คบๅจ่€…ใ€‚ๅœจๆœ›ๅŠ ้Œซๅ’Œๆณ—ๆฐด็ญ‰ๆ•ธๅบงๅŸŽๅธ‚๏ผŒๅคšๅบงๆ”ฟๅบœๅปบ็ฏ‰็‰ฉ่ขซ็ธฑ็ซ็‡’ๆฏ€ใ€‚[10][11] ๆญคๅค–๏ผŒ้ƒจๅˆ†ๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“กใ€้ƒจ้•ทๅŠ็›ธ้—œไบบๅฃซ็š„ไฝๆ‰€ไนŸ้ญๅˆฐๆถๆŽ ใ€‚[12]

่ƒŒๆ™ฏ

็ผ–่พ‘
8ๆœˆ15ๆ—ฅไบบๆฐ‘ๅ”ๅ•†ๆœƒ่ญฐๅนดๅบฆๅคงๆœƒไผ‘ๆœƒๆœŸ้–“๏ผŒๅคšๅๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“ก่ผ‰ๆญŒ่ผ‰่ˆž๏ผŒๆญคๆ™‚ๆญฃๅ€ผ็ถ“ๆฟŸๅ›ฐ้›ฃๆ™‚ๆœŸ๏ผŒๆ•…ๆญค่ˆ‰ๅ—ๅˆฐ็ถฒๆฐ‘็š„ๅผท็ƒˆๆ‰น่ฉ•[13]

็คบๅจ็š„็›ดๆŽฅ่ตทๅ› ๆ˜ฏ่ชฟ้ซ˜ไบบๆฐ‘ๅ”ๅ•†ๆœƒ่ญฐ๏ผˆไบบๅ”๏ผŒๅ…ฉ้™ขๅ…จ้ซ”ๆœƒ่ญฐ๏ผ‰่ญฐๅ“กๆˆฟๅฑ‹ๆดฅ่ฒผ็š„ๆ–นๆกˆ๏ผŒ่ฉฒๆดฅ่ฒผๅœจ2024ๅนดๅผ•ๅ…ฅ๏ผŒๆŒ‰็…งๅปบ่ญฐ๏ผŒๆดฅ่ฒผๆฐดๅนณๅฐ‡ๅขžๅŠ ๅˆฐ5000่ฌๅฐๅฐผ็›พ๏ผŒๅนพไนŽๆ˜ฏ้›…ๅŠ ้”ๆœ€ไฝŽๅทฅ่ณ‡็š„ๅๅ€โ€”โ€”้›…ๅŠ ้”็š„ๆœ€ไฝŽๅทฅ่ณ‡ๆฐดๅนณๅทฒ็‚บๅ…จๅœ‹ๆœ€้ซ˜๏ผŒ้€™ๅผ•่ตทไบ†ๅ…ฌ็œพ็š„ๆ†คๆ€’[14][15]ใ€‚ๆ“šใ€ŠBBCๅฐๅฐผใ€‹ๅ ฑๅฐŽ็ตฑ่จˆ๏ผŒๅŠ ไธŠๅบ•่–ช๏ผŒๅฎถๅฑฌใ€่†ณ้ฃŸ็ญ‰ๆดฅ่ฒผ๏ผŒ็จ…ๅ‹™ๆธ›ๅ…ๅ’Œ้…ฌ้‡‘ๅพŒ๏ผŒไบบๆฐ‘ไปฃ่กจๆœƒ่ญฐ๏ผˆๅœ‹ๆœƒ๏ผŒไธ‹่ญฐ้™ข๏ผ‰่ญฐๅ“ก็š„ๅฏฆๅพ—ๆœˆ่–ชๅฐ‡่ถ…้Ž1ๅ„„็›พ[16]ใ€‚้žๆ”ฟๅบœ็ต„็น”ๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบž้ ็ฎ—้€ๆ˜Žๅบฆ่ซ–ๅฃ‡๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผšForum Indonesia untuk Transparansi Anggaran๏ผ‰ๆชข่จŽ2023โ€”2025ๅนดๅœ‹ๆœƒ้ ็ฎ—ๅŸท่กŒๆธ…ๅ–ฎ๏ผˆDaftar Isian Pelaksanaan Anggaran, DIPA๏ผ‰ๅพŒ๏ผŒๆŽจ็ฎ—ๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“ก็š„ๅฏฆๅพ—ๆœˆ่–ชๅฏ้”2.3ๅ„„็›พ๏ผŒๆŒ‡ๅ‡บๅœจ2025ๅนดๅบฆ๏ผŒๆ”ฟๅบœ้ ็•™็ตฆๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“ก็š„้–‹ๆ”ฏ็‚บ1.6ๅ…†็›พ๏ผŒ้ซ˜ๆ–ผ2023ๅนด1.2ๅ…†็›พๅ’Œ2024ๅนด1.19ๅ…†็›พ๏ผŒๅŒๆ™‚ๆ‰น่ฉ•่ญฐๅ“ก่–ช้…ฌๅทฒ้ ้ซ˜ๆ–ผไธ€่ˆฌๅทฅไบบ็š„ๅทฅ่ณ‡๏ผŒ่€Œๆ–ฐๆŽชๆ–ฝๅœจ่ฒกๆ”ฟไธŠไธ่ฒ ่ฒฌไปป๏ผŒไนŸๅ’Œๆ”ฟๅบœ็š„็ทŠ็ธฎๆŽชๆ–ฝ่‡ช็›ธ็Ÿ›็›พ[17][18]ใ€‚ๅ‰ๆ†ฒๆณ•ๆณ•้™ข๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšConstitutional Court of Indonesia๏ผ‰้™ข้•ทใ€ๆ”ฟๆฒปๆณ•ๅพ‹ๅฎ‰ๅ…จ็ปŸ็ญน้ƒจ้•ฟ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšCoordinating Ministry for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs๏ผ‰้ฆฌ็ฆๅพทๅ‰‡ๅœจๆ’ญๅฎข็ฏ€็›ฎไธญๆ˜Ž่จ€๏ผŒๆ“šไป–ไบ†่งฃ๏ผŒๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“ก็š„ๅฏฆๅพ—ๆœˆ่–ช็‚บๆ•ธๅๅ„„็›พ๏ผŒ้ ่ถ…้Ž2.3ๅ„„็›พ็š„ไผฐ่จˆ[19]ใ€‚

่ˆ‡ๆญคๅŒๆ™‚๏ผŒๅฐๅฐผๆญฃ้™ทๅ…ฅ็ถ“ๆฟŸๅ›ฐๅขƒ๏ผŒ่ฒงๅฏŒๆ‡ธๆฎŠๅšด้‡๏ผŒไธ€ๆ–น้ข็ฒพ่‹ฑ้šŽๅฑคไน˜ๅ่ฟๅŠจๅž‹ๅคš็”จ้€”่ฝฆๅ‰ๅพ€้ซ˜ๆช”ๅ•†ๅ ด่ณผ็‰ฉ๏ผŒๅฆไธ€ๆ–น้ขๅ…ถไป–ไน˜ๅ้›ปๅ–ฎ่ปŠ้€šๅ‹ค็š„ไบบๅฃซๅ—ๅˆฐ็ฉบๆฐฃๆฑกๆŸ“ๅ’Œไบค้€šๆ“ ๅกž็š„ๅ›ฐๆ“พใ€‚ๅฐๅฐผ็š„ไธญ็”ข้šŽ็ดšๆญฃๅœจ่Ž็ธฎ๏ผŒ็ดก็น”ๆฅญ็ญ‰่กŒๆฅญๅ‡บ็พ่ฃๅ“กๆฝฎ๏ผŒ้’ๅฐ‘ๅนดๅคฑๆฅญ็Ž‡ไนŸไธŠๅ‡ๅˆฐ16%๏ผŒ่จฑๅคšๅคงๅญธๆ‡‰ๅฑ†็•ขๆฅญ็”Ÿๅœจๆฑ‚่ทๆ–น้ข้‡ๅˆฐๅ›ฐ้›ฃใ€‚้ฃŸ็‰ฉๅƒนๆ ผใ€ๆ•™่‚ฒ่ฒป็”จ็š„ไธŠๅ‡๏ผŒไปฅๅŠๅœฐๆ–นๆ”ฟๅบœ่ฟซๆ–ผๅนดๅˆๆ”ฟๅบœๆŽจๅ‡บ็š„็ทŠ็ธฎๆŽชๆ–ฝ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšPresidential Instruction Number 1 of 2025๏ผ‰๏ผŒ่ชฟ้ซ˜ๆˆฟ็”ข็จ…็š„ๆ”ฟ็ญ–ไนŸๅŠ ๆทฑไบ†ๆฐ‘็œพๅฐ็ถ“ๆฟŸ็พ็‹€็š„ไธๆปฟ[14][20]ใ€‚็ถฒๆฐ‘่ช็‚บ้ƒจๅˆ†ๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“ก็š„่จ€่ซ–้บปๆœจไธไป๏ผŒๆผ ่ฆ–ไธ€่ˆฌๆฐ‘็œพ็š„็–พ่‹ฆ๏ผŒๅŠ ๅŠ‡ๅ…ฌ็œพๆ—ฅ็›Šๅขž้•ท็š„ๆ€’็ซ๏ผŒไพ‹ๅฆ‚ๅœจ8ๆœˆ15ๆ—ฅไบบๅ”ๅฌ้–‹ๅนดๅบฆๅคงๆœƒๆœŸ้–“๏ผŒ้ƒจๅˆ†ๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“ก่ผ‰ๆญŒ่ผ‰่ˆž็š„่กจ็พๅ—ๅˆฐ็ถฒๆฐ‘็š„ๆ‰น่ฉ•๏ผ›้ƒจๅˆ†่ญฐๅ“กๅฐไธŠ่ฟฐ่ญฐ้กŒ็š„่ฉ•่ซ–ไนŸ้กฏๅพ—ๅๅˆ†ๅ‚ฒๆ…ขโ€”โ€”้ฌฅ็ˆญๆดพๆฐ‘ไธป้ปจ่ญฐๅ“กๅพท่ฟชยท่ฅฟๆ‰˜้ญฏๆ–ฏ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผšDeddy Sitorus๏ผ‰่ช็‚บๆฏ”่ผƒ่ญฐๅ“กๅ’ŒไบบๅŠ›่ปŠๅธๆฉŸใ€ๆ™ฎ้€šๅทฅไบบ็š„่™•ๅขƒๆ˜ฏใ€Œ้‚่ผฏ่ฌฌ่ชคใ€๏ผŒๅœ‹ๆฐ‘ๆฐ‘ไธป้ปจ่ญฐๅ“กใ€ๅœ‹ๆœƒ็ฌฌไธ‰ๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒๅ‰ฏไธปๅธญ่‰พๅ“ˆ้‚ๅพทยท่–ฉ่ตซ็พ…ๅฐผๅฝขๅฎนๅ‘ผ็ฑฒ่งฃๆ•ฃๅœ‹ๆœƒ็š„ไบบๆ˜ฏใ€Œๅ…จไธ–็•Œๆœ€ๆ„š่ ข็š„ไบบใ€๏ผŒ่–ฉ่ตซ็พ…ๅฐผ็š„้ปจๅ‹็ดๆณ•ยท็ƒ็ˆพๅทด่ตซ่ช็‚บๆœ‰ๅฟ…่ฆ่ชฟ้ซ˜ๆˆฟๅฑ‹ๆดฅ่ฒผ๏ผŒไปคไป–ๅ€‘ๆœ‰่ƒฝๅŠ›็งŸไฝ้›ขๅฒ็ดๅปถ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผšSenayan, Kebayoran Baru๏ผ‰๏ผˆๅœ‹ๆœƒๆ‰€ๅœจๅœฐ๏ผ‰ๆ›ด่ฟ‘็š„ๆˆฟๅฑ‹๏ผŒๅ…ๅ—ไบค้€šๆ“ ๅกž็š„ๅ›ฐๆ“พ[b]๏ผŒ่€Œๅœจไบบๅ”ๅนดๅบฆๅคงๆœƒไธŠ่ตท่ˆž็š„ๅœ‹ๆฐ‘ไฝฟๅ‘ฝ้ปจ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšNational Mandate Party๏ผ‰่ญฐๅ“กๅŸƒ็ง‘ยทๅธ•็‰น้‡Œ็ด„๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผšEko Patrio๏ผ‰ๅ‰‡ๅœจ็คพไบคๅช’้ซ”ไธŠ่ผ‰ไธ€ๆฎตๆจกไปฟๅ”ฑ็‰‡้จŽๅธซๆ‰“ๆญŒ็š„็Ÿญ็‰‡๏ผŒ่ขซ่ช็‚บๆ˜ฏๅœจๅ˜ฒ็ฌ‘้—œๆณจๆดฅ่ฒผ่ญฐ้กŒ็š„ๅ…ฌ็œพ[21][22]ใ€‚

ๆ™‚้–“่ปธ

็ผ–่พ‘

8ๆœˆ25ๆ—ฅ

็ผ–่พ‘

2025ๅนด8ๆœˆ25ๆ—ฅ๏ผŒ็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•่”“ๅปถ่‡ณๅŒ—่˜‡้–€็ญ”่‡˜็œๆฃ‰่˜ญใ€‚ๆ•ธๅƒๅๅญธ็”Ÿใ€ๅทฅไบบๅŠ็ถฒ็ด„่ปŠๅธๆฉŸๅŠ ๅ…ฅ็คบๅจ๏ผŒ่ฆๆฑ‚ไธญๅคฎๆ”ฟๅบœๆ’ค้Šทๆ–ฐ็š„็จ…ๆ”ถๆ”ฟ็ญ–ใ€‚็•ถ่ญฆๅฏŸๅฐ้Ž–้€šๅพ€ๅŒ—่˜‡้–€็ญ”่‡˜็œ่ญฐๆœƒๅคงๆจ“็š„ไธป่ฆ้€š้“ๆ™‚๏ผŒ็คบๅจๆผ”่ฎŠ็‚บๆšดๅŠ›่ก็ชใ€‚็คบๅจ่€…ไปฅ็„š็‡’่ผช่ƒŽๅ’Œ่จญ็ฝฎ่ทฏ้šœไฝœ็‚บๅ›žๆ‡‰ใ€‚ๅฎ‰ๅ…จ้ƒจ้šŠ้ƒจ็ฝฒไบ†้˜ฒๆšดๅ–ฎไฝ๏ผŒๅฐŽ่‡ด้›™ๆ–นๆ•ธๅไบบๅ—ๅ‚ทใ€‚[23]

8ๆœˆ27ๆ—ฅ

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8ๆœˆ27ๆ—ฅ๏ผŒๅœจไธนๆˆŽๅธƒๆ‹‰ๅคงๅญธๅญธ็”Ÿๆœƒ็š„ๆŒ‡ๆฎไธ‹๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…่ก้€ฒ่ฅฟๅŠ ้‡Œๆ›ผไธน็œ่ญฐๆœƒ๏ผŒ่กจ้”ๅฐๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“กๆดฅ่ฒผๅขžๅŠ ็š„ๅๅฐใ€‚็œ่ญฆไปฅๆŠตๆŠ—ๅŠ็ ดๅฃžๅ…ฌๅ…ฑ่ฒก็”ข็‚บ็”ฑ้€ฎๆ•ไบ†ๅไบ”ๅ็คบๅจ่€…ใ€‚่ขซๆ•็š„็คบๅจ่€…ๅœจ็ฐฝ็ฝฒๆ‰ฟ่ซพไธๅ†้‡่นˆ่ฆ†่ฝ็š„่ฒๆ˜ŽๅพŒ๏ผŒๆ–ผๅ…ฉๅคฉๅพŒ็ฒ้‡‹ใ€‚[24]

8ๆœˆ28ๆ—ฅ

็ผ–่พ‘
ไธนๆ‹ฟๆœ›๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšTanah Abang๏ผ‰้Žฎไธ‹ๅฃฉ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšBendungan Hilir, Tanah Abang๏ผ‰็š„็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•

8ๆœˆ28ๆ—ฅ๏ผŒๆ•ธๅƒๅ็คบๅจ่€…๏ผŒไธป่ฆ็‚บๅญธ็”Ÿใ€ๆ”ฟๆฒปๆดปๅ‹•ๅฎถๅŠๅทฅๆœƒๆˆๅ“ก๏ผŒๅœจ้›…ๅŠ ้”่ญฐๆœƒๅคงๅปˆๅค–่ˆ‡่ญฆๆ–น็™ผ็”Ÿ่ก็ชใ€‚[25] ่ฉฒ็คบๅจ็”ฑๅ…จๅฐๅฐผๅทฅๆœƒ่ฏๅˆๆœƒ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšConfederation of All Indonesian Workers' Union๏ผ‰ๅ’Œๅทฅ้ปจ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšLabour Party (Indonesia, 2021)๏ผ‰็ญ‰ๅ‹žๅทฅๅœ˜้ซ”้ ˜ๅฐŽ๏ผŒ่ตทๅˆ็š„ๅ…ญๅคง่จดๆฑ‚ๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌ็ต‚ๆญขๅค–ๅŒ…ใ€ๆ้ซ˜ๆœ€ไฝŽๅทฅ่ณ‡ใ€ๅœๆญขๅคง่ฆๆจก่ฃๅ“กๅŠๆ”น้ฉๅ‹žๅ‹•็จ…ๅˆถใ€‚[26] ้›–็„ถๅ‹žๅทฅ็คบๅจๆœ€ๅˆๅ’Œๅนณ็ตๆŸ๏ผŒไฝ†้šจๅพŒ็”ฑๅญธ็”Ÿ็™ผ่ตท็š„็คบๅจๅปๅ‡็ดš็‚บๆšดๅŠ›่ก็ชใ€‚[26]

ๅœจๅญธ็”Ÿ่ฉฆๅœ–ๆ”€็ˆฌๅœ‹ๆœƒๅœๆฌ„ไธฆๅ‘ๅปบ็ฏ‰็‰ฉๆŠ•ๆ“ฒ็‰ฉๅ“ๅพŒ๏ผŒ็ทŠๅผตๅฑ€ๅ‹ขๅŠ ๅŠ‡๏ผŒไฟƒไฝฟ่ญฆๆ–น้ƒจ็ฝฒๅ‚ฌๆณช็“ฆๆ–ฏๅ’Œ้ซ˜ๅฃ“ๆฐด็‚ฎใ€‚่ก็ชๅพžๅœ‹ๆœƒๅคงๅปˆ่”“ๅปถ่‡ณ้™„่ฟ‘็š„่ณผ็‰ฉๅ€๏ผŒไธฆๆ“ดๆ•ฃๅˆฐไธ€ๆขไธป่ฆ้ซ˜้€Ÿๅ…ฌ่ทฏๅ’Œ้ต่ทฏ็ทš๏ผŒๅฐŽ่‡ดๅ…ฌๅ…ฑไบค้€šไธญๆ–ท๏ผŒ็ด…็‰Œ็ซ™๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšPalmerah railway station๏ผ‰ๅ’Œไธนๆ‹ฟๆœ›็ซ™๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšTanah Abang railway station๏ผ‰่ขซ่ฟซ้—œ้–‰ใ€‚่ญฆๆ–น่ขซ็›ฎๆ“Šๅœจๅฒ็ดๅปถๅปฃๅ ด๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšPlaza Senayan๏ผ‰ๅ’Œๅฒ็ดๅปถๅŸŽ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšSenayan City๏ผ‰ๅ•†ๅ ดๅ‰้€ฎๆ•ไธ€ๅๅญธ็”Ÿ๏ผŒๆญค่ˆ‰้ญๅˆฐๅ•†ๅ ด้กงๅฎข็š„ๅผท็ƒˆ่ญด่ฒฌ๏ผŒ่ฉฒๅๅญธ็”ŸๅพŒไพ†ๅœจๅทฒๆžถ่จญ้ต็ตฒ็ถฒ็š„ๅฒ็ดๅปถๅŸŽๅ•†ๅ ด่ขซๅ•†ๅ ด้กพๅฎขๅ’Œไฟๅฎ‰ไบบๅ“กๆ•‘ๅ‡บใ€‚[25]

ๅœจ้›…ๅŠ ้”ไปฅๅค–๏ผŒๅ“ฅๅ€ซๆ‰“ๆด›ใ€[27] ๆณ—ๆฐดใ€่ฏ—้ƒฝ้˜ฟไฝ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšSidoarjo Regency๏ผ‰ใ€ๆƒน็ญ[28]ๅŠๆฃ‰่˜ญไนŸ็™ผ็”Ÿไบ†ๆœ‰้กžไผผ่จดๆฑ‚็š„็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ใ€‚[29] ๅœจ็ญ้”ไบž้ฝŠ๏ผŒๅ‹žๅทฅไปฃ่กจ่ˆ‡็œๆ”ฟๅบœๅฎ˜ๅ“กๆœƒ้ข๏ผŒ่ฆๆฑ‚ๆ้ซ˜ๆœ€ไฝŽๅทฅ่ณ‡ใ€ๅปข้™คๅค–ๅŒ…ๅˆถๅบฆ๏ผŒไธฆๆˆ็ซ‹ๅฐˆ่ฒฌๅฐ็ต„่™•็†ๅ–ฎๆ–น้ข่ฃๅ“กๅ•้กŒใ€‚[30]

ๅ…ฌๆฐ‘็ต„็น”LokataruๅŸบ้‡‘ๆœƒไผฐ่จˆ๏ผŒๅœจๅฐๅฐผๅ„ๅœฐ็š„็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ไธญ๏ผŒ่‡ณๅฐ‘ๆœ‰600ๅๅญธ็”Ÿ่ขซๆ•ใ€‚ๆ“šใ€Šๆ™‚ไปฃ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšTempo๏ผ‰ใ€‹้›œ่ชŒๅ ฑๅฐŽ๏ผŒๅœจ้›…ๅŠ ้”่ขซๆ•็š„ๅญธ็”Ÿ่ขซ่ฆๆฑ‚่นฒ่ตฐไบ”็ฑณ๏ผŒ็„ถๅพŒๆ‰็ฒ็™ผ้ฃฏ็›’ใ€‚่ญฆๆ–นๆ‰ฟ่ซพ๏ผŒ่ขซๆ•็š„ๅญธ็”Ÿๅฐ‡ๆŽฅๅ—่ผ”ๅฐŽๅ’Œ็›ฃ็ฃใ€‚[31] ๅœจ่Œ‚็‰ฉ๏ผŒ่ญฆๆ–นๆ””ๆˆชไบ†ๅ…ฑ197ๅๆญฃๆบ–ๅ‚™ๅ‰ๅพ€้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅƒๅŠ ็คบๅจ็š„ๅญธ็”Ÿใ€‚ๆ“š่ญฆๆ–น็จฑ๏ผŒ้€™ไบ›ๅญธ็”Ÿๆ˜ฏ้€้Žไธ€ๅ€‹WhatsApp็พค็ต„ๅ‹•ๅ“กๅ’Œๅ”่ชฟ็š„๏ผŒ่ฉฒ็พค็ต„่ฆๆฑ‚ๆฏไบบๆ”ฏไป˜1่ฌ็›พไปฅ่ณผ่ฒทๅ™ดๆผ†ใ€‚[32][33] ไธ€ๅฐ็”ฑ้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅปฃๆ’ญๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒ็™ผๅ‡บ็š„ไฟกๅ‡ฝ๏ผŒๆ•ฆไฟƒไธป่ฆๅช’้ซ”้™ๅˆถๅฐ็คบๅจ็š„ๅ ฑๅฐŽ๏ผŒๅผ•็™ผไบ†ๆ•ธๅๅช’้ซ”ไบบ็š„ๆ‰น่ฉ•[34]ใ€‚่ฉฒๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒไธปๅธญๅพŒไพ†ๅฆ่ช็™ผๅ‡บๆญคไฟกๅ‡ฝ[35][36]๏ผŒ้€š่จŠ่ˆ‡ๆ•ธไฝ้ƒจ้•ท็ฉ†่’‚ไบšยทๅ“ˆ่ฒๅพท๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšMeutia Hafid๏ผ‰ไนŸ่ญ‰ๅฏฆไบ†้€™ไธ€้ปžใ€‚[37] ็คพ็พคๅช’้ซ”่ง€ๅฏŸๅฎถFarhan NuzhadiwansyahๆŒ‡ๅ‡บ๏ผŒไธ€ๆžถๆ“š็จฑๅฑฌๆ–ผๅœ‹ๅฎถ็ฝๅฎณ็ฎก็†ๅฑ€็š„่ณฝๆ–ฏ็ด้ฃ›ๆฉŸๅœจ้›…ๅŠ ้”ไธŠ็ฉบ็›คๆ—‹ใ€‚่ฉฒ้ฃ›ๆฉŸ่ขซๆŒ‡ๆŽง็”จๆ–ผ้€้Žไบบๅทฅ้™้›จ่ฃฝ้€ ๅคง้›จไปฅ้˜ปๆญข้€ฒไธ€ๆญฅ็š„็คบๅจใ€‚่ฉฒ็ฝฒ็ฝฒ้•ท่˜‡ๅ“ˆ้‡Œๅปถๆ‰˜ๅฆ่ชไบ†้€™ไธ€ๆŒ‡ๆŽง๏ผŒไธฆ่กจ็คบๆฐฃ่ฑกใ€ๆฐฃๅ€™ๅŠๅœฐ็ƒ็‰ฉ็†ๅฑ€ๅทฒ้ ๅ…ˆ้ ๆธฌๆœƒๆœ‰ๅคง้›จใ€‚[38]

8ๆœˆ28ๆ—ฅ็š„ๅ‹žๅทฅ็คบๅจๅฐŽ่‡ดๆ”ฟๅบœๅŒๆ„ๆˆ็ซ‹ไธ€ๅ€‹ๅฐˆ่ฒฌๅฐ็ต„ไปฅ่™•็†ๅคง่ฆๆจก่ฃๅ“กๅ•้กŒ๏ผŒไธฆๆˆ็ซ‹ไธ€ๅ€‹ๅ็‚บใ€Œๅ‹žๅทฅ็ฆๅˆฉๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒใ€็š„ๆ”ฟๅบœๆฉŸๆง‹ใ€‚[39] ็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ๆœ€ๅˆๅนณๆฏไธ‹ไพ†๏ผŒ็›ดๅˆฐๆทฑๅคœ็ถฒ็ด„่ปŠๅธๆฉŸ้˜ฟๅ‡กยทๅบซๅฐผไบž่ฌ้‡้›ฃ็š„ๆถˆๆฏๅ’Œ็•ซ้ขๅ…ฌ้–‹็‚บๆญขใ€‚

้˜ฟๅ‡กยทๅบซๅฐผไบž่ฌๆญปไบกไบ‹ไปถ

็ผ–่พ‘
้˜ฟๅ‡กยทๅบซๅฐผไบž่ฌๆญปไบกไบ‹ไปถ
2025ๅนดๅฐๅฐผๆŠ—่ญฐ้‹ๅ‹•็š„ไธ€้ƒจๅˆ†
ย 
ย 
ไฝ็ฝฎๅฐๅฐผไธญ้›…ๅŠ ้”ไธนๆ‹ฟๆœ›๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšTanah Abang๏ผ‰้Žฎไธ‹ๅฃฉ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšBendungan Hilir, Tanah Abang๏ผ‰็€ๅ“ฒๅฐผๆผขไธ€่ทฏ
ๅๆ ‡6ยฐ12โ€ฒ6โ€ณS 106ยฐ48โ€ฒ27โ€ณE๏ปฟ / ๏ปฟ6.20167ยฐS 106.80750ยฐE๏ปฟ / -6.20167; 106.80750
ๆ—ฅๆœŸ2025ๅนด8ๆœˆ28ๆ—ฅ
ๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“็บฆ19:00โ€”20:30 (UTC+7)
้กžๅž‹่“„ๆ„็ขฐๆ’ž็š„่ฌ€ๆฎบ๏ผˆ่ปŠ่ผ›ๆฎบไบบ๏ผ‰๏ผŒ่ญฆๅฏŸๆšดๅŠ›
่ขซๅฎณไบบ้˜ฟๅ‡กยทๅบซๅฐผไบž่ฌ
ไธป่ฌ€
7ๅๆฉŸๅ‹•้ƒจ้šŠ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšMobile Brigade Corps๏ผ‰ๆˆๅ“ก[40]

8ๆœˆ28ๆ—ฅๆ™š๏ผŒๅœจๅœ‹ๆœƒๅคงๆจ“ๅ‰้€—็•™็š„็คบๅจ่€…่ขซๆบ–่ปไบ‹ๅŒ–็š„่ญฆๅฏŸๆฉŸๅ‹•้ƒจ้šŠ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšMobile Brigade Corps๏ผ‰็”จๅ‚ฌๆณช็“ฆๆ–ฏๅ’Œๆฉก่† ๅญๅฝˆ้ฉ…ๆ•ฃๅพŒ๏ผŒๆ’ค้€€่‡ณ็€็“Š่“ฌๅฎ‰๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšPejompongan๏ผ‰ๅœฐๅ€็š„ๆ˜‚็ง‘ๆ‹‰ๅŸบ็ฃๆ–ฐๆ•™ๆ•™ๆœƒ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšAngkola Protestant Christian Church๏ผ‰ใ€‚ๅœจๆททไบ‚ไธญ๏ผŒไธ€่ผ›ๆฉŸๅ‹•ๆ—…็š„Rimueng 4x4่ฃ็”ฒ่ปŠ่ก้Ž็คบๅจไบบ็พค๏ผŒๆ’žๆญปไบ†ไธ€ๅ21ๆญฒ็š„ๆ‘ฉๆ‰˜่ปŠๅธๆฉŸ้˜ฟๅ‡กยทๅบซๅฐผไบž่ฌ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผšAffan Kurniawan๏ผ‰ใ€‚[41][42][43] ๅœจ็คพ็พคๅช’้ซ”ไธŠๆตๅ‚ณ็š„ๅ„ๅ€‹่ง’ๅบฆ็š„ๅฝฑ็‰‡้กฏ็คบ๏ผŒ่ฉฒๆˆฐ่ก“่ฃ็”ฒ่ปŠๅœจๆ’žๅˆฐ้˜ฟๅ‡กๅพŒๅœไธ‹๏ผŒไฝ†ๅœจ่ขซ่ฉฆๅœ–ๆ•ฒๆ‰“ๅ’ŒๆŠ•ๆ“ฒ็ŸณๅกŠ็š„ไบบ็พคๅŒ…ๅœๅพŒ๏ผŒๅˆ็นผ็บŒ่กŒ้ง›๏ผŒ่ผพ้Žไบ†้˜ฟๅ‡กใ€‚้˜ฟๅ‡ก้šจๅณ่ขซ้€ๅพ€ๅ‰ๅคšยท่Š’ๆธฉๅค่‹่ŽซๅŒป็”ŸๅŒป้™ข๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšDr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital๏ผ‰ๆ•‘ๆฒป๏ผŒไฝ†ไธไน…ๅพŒ่บซไบกใ€‚[44][45] ไบ‹็™ผๅพŒ๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…ๅœจๅก่จๅธƒๅ…ฐๅก่ก—็š„ๅคฉๆฉ‹ไธŠ่ฟฝ่ถ•ๆฉŸๅ‹•ๆ—…็š„ๆˆฐ่ก“่ฃ็”ฒ่ปŠใ€‚[46] ็คบๅจ่€…ๅพˆๅฟซๅŒ…ๅœไบ†ไฝๆ–ผไธญ้›…ๅŠ ้”ๆก‚ๅฝ“๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšKwitang๏ผ‰็š„ๆฉŸๅ‹•้ƒจ้šŠ็ธฝ้ƒจใ€‚

้™คไบ†้˜ฟๅ‡กยทๅบซๅฐผไบž่ฌ๏ผŒๆ“šๅ ฑๅฐŽ้‚„ๆœ‰ๅฆไธ€ๅๅซ็ฉ†็ฝ•้ป˜ๅพทยท็ƒ็‘ชยท้˜ฟ็‘ช้ญฏไธ็š„ไบบไนŸ้ญ้‡ไบ†้กžไผผๆƒ…ๆณ๏ผŒไป–ไนŸๆ˜ฏไธ€ๅ่ˆ‡Grabๅˆไฝœ็š„็ถฒ็ด„่ปŠๅธๆฉŸใ€‚[47][48][49] ็ƒ็‘ชๅ—ไบ†้‡ๅ‚ท๏ผŒๆœ€ๅˆๆœ‰ๅ ฑๅฐŽ็จฑไป–ๅทฒๆญปไบก๏ผŒไฝ†ๆญคๆถˆๆฏๆœ€็ต‚่ขซ่ญ‰ๅฏฆ็‚บไธๆญฃ็ขบใ€‚ๆˆช่‡ณ2025ๅนด8ๆœˆ29ๆ—ฅๆธ…ๆ™จ๏ผŒ็ƒ็‘ชๆ„่ญ˜ๆธ…้†’๏ผŒไฝ†ๅ‚ทๅ‹ขๅšด้‡๏ผŒๆญฃๅœจ่ฅฟ้›…ๅŠ ้”็ด…็‰Œ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšPalmerah๏ผ‰ๅœ‹ๅฎถ่ˆช้‹้†ซ้™ข๏ผˆRumah Sakit Pelni๏ผ‰ๆŽฅๅ—ๆทฑๅˆ‡ๆฒป็™‚ใ€‚[50] ๆ•ธๅฎถๅช’้ซ”ๅ ฑๅฐŽ๏ผŒ็ƒ็‘ชๅ’Œ้˜ฟๅ‡กๅœจไบ‹็™ผๆ™‚ๅ‡ๆœชๅƒ่ˆ‡็คบๅจ๏ผŒ่€Œๆ˜ฏ็ขฐๅทง่บซ่™•ๅ…ถไธญใ€‚

้˜ฟๅ‡ก็š„ๆญปๅผ•็™ผไบ†็ถฒ่ทฏๆ‘ฉๆ‰˜่ปŠๅธๆฉŸ็คพ็พคไปฅๅŠๆ›ดๅปฃๆณ›ๅ…ฌ็œพ็š„ๅผท็ƒˆๅๆ‡‰๏ผŒไป–ๅ€‘ๅฐไป–็š„ๆญป่กจ็คบๅ“€ๆ‚ผ๏ผŒๅŒๆ™‚ๅฐๆฉŸๅ‹•้ƒจ้šŠ่กจ้”ไบ†ๅšดๅŽฒ็š„ๆ‰น่ฉ•ๅ’Œๆ†คๆจใ€‚ไป–็š„่‘ฌ็ฆฎๆ–ผ8ๆœˆ29ๆ—ฅๅœจๅกๅ‹’็‰นๆฏ”็“ฆๅ…‹ๅ…ฌๅข“๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšKaret Bivak Cemetery๏ผ‰่ˆ‰่กŒ๏ผŒ่จฑๅคšๆ‘ฉๆ‰˜่ปŠๅธๆฉŸ่ญท้€๏ผŒไปฅ็คบๆ•ฌๆ„ๅ’Œๅœ˜็ตใ€‚่‘ฌ็ฆฎๆœ‰ๅคšไฝ็Ÿฅๅไบบๅฃซๅ‡บๅธญ๏ผŒๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌๅ‰้›…ๅŠ ้”็œ้•ท้˜ฟๅฐผๆ–ฏยทๅทดๆ–ฏๅจไธนใ€้›…ๅŠ ้”้ƒฝๆœƒๅ€่ญฆๅฏŸๅฑ€้•ท้˜ฟๅกžๆ™ฎยทๅŸƒ่ฟชยท่˜‡่ตซ้‡Œ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผšAsep Edi Suheri๏ผ‰ๅ’Œไผๆฅญๅฎถๅ„ช็ด ็ฆยทๅ“ˆๅง†ๅก๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผšJusuf Hamka๏ผ‰[51][52][53]ใ€‚้˜ฟๅกžๆ™ฎ็š„ๅ‡บๅธญๅฐคๅ…ถๅผ•็™ผไบ†ๅ…ถไป–็ถฒ็ด„ๆ‘ฉๆ‰˜่ปŠๅธๆฉŸ็š„ๅผท็ƒˆๆ†คๆ€’๏ผŒไป–ๅ€‘้ซ˜ๅ–Šใ€Œๅ…‡ๆ‰‹ใ€ๅ’Œใ€Œๆ•ตไบบใ€๏ผŒไธฆๅœจไป–้›ข้–‹ๅข“ๅœฐๆ™‚ๆŠ•ๆ“ฒๆฐด็“ถ๏ผŒ่ฉฆๅœ–็ช็ ดไฟๅฎ‰็›ดๆŽฅ่ˆ‡ไป–ๅฐ่ณช[54]ใ€‚ๅฐๅฐผ็ถฒๆฐ‘ไนŸๅฐๆœฌๅทฒไธๅ—ๆญก่ฟŽ็š„่ญฆๅฏŸ่กจ็คบๅคฑๆœ›๏ผŒๆจ™็ฑคใ€Œ#PolisiPembunuhRakyatใ€๏ผˆๅคง่‡ดๆ„็‚บใ€Œ#่ญฆๅฏŸๆ˜ฏไบบๆฐ‘ๆฎบๆ‰‹ใ€๏ผ‰ๅœจ24ๅฐๆ™‚ๅ…งๆˆ็‚บXๅนณๅฐ็š„็†ฑ้–€่ฉฑ้กŒ[55]ใ€‚ไป–็š„ๆญป่ขซๆฏ”ไฝœไธญๅœ‹ๅ…ญๅ››ไบ‹ไปถใ€‚[56] ่ฉฒไบ‹ไปถ่ขซ้Œ„่ฃฝๆˆๅฝฑ็‰‡ไธฆ่ฟ…้€Ÿๅ‚ณๆ’ญ๏ผŒๅผ•็™ผไบ†ๆ†คๆ€’ไธฆๅฐŽ่‡ด้€ฒไธ€ๆญฅ็š„้จทไบ‚ใ€‚ไฝœ็‚บๅ›žๆ‡‰๏ผŒไธ€็พค็คบๅจ่€…๏ผŒๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌ้˜ฟๅ‡ก็š„ๅŒ่กŒ็ถฒ็ด„ๆ‘ฉๆ‰˜่ปŠๅธๆฉŸ๏ผŒ่š้›†ๅœจ่ญฆๅฏŸๆฉŸๅ‹•ๆ—…็ธฝ้ƒจ๏ผŒ็„š็‡’ๆฑฝ่ปŠไธฆๆŠ•ๆ“ฒ็ŸณๅกŠใ€‚[57][58][59] ็•ถๆ™š๏ผŒๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบžๅœ‹ๅฎถ่ญฆๅฏŸ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšIndonesian National Police๏ผ‰ๅฐˆๆฅญ่ˆ‡ๅฎ‰ๅ…จๅธๅธ้•ท๏ผŒ็›ฃๅฏŸ้•ท้˜ฟๅœๆœๅ‹’ยทๅก้‡Œๅง†้€้œฒ๏ผŒไป–ๅ€‘ๅทฒ้€ฎๆ•ไบ†ไธƒๅๆถ‰ๅŠๅฐŽ่‡ด้˜ฟๅ‡กยทๅบซๅฐผไบž่ฌๆญปไบก็š„็ขฐๆ’žไบ‹ไปถ็š„ๆฉŸๅ‹•ๆ—…ๆˆๅ“ก[40]ใ€‚ไฝœ็‚บๅœ‹ๅฎถ่ญฆๅฏŸๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒ๏ผˆKompolnas๏ผ‰็š„ๆˆๅ“กไน‹ไธ€๏ผŒไป–ๅ‘ผ็ฑฒ่ญฆๆ–นๅœจ่™•็†้˜ฟๅ‡ก็š„ๆญปไบกไบ‹ไปถๆ™‚่ฆ้€ๆ˜Žๅ’Œๅ…ฌๆญฃ๏ผŒไธฆๅฐๆถ‰ๆกˆ่ญฆๅ“กๆ–ฝไปฅๅšดๅŽฒ็š„ๆ‡ฒ็ฝฐใ€‚[60]ใ€‚้˜ฟๅกžๆ™ฎๅพŒไพ†ๅ…ฌๅธƒไบ†้ง•้ง›ๅ“ก็š„ๅๅญ—๏ผš็ธฝ่ญฆ้•ท็พ…่ตซ็‘ช็‰น๏ผˆRohmatใ€ๅธๆฉŸ๏ผ‰ใ€่ญฆๅ‹™ๅฐˆๅ“ก็ง‘ๆ–ฏ็‘ชๆ–ฏยทๅกๆœฑ๏ผˆCosmas Kajuใ€ๅ‰ฏ้ง•๏ผ‰ใ€ๅ‰ฏไบŒ็ดš่ญฆ็ฃMยท็พ…่ตซ้›…ๅฐผ๏ผˆM. Rohyani๏ผ‰ใ€ไธ€็ดš่ญฆ้•ท้”ๅ—๏ผˆDanang๏ผ‰ใ€ไธ€็ดš่ญฆ้•ท้ฆฌไธ๏ผˆMardin๏ผ‰ใ€้ซ˜็บง่ญฆๅ“กๆŸฅ็ดยทๅŸƒ่ฟช๏ผˆJana Edi๏ผ‰ใ€้ซ˜็บง่ญฆๅ“ก็ด„็ฟฐๅฐผๆ–ฏยทๅคง่ก›๏ผˆYohanes David๏ผ‰[61]ใ€‚้€™7ไบบไธญ๏ผŒ็พ…่ตซ็‘ช็‰นๅ’Œ็ง‘ๆ–ฏ็‘ชๆ–ฏ่ขซ่ฃๅฎšๅšด้‡ๅคฑๅพท๏ผŒๅ…ถไธญ็ง‘ๆ–ฏ็‘ชๆ–ฏๆ–ผ9ๆœˆ3ๆ—ฅ่ขซๅœ‹ๅฎถ่ญฆๅฏŸ้–‹้™ค๏ผ›ๅฆๅค–5ไบบไบฆ่ขซ่ฃๅฎšไฝœๅ‡บไบ†ไธญ็ญ‰ๅšด้‡็š„ๅคฑๅพท่กŒ็‚บ[62]ใ€‚

8ๆœˆ29ๆ—ฅ

็ผ–่พ‘

็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ๆŒ็บŒ๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…ไธป่ฆไพ†่‡ชๅญธ็”Ÿๅ’Œๆ‘ฉๆ‰˜่ปŠๅธๆฉŸ๏ผŒ่ฆๆฑ‚ๅฐ้˜ฟๅ‡ก็š„ๆญปไบก่ฒ ่ฒฌใ€‚้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅ’Œๅฐๅฐผๅ…ถไป–ๅŸŽๅธ‚่จˆๅŠƒ่ˆ‰่กŒๆ–ฐ็š„็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ใ€‚ๅ…จๅฐๅฐผๅญธ็”Ÿ่ฏ็›Ÿๅ‘ผ็ฑฒ่ˆ‰่กŒๅๅฐ่ญฆๅฏŸๆšด่กŒ็š„็คบๅจ๏ผŒ่€Œ้›…ๅŠ ้”็œๆ”ฟๅบœๅ‰‡ๆ‰ฟ่ซพๅ”ๅŠฉ่™•็†้˜ฟๅ‡ก็š„่‘ฌ็ฆฎใ€‚[63]

ๅœจไธนๆ ผๆœ—๏ผŒ็•ถๅœฐ่ญฆๆ–นๅœจ็ซ่ปŠ็ซ™ๅ’Œๆ”ถ่ฒป็ซ™้€ฒ่กŒๅทก้‚๏ผŒไปฅ้˜ฒๆญข่ฉฒๅœฐๅ€็š„ๅญธ็”ŸๅŠ ๅ…ฅ็คบๅจใ€‚[64]

ๆ•ธ็™พๅๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบšๅคงๅญฆๅญธ็”ŸไปฅๅŠไพ†่‡ช้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅœฐๅ€ๅ…ถไป–ๅคงๅญธ็š„ๅญธ็”Ÿ๏ผŒๅœจๅœ‹ๅฎถ่ญฆๅฏŸ็ธฝ้ƒจๅค–่ˆ‰่กŒ็คบๅจ๏ผŒ่ฆๆฑ‚่ญฆๅฏŸ็ธฝ้•ทไธ‹ๅฐใ€‚[65] ๅœจไป–ๅ€‘ๅ‡บ็™ผๅ‰๏ผŒ่ฉฒๅคงๅญธๆ ก้•ทๅ‘ๅญธ็”Ÿๅ€‘็ฐกๅ ฑ๏ผŒ่กจ็คบๅคงๅญธใ€Œๅพžๆœชๆ‰นๅ‡†็คบๅจ๏ผŒไฝ†ๅฐŠ้‡ๆฐ‘ไธปใ€ใ€‚[66]

ๅ…จๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบžๅญธ็”Ÿๆœƒ่ฏ็›Ÿ๏ผˆAliansi Badan Eksekutif Mahasiswa Seluruh Indonesia; BEM SI๏ผ‰ไนŸ็ต„็น”ไบ†ไธ€ๅ ดๅพžFX่‹่ฟชๆ›ผ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšFX Sudirman๏ผ‰่ดญ็‰ฉไธญๅฟƒๅˆฐ้›…ๅŠ ้”้ƒฝๆœƒๅ€่ญฆๅฏŸ็ธฝ้ƒจ็š„้Š่กŒ๏ผŒๆŠ—่ญฐ็•ถๅฑ€็š„้Žฎๅฃ“่กŒๅ‹•ใ€‚[25] ้˜ฒๆšด่ญฆๅฏŸๅ†ๆฌกไฝฟ็”จๅ‚ฌๆณช็“ฆๆ–ฏ้ฉ…ๆ•ฃ่š้›†ๅœจๆฉŸๅ‹•ๆ—…็ธฝ้ƒจ็š„ไบบ็พคใ€‚็คบๅจๅฐŽ่‡ดไธป่ฆ้“่ทฏๅฐ้–‰๏ผŒ่จฑๅคšๅ…ฌๅธๆŒ‡็คบๅ“กๅทฅๅœจๅฎถๅทฅไฝœใ€‚[65]

็‚บๆ‡‰ๅฐๆฉŸๅ‹•้ƒจ้šŠ็ธฝ้ƒจๅค–็š„ๆšดๅ‹•๏ผŒ่ปๆ–น่ชฟๆดพๆตท่ป้™ธๆˆฐ้šŠ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšIndonesian Marine Corps๏ผ‰ๅ’Œ้™ธ่ปๆˆฐ็•ฅๅพŒๅ‚™้ƒจ้šŠ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšKostrad๏ผ‰ๅˆ†้š”ๅœจไบบ็พคๅ’ŒๆฉŸๅ‹•้ƒจ้šŠ็ธฝ้ƒจ๏ผŒไธฆๅฎ‰ๆ’ซ็คบๅจ่€…ใ€‚ๆตท่ป้™ธๆˆฐ้šŠๅ’Œ้™ธ่ปๆˆฐ็•ฅๅพŒๅ‚™้ƒจ้šŠๅฃซๅ…ตๅพž็คบๅจ็พๅ ด็งป่ตฐๅ…ซ่ผ›่ขซ็‡’ๆฏ€็š„่ปŠ่ผ›ใ€‚[67][68] ้™ธ่ปๆˆฐ็•ฅๅพŒๅ‚™้ƒจ้šŠๆƒ…ๅ ฑๅŠฉ็†็ฉ†็ฝ•้ป˜ๅพทยท็ดๆ–ฏๅ‡†ๅฐ‡ๅพŒไพ†่ˆ‡ๆ‘ฉๆ‰˜่ปŠๅธๆฉŸ้€ฒ่กŒ่ซ‡ๅˆค๏ผŒๆ‰ฟ่ซพๅฐ‡ไป–ๅ€‘็š„่ฆๆฑ‚่ฝ‰้”็ตฆๅœ‹ๅฎถ่ญฆๅฏŸ๏ผŒไธฆๆ•ฆไฟƒ็คบๅจ่€…ไธ่ฆๅฐ‡็คบๅจ่ฝ‰็งปๅˆฐๅ…ถไป–ๅœฐๆ–นใ€‚[69][70]

้›…ๅŠ ้”็š„็คบๅจ่€…ๅพ—ๅˆฐไบ†ๅฐๅฐผๅคงๅญธ้†ซๅญธ้™ขๆ กๅ‹ๆœƒ็š„้†ซ็™‚ๆ”ฏๆด๏ผŒ่ฉฒๆ กๅ‹ๆœƒไนŸ่ญด่ฒฌไบ†ๆฉŸๅ‹•้ƒจ้šŠๅƒ่ˆ‡ๅฐŽ่‡ด้˜ฟๅ‡กยทๅบซๅฐผไบž่ฌๆญปไบก็š„ไบ‹ไปถใ€‚[71]

ๅคง็ด„ๅœจๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“16:00๏ผŒๆœ‰ๅ ฑๅฐŽ็จฑๅœจ่ญฆๆ–นๅฐ็คบๅจ่€…ไฝฟ็”จๅ‚ฌๆณช็“ฆๆ–ฏๅพŒ๏ผŒ่€ๅทดๅ‰Ž๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšSenen๏ผ‰ๅœฐๅ€็š„ไธ€ๅฎถๅ•†ๅบ—้ญๅˆฐๆถๅŠซใ€‚[72]


ๅคง็ด„ๅœจๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“17:00๏ผŒ่ญฐๆœƒๅคงๆจ“้™„่ฟ‘็š„็คบๅจ็ทŠๅผตๅฑ€ๅ‹ขๅ‡็ดš๏ผŒๆœ‰ไบบๅ‘่ญฐๆœƒๅคงๅปˆๆŠ•ๆ“ฒ้žญ็‚ฎ๏ผŒไธฆๆๅฃžไบ†้™„่ฟ‘็š„้–‰่ทฏ้›ป่ฆ–ใ€‚ไธ€ๅฐๆ™‚ๅพŒ๏ผŒๅคง้›จ่ฟซไฝฟๅคงๅคšๆ•ธ็คบๅจ่€…ๅฐ‹ๆ‰พ้ฟ้›จ่™•๏ผŒไฝ†ไปๆœ‰้ƒจๅˆ†็คบๅจ่€…ๅ …ๅฎˆ้™ฃๅœฐใ€‚[73]

้›…ๅŠ ้”็š„็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ๆŒ็บŒๅˆฐๆทฑๅคœ๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…ๅœจ็ด„20:00๏ผˆ่ฅฟๅฐๅฐผๆ—ถๅŒบ๏ผ‰ๆ”ป็ ดไบ†ๅœฐๆ–นไปฃ่กจ็†ไบ‹ไผš็ง˜ๆ›ธ่™•้™„่ฟ‘็š„ไธ€้“ๅคง้–€ใ€‚ๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌๆฉŸๅ‹•ๆ—…ๅ’Œๅฐๅฐผๅœ‹ๆฐ‘่ปๅœจๅ…ง็š„ๅฎ‰ๅ…จ้ƒจ้šŠไฝœๅ‡บๅๆ‡‰๏ผŒๅฐ‡ไบบ็พคๆŽจๅ›žไธฆ่จญ็ซ‹ๅฏฆ้ซ”ๅฑ้šœไปฅๅ–ไปฃ่ขซๆๅฃž็š„ๅคง้–€ใ€‚[74]

ไธๆ˜Žไบบๅฃซ็ธฑ็ซไธฆๆถๅŠซไบ†ไฝๆ–ผ่€ๅทดๅ‰ŽๆฉŸๅ‹•้ƒจ้šŠ็ธฝ้ƒจ้™„่ฟ‘็š„่€ๅทดๅ‰Žๅฐˆ็ทšๅทดๅฃซ็ซ™ใ€ไฝๆ–ผ้›…ๅŠ ้”้ƒฝๆœƒๅ€่ญฆๅฏŸ็ธฝ้ƒจๅ‰็š„้ƒฝๆœƒๅ€่ญฆๅฏŸๅฑ€็ซ™๏ผˆPolda Metro Jaya๏ผ‰ใ€ไปฅๅŠ้„ฐ่ฟ‘ๆœ‹ๅก่ซพ้ซ”่‚ฒๅ ด็š„ๅฒ็ดๅปถ๏ผˆSenayan๏ผ‰ๅฐˆ็ทšๅทดๅฃซ็ซ™ใ€‚[75][76] ๆญคๅค–๏ผŒ้ซ”่‚ฒๅฎฎๅœฐ้ต็ซ™ๅ’Œๅฒ็ดๅปถๅœฐ้ต็ซ™ไนŸ้ญๅˆฐๅšด้‡็ ดๅฃžใ€‚็”ฑๆ–ผ็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•๏ผŒ้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅฐˆ็ทšๅทดๅฃซๆ–ผๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“22:11ๅฎฃๅธƒๅ…จ็ทšๅœ้‹๏ผŒ่€Œ้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅœฐ้ตๅ‰‡็ธฎ็Ÿญๆœๅ‹™๏ผŒๅƒ…ๅœจๅธƒ้™ธๆ–ฏ่ฐท็ซ™ๅ’ŒMๅ€็ซ™ไน‹้–“้‹็‡Ÿใ€‚[77]

้›…ๅŠ ้”ไปฅๅค–ๅœฐๅ€

็ผ–่พ‘
ย 
2025ๅนด8ๆœˆ29ๆ—ฅ๏ผŒ้˜ฒๆšด่ญฆๅฏŸๅœจๆฃ‰่˜ญๅฐ‡็คบๅจ่€…ๆŽจๅ›ž

้˜ฟๅ‡กยทๅบซๅฐผไบž่ฌไน‹ๆญป่€Œๅผ•็™ผ็š„็คบๅจไนŸๆ“ดๆ•ฃๅˆฐ็ญ้”ไบž้ฝŠ[78]ใ€ๆฃ‰่˜ญ[79]ใ€ๆณ—ๆฐด[80]ใ€ๆขญ็พ…[81]ใ€ๅค็”ธ[82]ใ€ๆœ›ๅŠ ้Œซ[83]ใ€ๅ“ฅๅ€ซๆ‰“ๆด›[84][85]ใ€ๅธ•็›ง[86]ใ€ๅทดๆฑ[87]ใ€ๅ ็ข‘[87]ใ€่ฌ้š†[88]ใ€ไบ•้‡Œๆฑถใ€ๅ—ๅฎ‰็”ฑใ€ๆ‰“ๆฉซใ€ๆ™ฎ็ฆพๅŠ ๅคšใ€ไธ‰ๅฏถๅฃŸ[89][90]ใ€ๆ—ฅๆƒนใ€[91]ใ€ๅค็ชๅฃซ[92]ใ€ๆทก็›ฎ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšDemak, Demak๏ผ‰[93]ใ€ ๅœ–็ญ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšTuban๏ผ‰ใ€[94]ใ€่ฉฉ้ƒฝ้˜ฟไฝ[95]ใ€็‘ช็…ใ€[96] ้พ่ถŠใ€[97]ใ€ไปปๆŠน[98]ใ€ๅค–ๅ—ๅคข[99]ใ€ๅธ•ๆœ—ๅกๆ‹‰ไบž[100][101]ใ€่‚ฏ้”้‡Œใ€[102]ใ€้ฆฌ่ซพๅ…‹็“ฆ้‡Œ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšManokwari๏ผ‰ๅŠ่ฌ้ด‰่€ใ€‚[103]

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ๅฐๅฐผๅœฐๅœ–๏ผˆ็ˆชๅ“‡ๅณถๅค–๏ผ‰้กฏ็คบ็™ผ็”Ÿไธป่ฆ็คบๅจ็š„ๅœฐ้ปž
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ๅฐๅฐผๅœฐๅœ–๏ผˆ็ˆชๅ“‡ๅณถ๏ผ‰้กฏ็คบ็™ผ็”Ÿไธป่ฆ็คบๅจ็š„ๅœฐ้ปž

ๅœจ่ฅฟ็ˆชๅ“‡็œ็œๆœƒ่ฌ้š†๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…็‡’ๆฏ€ไบ†ไบบๅ”ๅคงๆจ“ไธฆๆ‘งๆฏ€ไบ†ๆฐด้ฆฌใ€‚[104] ่ฅฟ็ˆชๅ“‡็œ้•ทๅพท่ฟชยท็ฉ†ๅˆฉไบž่ฟช๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšDedi Mulyadi๏ผ‰่ฉฆๅœ–ๅฎ‰ๆ’ซ็คบๅจ่€…๏ผŒไธฆ่ซ‹ๆฑ‚ไป–ๅ€‘ไธ่ฆๆ”ปๆ“Šๆฒ™็ˆนๅคงๆจ“๏ผˆ็œๆ”ฟๅบœๅคงๆจ“๏ผ‰๏ผŒไฝ†็คบๅจ่€…ๆŒ‡ๆŽงไป–่ฉฆๅœ–่ฝ‰็งป่ฆ–็ทšไธฆๆ‹’็ต•ๅ…ถ่ซ‹ๆฑ‚[105]ใ€‚ๅพท่ฟชๅนพไนŽ้ญๅˆฐ่ฅฒๆ“Š๏ผŒไฝ†่ขซๅฎ‰ๅ…จ้ƒจ้šŠๆ’ค้›ข่‡ณ่ฅฟ็ˆชๅ“‡็œ่ญฐๆœƒๅคงๆจ“ๅ…งใ€‚[106]ใ€‚ไธ‰ๅๅฅณ่ญฆ่ขซ็ŸณๅกŠๆ“Šๅ‚ท๏ผŒ็ด„200ๅ็คบๅจ่€…ๅฐ‹ๆฑ‚้†ซ็™‚ๆ•‘ๅŠฉ๏ผŒไธป่ฆๅŽŸๅ› ๆ˜ฏๆŽฅ่งธๅ‚ฌๆณช็“ฆๆ–ฏใ€‚[107]ใ€‚้šจๅพŒ็š„ๆšดๅ‹•ๅฐŽ่‡ด่ฅฟ็ˆชๅ“‡็œ่ญฐๆœƒๅคงๆจ“ไปฅๅŠ้„ฐ่ฟ‘็š„่ญฆๅฏŸๅฑ€ใ€ๆฒ™ๅ—ฒๅคงๆจ“็š„้ƒจๅˆ†ๅ€ๅŸŸๅ’Œ้™„่ฟ‘ไธ€ๅฎถ้คๅปณ่ขซ็‡’ๆฏ€ๅ’ŒๆถๅŠซใ€‚[108] ๅœจ้›™ๆœจไธน็ธฃ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšSumedang Regency๏ผ‰็š„ๅŠ ่’‚ๅ—ๆˆˆ๏ผŒไนŸ็™ผ็”Ÿไบ†ๅฐ่ญฆๅฏŸๅพฝ่™Ÿๅ’Œ่ญฆๅฏŸๅฑ€็š„็ ดๅฃžไปฅๅŠๅฐ่ญฆๅฏŸๅฑ€็š„ๆ”ปๆ“Šใ€‚[109][110]

ย 
ๅœจ่ฌ้š†็š„่ฅฟ็ˆชๅ“‡็œ่ญฐๆœƒ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšWest Java Regional House of Representatives๏ผ‰ๅ‰่ˆ‰่กŒ็š„ๅคง่ฆๆจก็คบๅจใ€‚่ฉฒๅปบ็ฏ‰ๅพŒไพ†็™ผ็”Ÿ็ซ็ฝ๏ผŒๅšด้‡ๅ—ๆใ€‚[111]
ย 
่ฅฟ็ˆชๅ“‡่ฌ้š†็š„ไธ€ๅๅญธ็”Ÿ้†ซ็™‚ๅฟ—ๅทฅ็‚บ็คบๅจ่€…ๆœๅ‹™ใ€‚่จฑๅคš็คบๅจ่€…ๅ› ๆŽฅ่งธๅ‚ฌๆณช็“ฆๆ–ฏ่€Œๅ—ๅ‚ทใ€‚

ๅœจๆขญ็พ…๏ผŒไปฅ็ถฒ็ด„่ปŠๅธๆฉŸๅ’Œๅญธ็”Ÿ็‚บ้ฆ–็š„็คบๅจ่€…่š้›†ๅœจ้ฆฌ็ดๆผข้ซ”่‚ฒๅ ด๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšManahan Stadium๏ผ‰็š„่ญฆๅฏŸๆฉŸๅ‹•็‡Ÿ็ธฝ้ƒจๅ‰๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…ๅ’Œ่ญฆๅฏŸๆœ€ๅˆ่ˆ‰่กŒไบ†ๅˆ็ฆฑ๏ผŒไปฅ็คบๅœ˜็ต๏ผŒไฝ†้šจๅพŒ็ทŠๅผตๅฑ€ๅ‹ขๅ‡็ดš็‚บๅ…จ้ข่ก็ชใ€‚[112]ใ€‚ๆฉŸๅ‹•้ƒจ้šŠ่ญฆๅ“ก่ฉฆๅœ–็”จๅ‚ฌๆณช็“ฆๆ–ฏๅ’Œๆฐด็‚ฎ้ฉ…ๆ•ฃไบบ็พคใ€‚็„ถ่€Œ๏ผŒ็”ฑๆ–ผ้ขจๅ‘็ช็„ถๆ”น่ฎŠ๏ผŒๅ‚ฌๆณช็“ฆๆ–ฏๅนๅ‘ไบ†ๆฉŸๅ‹•้ƒจ้šŠๅฐ้šŠ๏ผŒ้€ ๆˆๆททไบ‚๏ผŒไธฆ่ฟซไฝฟไป–ๅ€‘ๆ’ค้€€ใ€‚[113]ใ€‚้จทไบ‚ๆŒ็บŒๅˆฐๆทฑๅคœ๏ผŒๆ“šๅ ฑๆœ‰ๆŒ‘้‡่€…ๆปฒ้€ๅ…ถไธญ๏ผŒ็ ดๅฃžๅ’Œๆๆฏ€ๅ…ฌๅ…ฑ่จญๆ–ฝ[112]ใ€‚ๆขญ็พ…ๅธ‚่ญฐๆœƒๅคงๆจ“่ขซๆšดๅพ’็ธฑ็ซ๏ผŒๅไบบๅ› ๆŽฅ่งธๅ‚ฌๆณช็“ฆๆ–ฏ่€ŒๆŽฅๅ—ๆฒป็™‚[114]ใ€‚

ๅœจๆณ—ๆฐด๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…่ฆๆฑ‚้‡‹ๆ”พๅ‰ไธ€ๅคฉๆ‰€ๆœ‰็คบๅจ่€…ไธฆ็ตฆไบˆ่ณ ๅ„Ÿ๏ผŒๅŒๆ™‚่ฆๆฑ‚้–‹้™คไธฆไพๆณ•ๅฏฉๅˆคๆถ‰ๅŠ้˜ฟๅ‡กยทๅบซๅฐผไบž่ฌๆญปไบกไบ‹ไปถ็š„่ญฆๅ“กใ€‚็คบๅจ่€…ๅ‘่ญฆๆ–นๆŠ•ๆ“ฒ็‰ฉๅ“ๅ’Œ็–‘ไผผๆฑฝๆฒนๅฝˆ๏ผŒๅฐŽ่‡ดๆ ผๆ‹‰ๅ“ˆ่ฟชๅคงๅปˆ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผšGedung Negara Grahadi๏ผ‰๏ผˆๅ‰ฏ็œ้•ทๅฎ˜้‚ธ๏ผ‰ๅ’Œๆฑ็ˆชๅ“‡็œๆ”ฟๅบœๅคงๅปˆๆฑๅด่ตท็ซใ€‚ๅคง็ซ็‡’ๆฏ€ไบ†ๆ•ธ่ผ›ๆ‘ฉๆ‰˜่ปŠ๏ผŒๆฟƒๆฟƒ็š„้ป‘็…™ๅ‡ๅ…ฅ็ฉบไธญใ€‚[115]

ๆˆช่‡ณๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“็ด„19:31๏ผŒๆณ—ๆฐด็š„็คบๅจไปๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒไธญใ€‚็คบๅจ่€…่ขซๅพž่˜‡้‡Œ็ด„็œ้•ท่ทฏๆŽจๅ›žๅพŒ๏ผŒๆ•ฃๅธƒๅˆฐๅทด่˜‡ๅŸบยทๆ‹‰่ตซ็‘ช็‰น่ทฏๅ’Œ้’ๅนด่ทฏ๏ผŒ็นผ็บŒๅ‘่ญฆๅฏŸๆŠ•ๆ“ฒ็ŸณๅกŠไธฆ้ปž็‡ƒ่ทฏ้šœใ€‚[116]ใ€‚็ซ็ฝๅœจๅ…ฉ่™•็ˆ†็™ผ๏ผšไธ€่™•ๅœจ็›ด่‘›ๆฒ™้‡Œ๏ผˆTegalsari๏ผ‰่ญฆๅฏŸๅˆ†ๅฑ€ๅ‰๏ผŒๅฆไธ€่™•ๅœจ้บฅ็•ถๅ‹žๅ‰ใ€‚้…ๅ‚™้˜ฒๅฝˆ็›พ็‰Œ็š„่ญฆๅ“กๅ …ๅฎˆ้™ฃๅœฐใ€‚ๅ› ้จทไบ‚่€Œ่ขซ่ฟซ้—œ้–‰็š„ๅ•†ๆˆถใ€ๅ•†ๅ ดๆœ‰Richeeseใ€้บฅ็•ถๅ‹ž็ญ‰ๆ•ธๅฎถ้€Ÿ้ฃŸๅบ—๏ผŒไปฅๅŠๅทด่˜‡ๅŸบยทๆ‹‰่ตซ็‘ช็‰น่ทฏ้™„่ฟ‘็š„ๆฑฝ่ปŠ็ถ“้Šทๅ•†ๅ’Œๆ•ฆ็“Šๅฎ‰ๅปฃๅ ด๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšTunjungan Plaza๏ผ‰่ณผ็‰ฉไธญๅฟƒใ€‚ๅธ‚ไธญๅฟƒไบค้€š้™ทๅ…ฅๅœๆปฏ๏ผŒ่ญฆๆ–น็นผ็บŒ็™ผๅฐ„ๅ‚ฌๆณช็“ฆๆ–ฏไปฅ้ฉ…ๆ•ฃไบบ็พคใ€‚[117]ใ€‚้จทไบ‚้‚„ๅฐŽ่‡ดๆ•ธๆขๅธ‚ๅ…งๅทดๅฃซ่ทฏ็ทšๆ”น้“๏ผŒไธฆๆœ€็ต‚ๅœจๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“21:00ๅ‰ๅฎŒๅ…จๅœๆญข๏ผŒๆขๅพฉๆ™‚้–“ไธๆ˜Žใ€‚[118]

ๅœจๅค็”ธ๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…่กจ้”ไบ†ๅๅฐๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“กๆดฅ่ฒผๅขžๅŠ ใ€่ฆๆฑ‚่งฃๅƒฑๅค็”ธ่ญฆๅฏŸๅฑ€้•ทไปฅๆŠ—่ญฐๅ…ˆๅ‰็คบๅจไธญ็š„่ญฆๅฏŸๆšดๅŠ›ใ€่ฆๆฑ‚่ฅฟๅŠ ้‡Œๆ›ผไธน็œ็š„ๅ…ฌๅนณ็™ผๅฑ•ใ€ๆŽจๅ‹•ใ€Š่ณ‡็”ขๆฒ’ๆ”ถๆณ•ๆกˆใ€‹็š„ๆ‰นๅ‡†๏ผŒไธฆ่ฆๆฑ‚ๆ”ฟๅบœๅฐๅ…ถๅ‰ต้€ ๅฐฑๆฅญๆฉŸๆœƒ็š„ๆ‰ฟ่ซพ่ฒ ่ฒฌใ€‚็คบๅจ่€…่ฉฆๅœ–่กๆ“Š็œ่ญฐๆœƒๅคงๆจ“ไธฆ็„š็‡’่ผช่ƒŽ๏ผŒไฟƒไฝฟ่ญฆๆ–นไฝฟ็”จๅ‚ฌๆณช็“ฆๆ–ฏๅ’Œๆˆฐ่ก“่ปŠ่ผ›ไป‹ๅ…ฅไปฅ้ฉ…ๆ•ฃไบบ็พคใ€‚[82]

ๅœจๆœ›ๅŠ ้Œซ๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…้€š้Ž็„š็‡’ๅปข่ผช่ƒŽๅฐ้Ž–ไบ†่ทจ่‹ๆ‹‰ๅจ่ฅฟๅ…ฌ่ทฏใ€‚[83] ๆ™šไธŠ๏ผŒไป–ๅ€‘็‡’ๆฏ€ไบ†ๆœ›ๅŠ ้Œซๅธ‚่ญฐๆœƒๅคงๆจ“๏ผŒๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌๅœๆ”พๅœจ้‚ฃ่ฃก็š„ๆฑฝ่ปŠๅ’Œๆ‘ฉๆ‰˜่ปŠใ€‚็คบๅจ่€…้‚„ๆๅฃžไบ†ๅ…ถ่ญฆ่ก›ๅฎค้™„่ฟ‘็š„่‡ชๅ‹•ๆๆฌพๆฉŸใ€‚[119][120] ๅธ‚่ญฐๆœƒๅ…จ้ซ”ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ› ๆญคไธญๆ–ท๏ผŒๅธ‚้•ท็ฉ†็ดๅผ—้‡Œยท้˜ฟ้‡Œๅผ—ไธ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšMunafri Arifuddin๏ผ‰็ญ‰่ˆ‡ๆœƒ่€…้œ€ๅพž็ซ็ฝไธญๆ’ค้›ขใ€‚[121] ็ซ็ฝ้€ ๆˆ3ไบบๆญปไบก๏ผŒ5ไบบๅ—ๅ‚ทใ€‚[122][123][124] 8ๆœˆ30ๆ—ฅๆ™š๏ผŒๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบž็ฉ†ๆ–ฏๆž—ๅคงๅญธ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผšUniversitas Muslim Indonesia๏ผ‰ๆ ก้–€ๅ‰็™ผ็”Ÿ็คบๅจ๏ผŒ็ตๆžœๆผ”่ฎŠๆˆๆšดๅŠ›๏ผŒ็ถฒ็ด„่ปŠๅธๆฉŸ้ญฏๆ–ฏๆทก่ฟชๅฎ‰ๅค๏ผˆRusdamdiansyah๏ผ‰ๅ› ่€Œๅ–ช็”Ÿใ€‚ๆœ›ๅŠ ้Œซๅœฐๅ€็ฝๅฎณ็ฎก็†ๅฑ€๏ผˆBPBD๏ผ‰ๅฑ€้•ทMยทๆณ•ๅพท้‡Œยทๅก”ๅ“ˆ็ˆพ๏ผˆFadli Tahar๏ผ‰ๅ…ˆๅ‰่กจ็คบ๏ผŒไธ€ๅๆญป่€…ๅœจๅฐๅฐผ็ฉ†ๆ–ฏๆž—ๅคงๅญธๆ กๅ€ๅ‰่ขซๆšดๆฐ‘่ฅฒๆ“Š๏ผŒๅ‚ท้‡ไธๆฒป๏ผŒๅˆ่กจ็คบไป–่ขซ่ฅฒๆ“Š็š„ๅŽŸๅ› ๆ˜ฏๅ› ็‚บๅ…ถไป–็คบๅจ่€…ๆ‡ท็–‘ไป–ๆ˜ฏๅŸทๆณ•้ƒจ้–€็š„ๆƒ…ๅ ฑไบบๅ“กใ€‚[125][126][127]

ๅœจ่‚ฏ้”้‡Œ๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…ๆ‰“็ ดไบ†ๆฑๅ—่˜‡ๆ‹‰ๅจ่ฅฟๅœฐๅ€่ญฆๅฏŸๅฑ€็š„ๅคง้–€๏ผŒๅŒๆ™‚ไนŸๅœจ็œ้•ท่พฆๅ…ฌๅฎคๅ’Œๅœฐๅ€่ญฐๆœƒๅคงๆจ“ๅ‘จๅœ่ˆ‰่กŒ็คบๅจใ€‚็คบๅจ่€…ไธป่ฆไพ†่‡ชๆฑๅ—่˜‡ๆ‹‰ๅจ่ฅฟๅคงๅญธๅ’Œๆฑๅ—่˜‡ๆ‹‰ๅจ่ฅฟๅœ‹็ซ‹ไผŠๆ–ฏ่˜ญๅญธ้™ข็š„ๅญธ็”Ÿ๏ผŒไป–ๅ€‘ๅจ่„…่ฆๅœจ9ๆœˆ1ๆ—ฅ่ˆ‰่กŒๆ›ดๅคง่ฆๆจก็š„็คบๅจ๏ผŒ็„ถๅพŒๆ’ค้›ขใ€‚[128]

ๅœจๆ—ฅๆƒน๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…่š้›†ๅˆฐๆทฑๅคœ๏ผŒๅœฐ้ปžๅœจ็œ่ญฆๅฏŸ็ธฝ้ƒจๅ‰ใ€‚[129] ๆšดๅ‹•ๅฐŽ่‡ด่ญฆๆ–น็š„็ถœๅˆ้ง•็…งๆœๅ‹™ๅคงๆจ“่ขซ็ธฑ็ซใ€‚[130] ๆœ€ๅˆๅฐ้Ž–้€šๅพ€่ญฆๅฏŸ็ธฝ้ƒจ้“่ทฏ็š„็คบๅจ่€…๏ผŒ็‚บ่˜‡ไธนๅ“ˆๅญŸๅบ“ๅธƒๆฒƒ่ฏบๅไธ–๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšHamengkubuwana X๏ผ‰็š„่ปŠ้šŠ่ฎ“่ทฏ๏ผŒไป–่ˆ‡ไป–็š„ๅ…ฉๅ€‹ๅฅณๅ…’ไธ€ๅŒ่จชๅ•ไบ†่ฉฒๅœฐใ€‚[131] ่˜‡ไธน้šจๅพŒๅœจ็ธฝ้ƒจๅ…ง่ˆ‡่ญฆๅฏŸๅ’Œ่ป้šŠไปฃ่กจๆœƒ้ข๏ผŒ่จŽ่ซ–ๆญฃๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒ็š„็คบๅจไธฆๅŒ–่งฃ็ทŠๅผตๅฑ€ๅ‹ขใ€‚[132]

ๅœจๆ˜Žๅค้ญฏ๏ผŒ็”ฑๅญธ็”Ÿๅ’Œ้’ๅนด็ต„็น”้ ˜ๅฐŽ็š„็คบๅจๆœ€ๅˆๆ˜ฏๅ’Œๅนณ็š„๏ผŒ30ๅๅญธ็”Ÿไปฃ่กจ่ขซๅ…่จฑ่ˆ‡่ฉฒ็œ็š„่ญฐๆœƒๆˆๅ“กๆœƒ้ขใ€‚็„ถ่€Œ๏ผŒๅˆฐไธญๅˆๆ™‚ๅˆ†๏ผŒ็คบๅจๆผ”่ฎŠๆˆๆšดๅŠ›๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…ๆŽจ้–‹่ญฆๅฏŸ๏ผŒ่ฉฆๅœ–ๆ‹†้™คๅคงๆจ“็š„ๅœๆฌ„ๅ’Œๆ——ๆ†่ฃ้ฃพใ€‚่ญฆๆ–น็”จๅ‚ฌๆณช็“ฆๆ–ฏๅ›žๆ‡‰๏ผŒไธฆ้€ฎๆ•ไบ†7ๅๅญธ็”Ÿ๏ผŒไป–ๅ€‘ไธไน…ๅพŒ่ขซ้‡‹ๆ”พใ€‚[133][134] ็•ถๅคฉๆ™šไบ›ๆ™‚ๅ€™๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…ๅœจไธ‹้›จๅพŒๆ•ฃๅŽปใ€‚[135] ๆ“šๅ ฑๅฐŽ๏ผŒๆšดๅ‹•ๅฐŽ่‡ด10ๅ่ญฆๅ“ก๏ผˆๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌไธ€ๅๆœ‰ๅˆบๅ‚ท่€…๏ผ‰ๅ’Œๆ•ธๅๅๅญธ็”Ÿๅ—ๅ‚ท๏ผŒไธฆๅœจ้™„่ฟ‘้†ซ้™ขๆŽฅๅ—ๆฒป็™‚ใ€‚[136][137]

8ๆœˆ30ๆ—ฅ

็ผ–่พ‘

้˜ฟๅ‡ก้€ไธ–ๅพŒ๏ผŒ้›…ๅŠ ้”็š„็คบๅจ่€…้€ฃ็บŒๅ…ฉๅคฉๅœจๆก‚็•ถๆฉŸๅ‹•้ƒจ้šŠ็ธฝ้ƒจๅค–่ˆ‰่กŒ็คบๅจใ€‚้šจ่‘—ๅฎ‰ๅ…จ้ƒจ้šŠๅ’Œ็คบๅจ่€…ไบ’็›ธๆ”ปๆ“Š๏ผŒๅฑ€ๅ‹ขๅ‡็ดš๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…ๆŠ•ๆ“ฒ็“ถๅญใ€็ŸณๅกŠ็”š่‡ณ้žญ็‚ฎใ€‚[138] ไน‹ๅพŒๆƒ…ๆณ่ฎŠๅพ—่ถŠไพ†่ถŠ็ทŠๅผต๏ผŒๅฎ‰ๅ…จๅฎ˜ๅ“กๆ•…ๆ„ๅˆ‡ๆ–ท่ฉฒๅœฐๅ€็š„้›ปๅŠ›๏ผŒไป–ๅ€‘้–‹ๆงไธฆ็™ผๅฐ„ๅ‚ฌๆณช็“ฆๆ–ฏ๏ผŒไฝฟ็คบๅจ่€…ๅ‘ๅพŒๅฅ”่ท‘ใ€‚[139]

ๆ•ดๅ€‹8ๆœˆ30ๆ—ฅ๏ผŒ็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ๅœจ้›…ๅŠ ้”[140]ใ€ๆณ—ๆฐด[141]ใ€่Œ‰่Ž‰่Šฌ[142]ใ€ไบ•้‡Œๆฑถ[143]ใ€้ฆฌๅก”่˜ญ[144]ใ€ไธนๅธ•ๆฒ™[145]ใ€่ฅฟๅ†ทใ€[146]ใ€ๅŒ—ๅŠ ๆตชๅฒธ[142]ๅ’Œๅค็”ธๆŒ็บŒ้€ฒ่กŒใ€‚[147]

ๅœจๆก‚็•ถๆฉŸๅ‹•้ƒจ้šŠ็ธฝ้ƒจๅ‰็š„็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•

8ๆœˆ30ๆ—ฅไธŠๅˆ๏ผŒ้›…ๅŠ ้”็š„็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ไปๅœจ็นผ็บŒ๏ผŒไฝ†ๅˆฐๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“6:00ๆ™‚๏ผŒไบบๆ•ธๅทฒๅคงๅน…ๆธ›ๅฐ‘ใ€‚[148] ๆˆช่‡ณๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“5:00๏ผŒไปๆœ‰ๆ•ธ็™พไบบ็•™ๅœจ่ญฐๆœƒๅคงๅปˆๅ‰ใ€‚ๆœ‰ไบบ่ขซ็œ‹่ฆ‹ๅฐ่‘—็ซ™ๅœจ่ญฐๆœƒๅœๆฌ„ๅพŒ็š„่ญฆๅฎ˜ๅคงๅ–Šใ€‚ไธ€ไบ›้“่ทฏไฝฟ็”จ่€…๏ผŒๅฆ‚่จˆ็จ‹่ปŠๅ’Œ่ผ‰่‘—่”ฌ่œๆ”ค่ฒฉ็š„ๆ‘ฉๆ‰˜่ปŠ๏ผŒ้–‹ๅง‹ๆฒฟ่‘—ๅ…ˆๅ‰่ขซ็คบๅจ่€…ๅฐ้Ž–็š„Gatot Subroto่ก—่กŒ้ง›ใ€‚[149] ๅˆฐๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“14:00๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…็นผ็บŒ่กๆ“Š้›…ๅŠ ้”ๆฉŸๅ‹•้ƒจ้šŠ็ธฝ้ƒจๅ‰ใ€‚[140]

็”ฑๆ–ผๆšดๅพ’็„š็‡’ไบ†้ƒฝๆœƒๅ€่ญฆๅฏŸๅฑ€็ซ™๏ผˆPolda Metro Jaya๏ผ‰ใ€่€ๅทดๅ‰Ž็ซ™๏ผˆSenen๏ผ‰ใ€่€ๅทดๅ‰Žไธญๅคฎ็ซ™๏ผˆSenen Sentral๏ผ‰ใ€ๅฒ็ดๅปถ็ซ™ใ€้’ๅนด้–€็ซ™๏ผˆGerbang Pemuda๏ผ‰็ญ‰ไธƒๅ€‹ๅทดๅฃซ็ซ™ไธฆ็ ดๅฃžไบ†่จฑๅคšๅ…ถไป–่จญๆ–ฝ[150]ใ€‚้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅฐˆ็ทšๅทดๅฃซๆ–ผ8ๆœˆ30ๆ—ฅไธŠๅˆๆšซๅœๆ‰€ๆœ‰่ทฏ็ทš็š„้‹็‡Ÿ[151]ใ€‚ๆˆช่‡ณๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“11:30๏ผŒไธ€ไบ›ๅฐˆ็ทšๅฐๅทด๏ผˆMikrotrans๏ผ‰่ทฏ็ทšๅ’Œๅฐˆ็ทšๅทดๅฃซ11่™Ÿ็ทš๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšTransjakarta Corridor 11๏ผ‰๏ผˆๆ™ฎๆด›ๆ ผ้‚ฆโ€”็”˜ๆฆœ้ฆฌไพ†็”ฑ๏ผ‰ๅทฒ้€ๆผธๆขๅพฉๆœๅ‹™ใ€‚[152]ใ€‚้ซ”่‚ฒๅฎฎๅœฐ้ต็ซ™ไนŸ้ญๅˆฐ็ ดๅฃž๏ผŒ่‡ชๅ‹•่ฒฉ่ณฃๆฉŸๅ’Œ้–‰่ทฏ้›ป่ฆ–ๆ”ๅฝฑๆฉŸ่ขซๆด—ๅŠซไธ€็ฉบ[153]ใ€‚้›…ๅŠ ้”็œๆ”ฟๅบœๅฎฃๅธƒ๏ผŒๅœจๆขๅพฉๅทฅไฝœ้€ฒ่กŒๆœŸ้–“๏ผŒ้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅฐˆ็ทšๅทดๅฃซๅ’Œๅœฐ้ตๆœๅ‹™ๅฐ‡ๆไพ›ๅ…่ฒปๆœๅ‹™ใ€‚[154]

็คบๅจ่€…ๆ–ผๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“15:00้–‹ๅง‹่š้›†ๅœจๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“ก่–ฉ่ตซ็พ…ๅฐผไฝๆ–ผไธนๆˆŽไธ็ขŒ็š„ๅฏ“ๆ‰€ๅ‰๏ผŒๅ„˜็ฎกๅททๅฃๆœ‰้‡ๅ…ตๆŠŠๅฎˆใ€‚ๆœ€ๅˆ๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…ๅ‰ไพ†่กจ้”ๅฐ่–ฉ่ตซ็พ…ๅฐผๅ…ˆๅ‰่จ€่ซ–็š„ไธๆปฟใ€‚็•ถไธ€ไบ›็คบๅจ่€…ๆ‘งๆฏ€่–ฉ่ตซ็พ…ๅฐผๅฎถ็š„ๅ‰้–€ไธฆๅพžๅ…ถไฝๆ‰€ๅ…งๆ‹ฟ่ตฐๅฅขไพˆๅ“ๆ™‚๏ผŒ็™ผ็”Ÿไบ†ๆถๅŠซ๏ผŒๅ…ถไธญๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌไธ€ๅ€‹ๅœจๅคงๅคšๆ•ธๅฝฑ็‰‡ไธญ็ช้กฏ็š„็œŸไบบๅคงๅฐ้‹ผ้ตไบบ้›•ๅƒใ€‚็คพ็พคๅช’้ซ”ไธŠๅ ฑๅฐŽ็š„ๅ…ถไป–่ขซๆถ็‰ฉๅ“ๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌ่‰ฒๆƒ…็‰‡ๅ…‰็ขŸ[155]ใ€่–ฉ่ตซ็พ…ๅฐผ็š„ๅญธๆ กๆ–‡ๆ†‘[156]ใ€ไธ€ๆŠŠ็ชๆ“Šๆญฅๆงๅ’Œไป–็š„ๆŒๆง่จฑๅฏ่ญ‰ๅฝฑๆœฌ[157]ใ€‚่–ฉ่ตซ็พ…ๅฐผๅไธ‹็š„็‰นๆ–ฏๆ‹‰Model Xใ€ไฟๆ™‚ๆท356ใ€็ฌฌไธ€ไปฃ็ฆ็‰น้‡Ž้ฆฌๅ’Œๅ‡Œๅฟ—RZ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšLexus RZ๏ผ‰้ญๅˆฐ็ ดๅฃžใ€‚็พๅ ดๅฝฑ็‰‡้‚„้กฏ็คบ๏ผŒไบบๅ€‘ๅˆ†็™ผไป–ๅฎถไธญ็š„ๆ–ฐๅŠ ๅกๅ…ƒ้ˆ”็ฅจ๏ผŒ็•ถไป–ๅ€‘ๅพžไป–ๅฎถไธญๆฌๅ‡บๅฅขไพˆๅ“ๆ™‚๏ผŒ้‚„่ฝๅˆฐ็พค็œพ้ซ˜ๅ–Šใ€ŒDuit rakyat!ใ€๏ผˆใ€Œไบบๆฐ‘็š„้Œข๏ผใ€๏ผ‰ใ€‚[158]

ๅœจ่–ฉ่ตซ็พ…ๅฐผ็š„ๆˆฟๅญ่ขซๆด—ๅŠซๅพŒ๏ผŒๆšดๅพ’ๆ–ผๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“็ด„22:05็นผ็บŒ่š้›†ๅœจๅŸƒ็ง‘ไฝๆ–ผ้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅ—ๅ€็‘Ÿ่ฟชไบžๅธƒ่ฟช๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšSetiabudi๏ผ‰็š„ๅฏ“ๆ‰€ใ€‚ๆœ€ๅˆ๏ผŒ็”ฑๆ–ผๆœ‰้‡ๅ…ตๅ’Œ่ป้šŠ้งๅฎˆ๏ผŒๆšดๅพ’ๅœ็•™ๅœจไฝๅฎ…ๅคง้–€ๅ‰๏ผŒไฝ†้šจ่‘—ๆšดๅพ’ไบบๆ•ธๅขžๅŠ ๏ผŒ่ญฆ่ก›ๅ’Œๅฃซๅ…ต่ฎ“ไป–ๅ€‘้€ฒๅ…ฅใ€‚่‡ชๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“21:55่ตท๏ผŒๆœ‰ๅ ฑๅฐŽ็จฑ่ฉฒไฝๅฎ…่ขซๆด—ๅŠซ๏ผŒๅ†ฐ็ฎฑใ€้ฃฒๆฐดๆฉŸใ€้›ป่ฆ–ใ€้ž‹้กžๅ’Œๅœฐๆฏฏ่ขซๆฌ่ตฐใ€‚[159] ้™คไบ†่–ฉ่ตซ็พ…ๅฐผ็š„ๆˆฟๅญ๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…้‚„ๅ‰ๅพ€ๅœ‹ๆฐ‘ๆฐ‘ไธป้ปจๅคงๆจ“[160]ๅ’Œ่ฉฒ้ปจ็ธฝ้ƒจ๏ผŒ่ฆๆฑ‚้–‹้™ค่–ฉ่ตซ็พ…ๅฐผใ€‚[161] ๅˆฐๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“21:00๏ผŒๅœจ่–ฉ่ตซ็พ…ๅฐผๅฎถ่ขซๆด—ๅŠซ็š„ๅ ฑๅฐŽๅพŒ๏ผŒๅœ‹ๆฐ‘ๆฐ‘ไธป้ปจๅคงๆจ“็”ฑๅฃซๅ…ตๅฎˆ่ก›ใ€‚[162]

็นผๅŸƒ็ง‘ไน‹ๅพŒ๏ผŒๆšดๅพ’่š้›†ๅœจ่ฎฎๅ‘˜็ƒไบžยทๅบซไบž๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผšUya Kuya๏ผ‰ไฝๆ–ผๆฑ้›…ๅŠ ้”ๆœ้€ฃๆฒ™ๅจ็‰น๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผšDuren Sawit (kelurahan)๏ผ‰็š„ๅฎถไธญใ€‚ๆ“šๅ ฑๅฐŽ๏ผŒๆšดๅพ’ๅœจๆ‹†ๆฏ€ๅ…ถๅœๆฌ„ๅพŒ้€ฒๅ…ฅไป–ๅฎถ๏ผŒๅŒๆ™‚้ซ˜ๅ–Šใ€ŒHancurkan๏ผใ€๏ผˆใ€Œๆ‘งๆฏ€ๅฎƒ๏ผใ€๏ผ‰๏ผŒๆˆฟๅฑ‹่ขซๆด—ๅŠซ๏ผŒ้€ฃๅŒไป–็š„ๅฏต็‰ฉ่ฒ“ใ€ๆŽƒๅธšๅ’Œ่กฃๆžถใ€‚็ƒไบžยทๅบซไบžๅ›žๆ‡‰่ชช๏ผŒไป–ๅ’Œๅฎถไบบ้ƒฝๆฒ’ๆœ‰ๅคง็ค™๏ผŒไธฆ่กจ็คบๆŽฅๅ—ๆ—ขๆˆไบ‹ๅฏฆ๏ผŒไฝ†ๅฐๅฎถ่ฒ“่ขซๅŠซๆ„Ÿๅˆฐ้›ฃ้Žใ€‚[163][164]ใ€‚ๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“กๆข…่Ž‰ยท้กงๆ–ฏๅ‹žๅ‘ผ็ฑฒ็คบๅจ่€…ๅฐ‡ๅฏต็‰ฉ่ฒ“ๆญธ้‚„็ตฆๅ…ถไธปไบบใ€‚[165]

้–‰่ทฏ้›ป่ฆ–้Œ„ๅฝฑๆ•ๆ‰ๅˆฐๆฉŸๅ‹•่ญฆๅฏŸๅœจSenenๅฐ็•ถๅœฐWartegๆ–ฝๆšด็š„่กŒ็‚บ

ๅคง็ด„ๅœจๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“22:00๏ผŒๆฉŸๅ‹•ๆ—…็ธฝ้ƒจๅ‘จๅœ็š„็คพๅ€้›ปๅŠ›่ขซๅˆ‡ๆ–ทใ€‚้šจๅพŒ๏ผŒๅœจๆœ‰ๅ ฑๅฐŽ็จฑไฝฟ็”จไบ†ๅ‚ฌๆณช็“ฆๆ–ฏ็ฝๅ’Œๆฉก่† ๅญๅฝˆ็š„ๆƒ…ๆณไธ‹๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…่ขซๆšดๅŠ›้ฉ…ๆ•ฃใ€‚็คพ็พคๅช’้ซ”ไธŠๆตๅ‚ณ็š„ๅฝฑ็‰‡้กฏ็คบ๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…ๅœจ่ขซๅŸทๆณ•ไบบๅ“กๅธถ่ตฐๅ‰้ญๅˆฐๆฃๆฃ’ๆฏ†ๆ‰“ใ€‚ๅœจๆŽฅไธ‹ไพ†็š„ๅนพๅ€‹ๅฐๆ™‚่ฃก๏ผŒๅŸทๆณ•ๅ’Œ่ปไบ‹ไบบๅ“ก้€ฒ่กŒไบ†ๆŽƒ่•ฉ่กŒๅ‹•๏ผŒไปฅๆธ…้™คๆก‚็•ถๅœฐๅ€ๅ‰ฉ้ค˜็š„็คบๅจ่€…ใ€‚[166]

ๆ™šไธŠ๏ผŒๆ™ฎๆ‹‰ๅšๆฒƒๅœจๅ…ถไฝๆ–ผ่Œ‚็‰ฉๆผขๅทดๆœ—๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผšHambalang, Citeureup, Bogor๏ผ‰็š„ไฝๆ‰€่ˆ‡็ฉ†็ฝ•้ป˜่ฟชไบžใ€ไผŠๆ–ฏ่˜ญๆ•™ๅฃซ่ฏๅˆๆœƒใ€ๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบžไผŠๆ–ฏ่˜ญๆ•™ๅฃซ็†ไบ‹ๆœƒ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšIndonesian Ulema Council๏ผ‰ใ€ๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบžไผŠๆ–ฏ่˜ญๅฎฃๆ•™ๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšIndonesian Islamic Propagation Council๏ผ‰ใ€ไผŠๆ–ฏ่˜ญๆ”น้ฉ่ˆ‡ๆŒ‡ๅผ•ๅ”ๆœƒๅ’ŒไผŠๆ–ฏ่˜ญ่ฏๅˆๆœƒ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšPERSIS๏ผ‰็ญ‰16ๅ€‹ไผŠๆ–ฏ่˜ญ็พค็œพ็ต„็น”็š„ไปฃ่กจ่ˆ‰่กŒๅฐ่ฉฑใ€‚[167]

็คพไบคๅช’้ซ”ไธŠๆตๅ‚ณ็š„ๅฝฑ็‰‡็‰‡ๆฎตๆˆ–่จฑ้กฏ็คบTVOne๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšTVOne (Indonesian TV network)๏ผ‰่จ˜่€…Leo Chandraๆ“šๅ ฑๅœจๅŒ—้›…ๅŠ ้”็ง‘ๆŸฅ๏ผˆKoja๏ผ‰ไธ€ๅ€‹ๆถˆ้˜ฒ็ซ™้™„่ฟ‘้€ฒ่กŒ็พๅ ด็›ดๆ’ญๆ™‚่ขซ่ญฆๅฏŸๆ‹˜็•™ๅ’Œๆฏ†ๆ‰“ใ€‚[168]

้›…ๅŠ ้”ไปฅๅค–ๅœฐๅ€

็ผ–่พ‘

ๅœจๆณ—ๆฐด๏ผŒๆšดๅ‹•ๆŒ็บŒๅˆฐ8ๆœˆ30ๆ—ฅๅ‡Œๆ™จใ€‚ไฝๆ–ผPemuda่ก—้™„่ฟ‘็š„Hotel Sahid Surabayaๅœจ็คบๅจ่€…่ขซๅพžGrahadiๆŽจๅ›žๅพŒ๏ผŒ้ญๅ—ไบ†ๆ˜Ž้กฏ็š„ๆๅฃžๅ’ŒๆถๅŠซใ€‚ไฝๅฎขๅ ฑๅ‘Š่ชช๏ผŒๅคง็ด„ๅœจๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“1:30๏ผŒไบบ็พค้–‹ๅง‹็”จ็Ÿณ้ ญใ€้‹ช่ทฏ็ฃšใ€ๅžƒๅœพๆกถ็”š่‡ณๆ‹†ไธ‹็š„ไบค้€šๆจ™่ชŒ๏ผŒๅ‘้ฃฏๅบ—็š„็Žป็’ƒๅคงๅปณๆŠ•ๆ“ฒใ€‚้™„่ฟ‘ไธ€ๅ€‹่ญฆๅฏŸๅฑ€็š„่ณ‡็”ข๏ผŒๅฆ‚้›ป่…ฆๅ’Œ่ญฆ็”จ่ƒŒๅฟƒ๏ผŒไนŸ่ขซๆด—ๅŠซ๏ผŒ่ฉฒ่ญฆๅฏŸๅฑ€้šจๅพŒ่ขซ็‡’ๆฏ€ใ€‚ไธ€ๅไฝๅฎขๅ›žๆ†ถ่ชช๏ผŒ้€™็พคไบบไผผไนŽๅคงๅคšๆ˜ฏๅนด่ผ•ไบบ๏ผŒๆœ‰ไบ›ไบบๆ”œๅธถ่‘—klewang๏ผŒไบบ็พคๅœจๆฒฟ่‘—Monkasel่กŒ้€ฒๆ™‚้ซ˜ๅ–Š่‘—ใ€Œcair, cairใ€๏ผˆๅฐๅฐผ่ชžไธญๆธ…็ฎ—็š„ๆ„ๆ€๏ผ‰ใ€‚[169]

็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ๅœจAhmad Yani่ก—ๆขๅพฉ๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…ๆฒฟ่‘—้“่ทฏๅˆ—้šŠ่กŒ้€ฒ๏ผŒ็„ถๅพŒๅœจๆฑ็ˆชๅ“‡ๅœฐๅ€่ญฆๅฏŸๅคงๆจ“ๅ‰ๅŒฏๅˆใ€‚่ฉฒ่กŒๅ‹•ๅœจ็คพ็พคๅช’้ซ”ไธŠไนŸๅ—ๅˆฐ้—œๆณจ๏ผŒๅƒ่ˆ‡่€…ๅœจ็พๅ ดๅ‘ไป–ๅ€‘็š„ๅธณๆˆถ้€ฒ่กŒ็›ดๆ’ญใ€‚ๆ“šๅ ฑๅฐŽ๏ผŒ็”ฑๆ–ผๅ‰ไธ€ๅคฉ็™ผ็”Ÿ็š„้จทไบ‚๏ผŒๅคšๅ€‹ๆดปๅ‹•ๅทฒ่ขซๅ–ๆถˆใ€‚[141] ็คบๅจ็”ฑๆณ—ๆฐดๅœ‹็ซ‹ๅคงๅญธ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšState University of Surabaya๏ผ‰๏ผˆUnesa๏ผ‰็š„ๅญธ็”ŸๅŸท่กŒๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒๅธถ้ ญ๏ผŒๅ…ถๆˆๅ“กๅพžUnesa็š„Ketintangๆ กๅ€ๅ‹•ๅ“ก๏ผŒไธฆๅœจ้Š่กŒ่‡ณๆฑ็ˆชๅ“‡่ญฆๅฏŸๅฑ€ๅคงๆจ“ๅ‰๏ผŒ่š้›†ๅœจSunan Ampelๅœ‹็ซ‹ไผŠๆ–ฏ่˜ญๅคงๅญธใ€‚[170]

ย 
ๆญทๅฒๆ‚ ไน…็š„Grahadi State Buildingโ€‹๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰ไฝๆ–ผๆณ—ๆฐด๏ผŒๅœจ่ขซ็ธฑ็ซไธ€ๅคฉๅพŒ

ไธญๅˆ๏ผŒๆฑ็ˆชๅ“‡็œ้•ท็ง‘่ฒๆณ•ยท่Œต้”ยทๅธ•ๆ‹‰่ฌ่–ฉๅ‘่ทฏไบบๅˆ†็™ผๅŸบๆœฌ้ฃŸๅ“้›œ่ฒจ๏ผŒ[171] ไน‹ๅพŒ็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ๅœจๆ™šไธŠ็งปๅ›žGrahadiใ€‚็ฌฌไบ”่ปๅ€/ๅธƒๆ‹‰็ถญๆŸฅไบžๅˆ†้ƒจ็š„ๆŒ‡ๆฎๅฎ˜ไป‹ๅ…ฅ่ˆ‡็คบๅจ่€…ๅฐ่ฉฑใ€‚[172] ไฝๆ–ผๆณ—ๆฐด็š„Grahadiๅทžๆ”ฟๅบœๅคงๆจ“ๅœจๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“22:00่ขซ็ธฑ็ซใ€‚็ซ็ฝๆ˜ฏๅœจ็คบๅจ่€…ๅ‘ไฝๆ–ผๅคงๆจ“่ฅฟๅด๏ผˆๆˆ–ๅทฆๅด๏ผ‰็š„ๆ–ฐ่žๅฎคๆŠ•ๆ“ฒๆฑฝๆฒนๅฝˆๅ’Œๅ„็จฎๆ‹‹ๅฐ„็‰ฉๅพŒ้–‹ๅง‹็š„๏ผŒๅผ•็™ผ็š„ๅคง็ซ่ฟ…้€Ÿๅžๅ™ฌไบ†่ฉฒ้ƒจๅˆ†๏ผŒ็”š่‡ณ่”“ๅปถๅˆฐๅฑ‹้ ‚ใ€‚ๆฟƒๅŽš็š„้ป‘็…™ๅ……ๆปฟไบ†ๅคฉ้š›็ทš๏ผŒ้ƒจๅˆ†็ตๆง‹่ขซๅžๅ™ฌ๏ผŒๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌ้„ฐ่ฟ‘Trimurti้ซ˜ไธญ็š„ๆ–ฐ่žๅฎคใ€‚ๅŒๆ™‚๏ผŒๆŸฑๅญๅ’Œ้–€ๆŸฑ่ขซๆŽจๅ€’ไธฆ็‡’ๆฏ€๏ผŒ่€Œ้šจ่‘—็คบๅจ่€…ๆถๅŠซ่—่ก“ๅ“ๅ’Œๅ…ถไป–่ฒด้‡็‰ฉๅ“็ญ‰ๅ…ง้ƒจ็‰ฉๅ“๏ผŒๆททไบ‚ๅŠ ๅŠ‡ใ€‚ๅ‘จๅœ็š„ๆจนๆœจไนŸๅœจ้จทไบ‚ไธญ่‘—็ซใ€‚[173][174][175] ๅœจๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“11:06๏ผŒๅœจๅนพ่ผ›่ญฆ็”จๅก่ปŠๅ’Œๆฑฝ่ปŠๅพžTunjungan่ก—ๆ–นๅ‘ๆŠต้”ๅพŒ๏ผŒไบบ็พคๆ•ฃๅŽป๏ผŒ็ตๆŸไบ†ๅœจGrahadiๅทžๆ”ฟๅบœๅคงๆจ“ๅ‰็š„่š้›†๏ผŒ้‚ฃ่ฃก็š„ไบบๅ€‘ๅœจ็ซ็ฝๆœŸ้–“ไธ€็›ดๅพ…ๅˆฐๆทฑๅคœใ€‚[176] ่ขซ็‡’ๆฏ€็š„ๅปบ็ฏ‰ๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌๅ‰ฏ็œ้•ทๅŸƒ็ฑณ็ˆพยท้”็ˆพ้”ๅ…‹็š„ๅฎ˜้‚ธ๏ผŒ่ฉฒไฝๅฎ…ไนŸ่ขซ็คบๅจ่€…ๆด—ๅŠซใ€‚[177]

ๅœจๆฑ็ˆชๅ“‡็š„็‘ช็…๏ผŒ็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ๅ‡็ดš็‚บๆšดๅŠ›๏ผŒๅฐŽ่‡ด16ๅ€‹่ญฆๅฏŸๅด—ไฝ่ขซๆ‘งๆฏ€ใ€‚[178] ็•ถๅฑ€ๆ‹˜็•™ไบ†61ไบบ๏ผŒๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌ21ๅๆœชๆˆๅนดไบบ๏ผŒไธฆ่จˆๅŠƒ้‡‹ๆ”พ้‚ฃไบ›ๆœช็›ดๆŽฅๅƒ่ˆ‡็ ดๅฃž็š„ไบบใ€‚[179]

ๅœจ่ฅฟๅŠชๆฒ™็™ปๅŠ ๆ‹‰็œ้ฆ–ๅบœ้ฆฌๅก”่˜ญ๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…็‡’ๆฏ€ไบ†็œ่ญฐๆœƒๅคงๆจ“ไธฆๆถๅŠซไบ†ๆจ“ๅ…ง็š„่ฒด้‡็‰ฉๅ“ใ€‚[180][181][144] ๅŒ—ๅŠ ๆตชๅฒธใ€[142] ่Œ‰่Ž‰่Šฌใ€[182] ๅ’Œไบ•้‡Œๆฑถ[143]็š„ๅธ‚่ญฐๆœƒไนŸ้ญๅˆฐ็ ดๅฃž๏ผŒBanyumas็š„ไธ€ๅ€‹็ธฃ่พฆๅ…ฌๅฎคไนŸๅ—ๆใ€‚[183]

็ฌฌ11ๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒ็š„ๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“กๅœจ้›ชๆขจ่ขซ็™ผ็พ๏ผŒไธฆๅœจๅœ‹ๅ…ง็คบๅจๆœŸ้–“่ขซไธ€ๅๅฐๅฐผๅญธ็”Ÿ่ณชๅ•ใ€‚่ฉฒๅญธ็”Ÿๅ‘ๅช’้ซ”ๆพ„ๆธ…๏ผŒ่ญฐๅ“กๅ€‘ๆ•…ๆ„้ฟ้–‹ๅญธ็”Ÿ๏ผŒไธฆ่ฃœๅ……่ชชไป–ๅ€‘ๅ–ๆถˆไบ†ๅ‰ๅพ€่—ๅฑฑ็š„่กŒ็จ‹๏ผŒ่€Œ็ฌฌ11ๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒไธปๅธญMukhamad Misbakhunๆ“šๅ ฑๅฐ‡ๅƒๅŠ ้›ชๆขจ้ฆฌๆ‹‰ๆพใ€‚[184] ๆพณๆดฒๅฐๅฐผๅญธ็”Ÿ่ฏๅˆๆœƒ๏ผˆPPIA๏ผ‰่ญด่ฒฌไบ†็ซ‹ๆณ•่€…็š„ใ€Œๅทฅไฝœใ€่จชๅ•ใ€‚[185] MisbakhunๅพŒไพ†ๆพ„ๆธ…ไป–ไธๆœƒๅƒๅŠ ้ฆฌๆ‹‰ๆพ๏ผŒไธฆๆ–ผ8ๆœˆ30ๆ—ฅๅ›žๅœ‹ใ€‚[186]

ๅœจๅธ•ๆœ—ๅกๆ‹‰ไบž๏ผŒๅคšๅ€‹ๅญธ็”Ÿๅ’Œ้’ๅนด็ต„็น”ๅŒ…ๅœไบ†ไธญๅŠ ้‡Œๆ›ผไธนๅœฐๅ€่ญฆๅฏŸ็ธฝ้ƒจ๏ผŒไธฆๅ‘่ฉฒ็œ่ญฆๅฏŸๅฑ€้•ท็™ผๅ‡บๆœ€ๅพŒ้€š็‰’๏ผŒ่ฆๆฑ‚ไป–ๅ‡บไพ†๏ผŒๅฆๅ‰‡ไป–ๅ€‘ๅฐ‡่ก้€ฒๅคงๆจ“ใ€‚้€™ไธ€่ฆๆฑ‚่ขซๅฟฝ่ฆ–๏ผŒๅฐŽ่‡ดๆšดๅ‹•๏ผŒๆ•ธๅๅญธ็”Ÿๅ—ๅ‚ทไธฆไฝ้™ขใ€‚ๅญธ็”Ÿๅ€‘ๆๅˆฐ๏ผŒ่จฑๅคšๅ‚ท่€…่ขซ่ญฆๅฏŸๆฏ†ๆ‰“ๅ’Œ่ธ่ธใ€‚[187][188]

ๅœจๅค้‚ฆ๏ผŒๅญธ็”Ÿๅ€‘่š้›†ๅœจๆฑๅŠชๆฒ™็™ปๅŠ ๆ‹‰็œ่ญฐๆœƒๅคงๆจ“ๅ‰๏ผŒ้ซ˜่ˆ‰ใ€Œ่งฃๆ•ฃๅœ‹ๆœƒใ€๏ผˆBubarkan DPR๏ผ‰ๅ’Œใ€Œ่ญฆๅฏŸๆ˜ฏๅ…‡ๆ‰‹ใ€๏ผˆPolisi Pembunuh๏ผ‰็ญ‰ๆจ™่ชžใ€‚่ฉฒ็œ่ญฆๅฏŸๅฑ€้•ท่ˆ‡็คบๅจ่€…ไปฃ่กจๆœƒ้ข๏ผŒไธฆๆ•ฆไฟƒไป–ๅ€‘ไธ่ฆๅฐ้Ž–ไธป่ฆ่ก—้“ใ€‚็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ๅ’Œๅนณ้€ฒ่กŒใ€‚[189]

ๅœจ้ฆฌๅ‚‘ๅ…ง็ธฃ๏ผŒๅญธ็”Ÿ็คบๅจๅœจๅคœ้–“ๆผ”่ฎŠๆˆๆšดๅ‹•๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…่ฉฆๅœ–็”จ้žญ็‚ฎๅ’Œๆฑฝๆฒนๅฝˆ้ปž็‡ƒ็ธฃ่ญฐๆœƒๅคงๆจ“ใ€‚็คบๅจ่€…ๅœจ็”จๅฎŒๆฑฝๆฒนๅฝˆๅพŒ่ขซๆ“Š้€€๏ผŒ่€Œ่ญฆๆ–นๅ‰‡็”จๅ‚ฌๆณช็“ฆๆ–ฏๅ›žๆ‡‰ใ€‚็ซๅ‹ข่ขซ่ฟ…้€Ÿๆ’ฒๆป…๏ผŒ้˜ฒๆญขไบ†ๅคงๆจ“่ขซ็‡’ๆฏ€ใ€‚[190]

ๅœจๆฑ็ˆชๅ“‡็š„่ฐ็พฉ้‡Œ็ธฃ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšKediri Regency๏ผ‰๏ผŒ็คบๅจๅœจๅคœ้–“ๆผ”่ฎŠๆˆๆšดๅ‹•๏ผŒๅฐŽ่‡ดๆ”ฟๅบœๅปบ็ฏ‰ใ€่พฆๅ…ฌๅฎค่ขซ็„š็‡’๏ผŒ้™„่ฟ‘ไธ€ๅ€‹่ญฆๅฏŸ็ธฝ้ƒจ่ขซ็พค็œพไฝ”้ ˜ใ€‚[191] ๆšดๅ‹•้‚„ไผด้šจ่‘—ๅคง่ฆๆจกๆถๅŠซ๏ผŒๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌๅฐ็•ถๅœฐๆ”ฟๅบœๆ“ๆœ‰็š„Bhagawanta Bhariๅš็‰ฉ้คจ็š„ๆถๅŠซ๏ผŒๅฐŽ่‡ด่จฑๅคš็่ฒด็š„ๆญทๅฒๆ–‡็‰ฉ่ขซ็›œใ€‚[192] ่ฐ็พฉ้‡Œ็ธฃ้•ทHanindhito Himawanๆ‡‡ๆฑ‚็คบๅจ่€…ๆญธ้‚„ๆ–‡็‰ฉ๏ผŒ็จฑๆถๅŠซๅš็‰ฉ้คจๆ˜ฏไธๆฐ็•ถ็š„ใ€‚[193]

8ๆœˆ31ๆ—ฅ

็ผ–่พ‘

ๅคง็ด„ๅœจๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“1:40๏ผŒไธ€็พค็คบๅจ่€…ๅผท่กŒ้€ฒๅ…ฅ่ฒกๆ”ฟ้ƒจ้•ท่‹ฑๅ“่ฏ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšSri Mulyani๏ผ‰ไฝๆ–ผๅ—ไธนๆ ผๆœ—่ณ“ๅก”็พ…ๆ›ผ้”็ˆพ๏ผˆMandar๏ผ‰ๅœฐๅ€็š„ไฝๆ‰€ใ€‚ไบบ็พคๅพžๅฑ‹ๅ…งๆด—ๅŠซไบ†่ฒด้‡็‰ฉๅ“๏ผŒๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌ้›ปๅญ็”ขๅ“ใ€็ ๅฏถใ€ๅปšๅ…ท๏ผŒ็”š่‡ณไธ€ๅ€‹็ฑƒ็ƒๆžถ๏ผŒ้€™ไบ›้ƒฝๅœจ็ถฒไธŠๆตๅ‚ณ็š„ๅฝฑ็‰‡ไธญ่ขซๆ‹ๅˆฐใ€‚[194][195][196][197] ็›ฎๆ“Š่€…็จฑ๏ผŒๆถๅŠซ่กŒๅ‹•ๅ„˜็ฎกไธป่ฆ็”ฑ้’ๅฐ‘ๅนด็ต„ๆˆ๏ผŒๅปๅ‡บๅฅ‡ๅœฐๅ”่ชฟ่‰ฏๅฅฝ๏ผŒๆถๅŠซๆ˜ฏๅœจไธ€่ฒ็…™็ซ็ˆ†็‚ธๅพŒ้–‹ๅง‹็š„ใ€‚[198]

็คบๅจ่€…ไนŸ่š้›†ๅœจไบบๆฐ‘ไปฃ่กจๆœƒ่ญฐ่ญฐ้•ทๅธƒๅฎ‰ยท้ฉฌๅ“ˆๆ‹‰ๅฐผ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšPuan Maharani๏ผ‰ไฝๆ–ผ้“ญ็™ป๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšMenteng๏ผ‰็š„็งไบบไฝๅฎ…ๅ‰ใ€‚็คบๅจ่€…่ฆๆฑ‚ๅธƒๅฎ‰ๅพžๅฅน็š„ไฝๆ‰€ๅ‡บไพ†่ˆ‡็คบๅจ่€…ๆœƒ้ข๏ผŒๅ„˜็ฎก็•ถๆ™‚ๅฅน็š„ไธ‹่ฝไธๆ˜Žใ€‚[199] ๆ นๆ“šๅนพๅฎถ็•ถๅœฐๅช’้ซ”็š„ๅ ฑๅฐŽ๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…่ฉฆๅœ–้—–ๅ…ฅๆ™ฎๅฎ‰ไฝๅฎ…็š„ไผๅœ–่ขซ่ญฆๅฏŸ้ƒจ้šŠๆŒซๆ•—ใ€‚[200][201][202]

ๅœจๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“4:45๏ผŒ็ดๆณ•ยท็ƒ็ˆพๅทด่ตซๅ‰ๅคซๅœจBintaro็š„ไฝๆ‰€ไนŸ่ขซ็คบๅจ่€…ๆด—ๅŠซใ€‚ๅฎˆ่ก›ไฝๆ‰€็š„ไฟๅฎ‰ไบบๅ“กๅฏกไธๆ•ต็œพใ€‚ๆด—ๅŠซๆŒ็บŒไบ†15ๅˆ†้˜๏ผŒไธ€ๅฐๅ†ฐ็ฎฑใ€ๅ็‰Œๆœ้ฃพๅ’Œไธ€ๅฐ้›ป่ฆ–ๆฉŸ่ขซ็›œใ€‚[203] ็คบๅจ่€…่ชคไปฅ็‚บ่ฉฒไฝๆ‰€ๅฑฌๆ–ผๅจœๆณ•ยท็ƒ็ˆพๅทด่ตซ๏ผŒไฝ†ๅฏฆ้š›ไธŠๆ˜ฏๅฅนๅ‰ๅคซZack Lee็งŸ็š„ๆˆฟๅญใ€‚[204]

ๅˆฐไบ†ๆ—ฉไธŠ๏ผŒ้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅœ‹ๆœƒๅคงๅปˆๅค–็š„ๆƒ…ๆณๅทฒ้กฏ่‘—ๅนณ้œใ€‚้˜ฒๆšด่ญฆๅฏŸๅœจGatot Subroto่ก—ๆฒฟ็ทš็š„ๅœ‹ๆœƒๅคงๆจ“ๅ…ฅๅฃ่™•ไฟๆŒ้ซ˜ๅบฆๅฎ‰ๅ…จ่ญฆๆˆ’๏ผŒไฝ†ๅคง่ฆๆจก็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ๅˆฐ้‚ฃๆ™‚ไผผไนŽๅทฒๅคง่‡ดๅนณๆฏใ€‚[205] ๆธ…ๆฝ”ไบบๅ“กๅ’ŒๅŸŽๅธ‚ๅทฅไบบๅ€‘ๆญฃ็ฉๆฅตๆธ…็†ๅ—ๅ…ˆๅ‰้จทไบ‚ๅฝฑ้Ÿฟ็š„่ก—้“๏ผŒๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌSenayanใ€Semanggiๅ’ŒKwitang๏ผŒๅ‹•็”จไบ†่ถ…้Žไธ€ๅƒๅ่ก›็”Ÿไบบๅ“กใ€ๆŽƒ่ทฏ่ปŠใ€ๅžƒๅœพ่ปŠๅ’Œๅ…ฌ็”จ่ปŠ่ผ›๏ผŒไปฅ่ฟ…้€Ÿๆขๅพฉ็งฉๅบใ€‚[206] ่ˆ‡ๆญคๅŒๆ™‚๏ผŒๅฑ…ๆฐ‘ๅ€‘ๆขๅพฉไบ†ไป–ๅ€‘็š„้€ฑๆ—ฅไพ‹่กŒๆดปๅ‹•๏ผš็„ก่ปŠๆ—ฅๅœจJalan M.H. Thamrinๅ’ŒJenderal Sudirmanๆฒฟ็ทšๅฆ‚ๆœŸ่ˆ‰่กŒใ€‚[207][208]

ๅœจๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“12:10๏ผŒ็ธฝ็ตฑๆ™ฎๆ‹‰ๅšๆฒƒยท่˜‡ๆฏ”ๅฎ‰ๆ‰˜ๅฌ้›†ไบ†ๆ”ฟๅบœ่ฏ็›Ÿๅ„้ปจ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšAdvanced Indonesia Coalition๏ผ‰็š„ๆฏไธ€ไฝไธปๅธญๅˆฐๅœ‹ๅฎถๅฎฎ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšIstana Negara (Jakarta)๏ผ‰๏ผŒๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌไบบๆฐ‘ๅ”ๅ•†ๆœƒ่ญฐ่ญฐ้•ท่‰พๅ“ˆ่ฟˆๅพทยท็ฉ†ๆ‰Žๅฐผ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšAhmad Muzani๏ผ‰ใ€‚[209] ็ธฝ็ตฑ้‚„ๅฌ้›†ไบ†ๆ”ฏๆŒ้ปจๆดพ็š„ไธปๅธญ๏ผŒๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌๆข…ๅŠ ็“ฆ่’‚ยท่‹ๅŠ ่ฏบๆ™ฎ็‰นไธฝๅ’Œไบบๆฐ‘ไปฃ่กจๆœƒ่ญฐ่ญฐ้•ทๅธƒๅฎ‰ยท้ฉฌๅ“ˆๆ‹‰ๅฐผ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšPuan Maharani๏ผ‰ใ€‚[210] ้€™ๆฌกๆœƒ่ญฐๅพŒ๏ผŒๆ™ฎๆ‹‰ๅšๆฒƒๅฎฃๅธƒ๏ผŒๅœ‹ๆœƒ้ปจๅœ˜้ ˜่ข–ๅทฒๅŒๆ„ๆ’ค้Šทๆˆฟๅฑ‹ๆดฅ่ฒผ๏ผŒไธฆๆšซๅœๅœ‹ๅค–ๅทฅไฝœ่จชๅ•ใ€‚ไป–้‚„่ฒ็จฑ๏ผŒๆฒ’ๆœ‰ไปปไฝ•ๅ…ท้ซ”่ญ‰ๆ“šๅœฐ่ชช๏ผŒใ€Œๆœ‰็„กๆณ•็„กๅคฉ็š„่ทก่ฑก๏ผŒ็”š่‡ณๆœ‰ๅ›ๅœ‹ๅ’Œๆๆ€–ไธป็พฉ็š„ๆˆๅˆ†ใ€‚ใ€[211] ไป–้‚„่กจ็คบ๏ผŒๆ”ฟๅบœๅฐ‡ๅฐŠ้‡ๅ…ฌๆฐ‘ๆฌŠๅˆฉๅ’Œๆ”ฟๆฒปๆฌŠๅˆฉๅœ‹้š›ๅ…ฌ็ด„็ฌฌ19ๆขๅ’Œใ€Šๅ…ฌ็œพ่กจ้”่‡ช็”ฑๆณ•ใ€‹๏ผˆ1998ๅนด็ฌฌ9่™Ÿๆณ•ๅพ‹๏ผ‰ไธญๆ‰€่ฟฐ็š„่จ€่ซ–่‡ช็”ฑใ€‚[212] ๆ™ฎๆ‹‰ๅšๆฒƒ็š„ๅฎฃๅธƒๅพŒไธไน…๏ผŒๅœ‹้˜ฒ้ƒจ้•ทๅคๅผ—้‡Œยทๅคๅง†่˜‡ไธ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšSjafrie Sjamsoeddin๏ผ‰็™ผ่กจไบ†ไธ€ไปฝๆ–ฐ่ž่ฒๆ˜Ž๏ผŒๅ‘ฝไปค่ญฆๅฏŸๅ’Œๆญฆ่ฃ้ƒจ้šŠๆˆๅ“กๅฐๆถๅŠซๅฎ˜ๅ“กไฝๆ‰€็š„ไบบๆŽกๅ–ๅ …ๆฑบ่กŒๅ‹•ใ€‚[213] ๅŒไธ€ๆ™‚้–“๏ผŒๅ‰ฏ็ธฝ็ตฑๅ‰ไผฏๆœ—ยทๆ‹‰ๅกๅธƒๆ˜Žยทๆ‹‰ๅกๆœƒ่ฆ‹ไบ†ๆ‘ฉๆ‰˜่ปŠๅธๆฉŸ็š„ไปฃ่กจใ€‚[214]

ๅœจๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“็ด„16:30๏ผŒๆ“šๅ ฑๅœจ้›…ๅŠ ้”ไธญๅ€Kramat่ทฏ็š„่ญฆๅฏŸ็ˆ†็‚ธ็‰ฉ่™•็†ๅฐ้šŠ๏ผˆGegana๏ผ‰็ธฝ้ƒจ็™ผ็”Ÿ็ซ็ฝๅ’ŒๆถๅŠซใ€‚ไบ”ไบบ่ขซๆ•๏ผŒไน่ผ›ๆถˆ้˜ฒ่ปŠ่ขซๆดพๅพ€ๆป…็ซใ€‚[215]

้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅœฐๅ€่ญฆๅฏŸ่ญ‰ๅฏฆ๏ผŒๆ นๆ“š็ธฝ็ตฑ็š„็›ดๆŽฅๅ‘ฝไปค๏ผŒๅฐ‡้€ฒ่กŒๅคง่ฆๆจก็š„ๅ…จๅธ‚ๅคœ้–“ๅทก้‚๏ผŒไปฅ้˜ฒๆญข้€ฒไธ€ๆญฅ็š„็„กๆ”ฟๅบœ่กŒ็‚บใ€‚ๆญค่กŒๅ‹•ๅฐ‡ๅพ—ๅˆฐ่ปๆ–นไปฅๅŠๅœฐๅ€ๆ”ฟๅบœ็š„ๆ”ฏๆŒใ€‚[216]

ๅœจ่ฅฟ่˜‡ๆ‹‰ๅจ่ฅฟ็œ้ฆฌ็ฉ†ๆœฑ๏ผŒๅญธ็”Ÿๅœจ้ฆฌ็ฉ†ๆœฑ็ธฃๅ’Œ่ฅฟ่˜‡ๆ‹‰ๅจ่ฅฟ็œ่ญฐๆœƒๅคงๆจ“ๅ‰่ˆ‰่กŒ็š„็คบๅจๆผ”่ฎŠๆˆๆšดๅ‹•ใ€‚ๅญธ็”Ÿๅ€‘่ขซ็œ‹ๅˆฐๆ”œๅธถ่‘—่ˆ‡่‰ๅธฝๆตท่ณŠๅœ˜็š„้ชท้ซ้ ญๆ——๏ผˆ่ฟ‘ๆœŸๅฐๅฐผๅๅฐๆดพ็š„ไธ€ๅ€‹็ชๅ‡บ่ฑกๅพต๏ผ‰็ถๅœจไธ€่ตท็š„ๅฐๅฐผๅœ‹ๆ——ใ€‚ๅญธ็”Ÿๅ€‘่ฉฆๅœ–่ก้€ฒๅคงๆจ“๏ผŒ่ญฆๆ–นๅ‰‡ไปฅๅ‚ฌๆณช็“ฆๆ–ฏๅ›žๆ‡‰ใ€‚[217]

9ๆœˆ1ๆ—ฅ

็ผ–่พ‘

็‚บๅ› ๆ‡‰ๆ‘ฉๆ‰˜่ปŠ่จˆ็จ‹่ปŠๅธๆฉŸ่จˆ็•ซๅœจๅœ‹ๆœƒๅคงๅปˆๅ‰่ˆ‰่กŒ็š„ๆŠ—่ญฐ[218]๏ผŒ้›…ๅŠ ้”่ญฆๆ–น้ƒจ็ฝฒไบ†5,369ๅ่ญฆๅŠ›็œ‹ๅฎˆๅœ‹ๆœƒๅคงๅปˆใ€‚[219] ๅญธ็”Ÿ็ต„็น”ๅ’Œๅ…ฌๆฐ‘็คพๆœƒๅœ˜้ซ”ๅœจๅœ‹ๆœƒๅคงๅปˆๆญฃ้–€ๅ‰้€ฒ่กŒไบ†ๅฐ่ฆๆจก็š„ๆŠ—่ญฐ[220]๏ผŒ่€Œๅœ‹ๆœƒๅคงๅปˆ็š„ๅพŒ้–€ๅ‰‡ๅคง่‡ด็ฉบ็„กไธ€ไบบใ€‚[221] ๆŠ—่ญฐๆดปๅ‹•ๅคง่‡ดๅ’Œๅนณ๏ผŒๅญธ็”Ÿ็คบๅจ่€…ๅฐ‡ๆŠ—่ญฐ็š„็Ÿ›้ ญๆŒ‡ๅ‘ๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“ก่€Œ้ž่ญฆๅฏŸใ€‚[222] ๅŽŸๆœฌ่จˆ็•ซๅƒๅŠ ๆŠ—่ญฐ็š„ใ€Œๅ…จๅฐๅฐผๅญธ็”ŸๅŸท่กŒๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒ่ฏ็›Ÿใ€๏ผˆBEM SI๏ผ‰ๅ› ๅฎ‰ๅ…จ่€ƒ้‡ๅ–ๆถˆไบ†่กŒๅ‹•ใ€‚[223][224] ๅˆฐไบ†่ฅฟ้ƒจๅฐๅฐผๆ™‚้–“๏ผˆWIB๏ผ‰ๆ™šไธŠ6้ปž๏ผŒๅคง้ƒจๅˆ†ๆŠ—่ญฐ่€…ๅทฒ็ถ“ๆ’ค้›ข่ฉฒๅœฐๅ€ใ€‚[225]

ไบบๆฐ‘ไปฃ่กจๆœƒ่ญฐ๏ผˆๅœ‹ๆœƒ๏ผ‰่ญฐๅ“ก่ฟ”ๅ›žๅทฅไฝœๅด—ไฝ๏ผŒ็ฌฌไธ€ๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒ่ˆ‡ๅฐๅฐผๅœ‹ๆฐ‘่ปๅฐฑๅ…ถๅœ‹ๅฎถ้ ็ฎ—้ƒจๅˆ†่ˆ‰่กŒไบ†ๅทฅไฝœๆœƒ่ญฐใ€‚[226] ๅœ‹ๆœƒ้‚„่จˆ็•ซๅฌ้–‹ๅœ‹ๆœƒ็ซ‹ๆณ•ๆฉŸๆง‹ๆœƒ่ญฐ๏ผŒ่ญฐ็จ‹ๆ˜ฏ่ตท่‰ใ€Šๅฎถไบ‹ๅทฅไฝœ่€…ไฟ่ญทๆณ•ใ€‹่‰ๆกˆ๏ผˆRUU PPRT๏ผ‰ใ€‚[227] ๅฐๅฐผ้™ธ่ปๅƒ่ฌ€้•ท้ฆฌ้ญฏ้‡Œยท่ฅฟๆ›ผ็“Šๅก”ๅ…‹๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšMaruli Simanjuntak๏ผ‰่กจ็คบ๏ผŒ็”ฑๆ–ผๅ‰ไธ€ๅคฉ็š„็ถญๅฎ‰ๆŽชๆ–ฝๅŸท่กŒๅพ—็•ถ๏ผŒๅฑ€ๅ‹ข็พๅทฒๅนณ้œไธ‹ไพ†ใ€‚[228]

ๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“ก่ณฝ็พฉๅพทยท้˜ฟๅœๆœๆ‹‰ๅฎฃๅธƒ๏ผŒๅ–ๆถˆๆดฅ่ฒผ่ชฟๆผฒ็š„่จˆ็•ซๅทฒๆไบค็ตฆๅœ‹ๆœƒๅ…งๅ‹™ๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒ่จŽ่ซ–ใ€‚้˜ฟๅœๆœๆ‹‰่กจ็คบ๏ผŒๅœ‹ๆœƒๆดฅ่ฒผใ€Œ็ต•ๅฐใ€ๆœƒ่ขซๅปข้™ค๏ผŒไฝ†ๆœช้€้œฒ้™คๆญคไน‹ๅค–้‚„ๆœƒๅ–ๆถˆๅ“ชไบ›ๅ…ถไป–็ฆๅˆฉใ€‚[229]

้›…ๅŠ ้”ไปฅๅค–ๅœฐๅ€

็ผ–่พ‘
่ญฆๅฏŸ้€ฒๅ…ฅ่ฌ้š†ไผŠๆ–ฏ่˜ญๅคงๅญธ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšBandung Islamic University๏ผ‰ไฝๆ–ผ่ฌ้š†ๅก”ๆ›ผ็ด—้บ—็š„ๆ กๅ€ใ€‚ๆ“šๅ ฑๅฐŽ๏ผŒๅญธ็”Ÿๆ›พ่ฉฆๅœ–ๅœจๆ กๅœ’ๅปบ็ฏ‰ๅ…ง่จญ็ฝฎ่ทฏ้šœ่‡ช่ก›ใ€‚[230]
ๆฉŸๅ‹•ๆ—…็š„่ฃ็”ฒ้‹ๅ…ต่ปŠ๏ผˆAPC๏ผ‰ๅฐ้Ž–ไบ†่ฌ้š†ๅก”ๆ›ผ็ด—้บ—ๆ กๅ€็š„ไธ€ๅ€‹ๅ…ฅๅฃใ€‚

9ๆœˆ1ๆ—ฅ๏ผŒ16ๆญฒ็š„ๅญธ็”Ÿๅฎ‰่ฟชๅกยท็›ง็‰น่ฒยทๅ“ˆๆก‘๏ผˆAndika Lutfi Hasan๏ผ‰ๅœจ้†ซ้™ขๅŽปไธ–ใ€‚ไป–ๆ–ผ8ๆœˆ28ๆ—ฅๅœจๅ”ๆ ผๆœ—ๅƒๅŠ ็คบๅจๆ™‚ๅ—้‡ๅ‚ท๏ผŒๆ˜่ฟทไบ†ไธ‰ๅคฉใ€‚[231] ๅ”ๆ ผๆœ—ๅœฐๅ€่ญฆๅฏŸๅฑ€้•ท่ญ‰ๅฏฆไบ†ไป–็š„ๆญป่จŠใ€‚[232]

ๆ•ธ็™พๅ้šธๅฑฌๆ–ผใ€Œ็ฉ†็ฝ•้ป˜่ฟชไบžๅญธ็”Ÿๅ”ๆœƒใ€๏ผˆIMM๏ผ‰ๅ’Œใ€Œ็ฉ†็ฝ•้ป˜่ฟชไบžๅคงๅญธ่ฉฉ้ƒฝ้˜ฟไฝๅˆ†ๆ กๅญธ็”ŸๅŸท่กŒๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒใ€็š„ๅญธ็”Ÿ๏ผŒๅœจ่ฉฉ้ƒฝ้˜ฟไฝๅธ‚่ญฆๅฏŸ็ธฝ้ƒจๅค–็ต„็น”ไบ†ไธ€ๅ ดๅ’Œๅนณ็คบๅจใ€‚็•ถๅฑ€็‚บๆ‡‰ๅฐๆŠ—่ญฐ๏ผŒ้ ๅ…ˆๆบ–ๅ‚™ไบ†็ด„700ๅ็ถญๅฎ‰ไบบๅ“ก๏ผŒๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌ่ญฆๅฏŸใ€่ปไบบๅ’Œๅธ‚ๆ”ฟๅฎ˜ๅ“กใ€‚[233] ็คบๅจ้Ž็จ‹ๅ’Œๅนณ๏ผŒๆœ€ๅพŒไปฅ้›†้ซ”็ฅˆ็ฆฑใ€ๅ…ฑ้คๅ’Œ็‚บ็•ถๅœฐ็คพๅ€่ˆ‰่พฆ็š„็คพๆœƒๆœๅ‹™ๆดปๅ‹•็ตๆŸใ€‚้€™ๆฌก็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•็ฒๅพ—ไบ†่ฉฉ้ƒฝ้˜ฟไฝ็ธฃ้•ทSubandi็š„ๆญฃ้ข่ฉ•ๅƒนใ€‚[234][235][236]

ๅœจ่Œ‚็‰ฉ๏ผŒไธ€ๅ€‹็”ฑๅ…ฌๆฐ‘็คพๆœƒๅ’Œไพ†่‡ชใ€Œ่Œ‚็‰ฉCipayung Plusใ€็š„ๅญธ็”Ÿ็ต„ๆˆ็š„ๅœ˜้ซ”๏ผŒๅœจไธญ่Œ‚็‰ฉ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšCentral Bogor๏ผ‰็š„่˜‡่ฟชๆ›ผ่ทฏไธŠ่ˆ‰่กŒไบ†ไธ€ๅ ดๅ็‚บใ€Œๆฐ‘ไธปๅๆ€ใ€็š„็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ใ€‚็พค็œพๅœจ่Œ‚็‰ฉ่กŒๅฎซ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšBogor Palace๏ผ‰ๅ‰็™ผ่กจๆผ”่ชช๏ผŒๆๅ‡บๅคš้ …่จดๆฑ‚ใ€‚ๅœจ็คบๅจไธญ๏ผŒไป–ๅ€‘ๅผท่ชฟไบ†็•ถๅ‰็š„็ถ“ๆฟŸๅ’Œๆ”ฟๆฒปๅฑๆฉŸ๏ผŒไธฆๆŒ‡ๅ‡บๆฌŠๅŠ›็š„่กŒไฝฟๆ–นๅผ่ถŠไพ†่ถŠ่„ซ้›ขไบบๆฐ‘ใ€‚ไป–ๅ€‘ไนŸๆ‰น่ฉ•็•ถๅฑ€ๅ‚ฒๆ…ข็š„ๆ…‹ๅบฆๅ’Œ้Žฎๅฃ“่กŒๅ‹•๏ผŒๆญฃๆ˜ฏ้€™ไบ›่กŒๅ‹•ๅฐŽ่‡ดไบ†ไธ€ๅ้›…ๅŠ ้”็š„็ถฒ่ทฏๆ‘ฉๆ‰˜่ปŠ่จˆ็จ‹่ปŠๅธๆฉŸๆญปไบกใ€‚็•ถๅฑ€้ƒจ็ฝฒไบ†ไธƒ็™พๅ็ถญๅฎ‰ไบบๅ“ก็›ฃ็ฎก็คบๅจ๏ผŒๆดปๅ‹•้Ž็จ‹ๅ’Œๅนณ๏ผŒ็›ดๅˆฐๅ‚ๆ™š็ตๆŸใ€‚[237]

ย 
ๅœจๆ—ฅๆƒน็š„้ฆฌๅŠ›ๆญๆณข็พ…่ก—ไธŠ็š„็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•

ๅœจๆ—ฅๆƒน๏ผŒไธ€ๅ ด้œๅๆŠ—่ญฐๅœจๅŠ ๆœญ้ฆฌ้”ๅคงๅญธ็š„ๅœ“็’ฐ่ˆ‰่กŒ๏ผŒๆŠ—่ญฐ่€…็‚บ้˜ฟๅ‡กยทๅบซๅฐผไบž่ฌ๏ผˆAffan Kurniawan๏ผ‰ๅ’Œ้›ทๆ‰Žยทๆฃฎ่ฟชยทๆ™ฎๆ‹‰ๅก”็‘ช๏ผˆRheza Sendy Pratama๏ผ‰็š„ๆญปไบกๅฐ‹ๆฑ‚ๆญฃ็พฉใ€‚[238] ๆŠ—่ญฐ่€…้›†็ตไบ†ๅคง็ด„ๅ…ฉๅฐๆ™‚ๅพŒๅ’Œๅนณๆ•ฃๅŽป[239][240]๏ผŒๆ™‚้–“็ด„็‚บ่ฅฟ้ƒจๅฐๅฐผๆ™‚้–“ไธ‹ๅˆ2้ปžใ€‚[241] ๅœจๅ‹ฟๅŠ ๆณ—ไนŸ่ˆ‰่กŒไบ†้กžไผผ็š„้œๅๆŠ—่ญฐ๏ผŒๆŠ—่ญฐ่€…ๆœƒ่ฆ‹ไบ†ๅธ‚้•ทๅ’Œๅธ‚่ญฐๆœƒ่ญฐ้•ท๏ผŒ่กจ้”ไบ†ไป–ๅ€‘็š„่ฆๆฑ‚ใ€‚[242]

ๅœจๆฑๅŠ ้‡Œๆ›ผไธน็š„ๆฒ™้ฆฌๆž—้”๏ผŒ22ๅไพ†่‡ช็ฉ†ๆ‹‰็“ฆ็ˆพๆ›ผๅคงๅญธ็š„ๅญธ็”Ÿๅ› ๆถ‰ๅซŒๆบ–ๅ‚™ๆฑฝๆฒนๅฝˆไธฆ่จˆๅŠƒ้‹ๅพ€่‡ช8ๆœˆ30ๆ—ฅไปฅไพ†ๆŒ็บŒ้€ฒ่กŒ็š„ๆŠ—่ญฐๅœฐ้ปž่€Œ่ขซๆ•ใ€‚ๅ…ถไธญๅๅ…ซไบบๅ› ่ขซ่ญ‰ๅฏฆๆœชๆถ‰ๆกˆ่€Œ็ซ‹ๅณ็ฒ้‡‹ใ€‚[243] 9ๆœˆ1ๆ—ฅ๏ผŒๆฑๅŠ ้‡Œๆ›ผไธน็š„ๆŠ—่ญฐๆดปๅ‹•ๅ‡็ดš๏ผŒๅœจๆฒ™้ฆฌๆž—้”ๅ’Œๅบซๅฐๅกๅก”ๅ…งๅŠ ๆ‹‰็ธฃ๏ผŒๆ•ธๅƒๅๅญธ็”Ÿๅœจไธ€ๅ€‹ๅ็‚บใ€Œ้ฆฌๅ“ˆakam่ฏ็›Ÿใ€็š„ๅ‚˜็‹€็ต„็น”ไธ‹๏ผŒๅ‘ๆ”ฟๅบœๅคงๆจ“้€ฒ่กŒ้•ทๅพใ€‚[244][245] ๆฑๅŠ ้‡Œๆ›ผไธน็œ่ญฐๆœƒ่ญฐ้•ท่ˆ‡ๆฒ™้ฆฌๆž—้”็š„ๅญธ็”Ÿๆœƒ้ข้€ฒ่กŒ่ซ‡ๅˆคไปฅๅนณๆฏๅฑ€ๅ‹ข๏ผŒไฝ†ๅœจๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“ก่ฟ”ๅ›žๅคงๆจ“ๅพŒ๏ผŒๆŠ—่ญฐๆดปๅ‹•ๆƒกๅŒ–ใ€‚[246] ๅญธ็”Ÿ็š„่จดๆฑ‚ๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌ้€š้Žๅคš้ …้•ทๆœŸๅœๆปฏ็š„ๆณ•ๆกˆ๏ผŒๅฆ‚ใ€Š่ณ‡็”ขๆฒ’ๆ”ถๆณ•ใ€‹ใ€ใ€Šๅฎถไบ‹ๅทฅไฝœ่€…ไฟ่ญทๆณ•ใ€‹ๅ’Œใ€ŠๅŽŸไฝๆฐ‘ๆ—ๆณ•ใ€‹๏ผŒไธฆ่ฆๆฑ‚ๆ้ซ˜ๆ•™ๅธซๅ’Œ่ฌ›ๅธซ็š„่–ช่ณ‡ใ€‚[247]

ๅœจๅŒ—ๅŠ ้‡Œๆ›ผไธน็š„ๆ‰“ๆ‹‰ๆ น๏ผŒๆ•ธๅƒๅ้šธๅฑฌๆ–ผๅ‚˜็‹€็ต„็น”ใ€ŒๅŒ—ๆ–น่ฏ็›Ÿใ€๏ผˆAliansi Utara๏ผ‰็š„ๅคงๅญธ็”Ÿ่š้›†ๅœจๆ‰“ๆ‹‰ๆ นๅธ‚่ญฐๆœƒๅคงๆจ“ๅ‰ใ€‚[248] ๅญธ็”Ÿ่ฆๆฑ‚ๅธ‚่ญฐๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“ก่ˆ‡่ฉฒๅœฐๅ€ๅœจๅœ‹ๅฎถ่ญฐๆœƒ๏ผˆDPR๏ผ‰็š„ไปฃ่กจ้€ฒ่กŒ่ฆ–่จŠ้€š่ฉฑ๏ผŒๅธ‚่ญฐๆœƒ่ญฐ้•ทๅฐๆญค่กจ็คบๅŒๆ„ใ€‚็•ถๆŠ—่ญฐๆผ”่ฎŠๆˆๆšดๅ‹•ๆ™‚๏ผŒ้€้Ž่ฆ–่จŠ้€š่ฉฑ้€ฒ่กŒ็š„่ซ‡ๅˆค่ขซ่ฟซไธญๆ–ทใ€‚[249] ๅธ‚่ญฐๆœƒๅ’Œๅธ‚่ญฆๅฏŸๅฑ€ๅพŒไพ†ๅŒๆ„็ฐฝ็ฝฒไธ€ไปฝไฟกๅ‡ฝ๏ผŒ่กจ็คบไป–ๅ€‘ๅŒๆ„ๅญธ็”Ÿ็š„่จดๆฑ‚ใ€‚[250]

ๅœจๅŒ—้ฆฌ้ญฏๅค็š„ๅพท้‚ฃ็ฌฌ๏ผŒๅญธ็”Ÿ่ˆ‰่กŒ็š„ๆŠ—่ญฐๆผ”่ฎŠๆˆๆšดๅ‹•๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…่ฉฆๅœ–ๆŽจ้–‹่ญฆๅฏŸไธฆ้—–ๅ…ฅๅธ‚่ญฐๆœƒๅคงๆจ“ใ€‚่ญฆๆ–นไปฅๅ‚ฌๆณช็“ฆๆ–ฏๅ›žๆ‡‰๏ผŒๅฐŽ่‡ด็š„ๆšดๅ‹•ไธญๆœ‰16ไบบ่ขซๆ•๏ผŒๅ…ถไธญๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌๅ…ฉๅๆœชๆˆๅนดไบบใ€‚[251][252] ่ก็ช้ŽๅพŒ๏ผŒๆœ‰ไธ‰ๅ่ญฆๅฏŸๅ—ๅ‚ทใ€‚[253] ่ˆ‡ๆญคๅŒๆ™‚๏ผŒๅœจ้„ฐ่ฟ‘็š„่’‚ๅคš้›ท๏ผŒ้‡ๅฐ่ญฆๅฏŸๆšดๅŠ›ๆกˆไปถ่ฆๆฑ‚่ญฆๅฏŸๅฑ€้•ท่พญ่ท็š„ๆŠ—่ญฐๆดปๅ‹•ๅœจๅธ‚่ญฆๅฏŸๅฑ€ๅคงๆจ“ๅ‰ๅ’Œๅนณ่ˆ‰่กŒใ€‚[254]

ๅœจๆฑๅ—่˜‡ๆ‹‰ๅจ่ฅฟ็š„ๅทดๅ‹™ๅทดๅ‹™๏ผŒไธป่ฆ็”ฑๅญธ็”Ÿ็ต„ๆˆ็š„ๆŠ—่ญฐๆดปๅ‹•ๆๅ‡บไบ†ๅ…ฉ็ต„ใ€Œไธ‰้ …่จดๆฑ‚ใ€๏ผˆTritura๏ผ‰๏ผŒไธ€็ต„ๆ˜ฏๅ…จๅœ‹ๆ€ง็š„๏ผŒไธ€็ต„ๆ˜ฏๅœฐๆ–นๆ€ง็š„ใ€‚ๅ…จๅœ‹ๆ€ง็š„่จดๆฑ‚ๆ˜ฏ๏ผšๆ”น้ฉ่ญฆๅฏŸๆฉŸๆง‹ใ€้€š้Ž่ฆๆฑ‚ๆ›ด้ซ˜่ณ‡ๆ ผๆˆ็‚บๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“ก็š„ๆณ•่ฆ๏ผŒไปฅๅŠ้€š้Žใ€Š่ณ‡็”ขๆฒ’ๆ”ถๆณ•ใ€‹ใ€‚ๅœฐๆ–นๆ€ง็š„่จดๆฑ‚ๅ‰‡ๆ˜ฏ๏ผšๆ•ฆไฟƒๅœฐๆ–น่ญฐๆœƒๅ’Œๆ”ฟๅบœๆฉŸๆง‹ๆ”ฏๆŒๅ…จๅœ‹ๆ€ง่จดๆฑ‚ใ€่งฃๆฑบๆ‰€่ฌ‚็š„็จ…ๅ‹™้ป‘ๆ‰‹้ปจๆกˆไปถไธฆๅขžๅŠ ๅœฐๆ–นๆ”ฟๅบœๆ”ถๅ…ฅใ€ไปฅๅŠๆ•ฆไฟƒๅธ‚ๆ”ฟๅบœๅฏฆๆ–ฝๅ…่ฒปๆ•™่‚ฒไธฆ้™ไฝŽๅŸบๆœฌ้ฃŸๅ“ๅƒนๆ ผใ€‚[255] ่ฉฒๆŠ—่ญฐๆดปๅ‹•ๅ’Œๅนณ้€ฒ่กŒใ€‚[256]

ๅœจๅค่พฒๆ–ฏๆ‰˜ๅˆฉ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšGunungsitoli๏ผ‰๏ผŒ็ฉ†ๆ–ฏๆž—ๅญธ็”Ÿ่ฏ็›Ÿๅ’ŒๅฐๅฐผๅŸบ็ฃๆ•™ๅญธ็”Ÿ้‹ๅ‹•๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšIndonesian Christian Student Movement๏ผ‰็ญ‰ๅญธ็”Ÿ็ต„็น”ไนŸ่ˆ‰่กŒไบ†้กžไผผ็š„ๆŠ—่ญฐๆดปๅ‹•๏ผŒๆๅ‡บไบ†็›ธไผผ็š„่จดๆฑ‚๏ผŒไพ‹ๅฆ‚่ฆๆฑ‚่ญฆๅฏŸๆ”น้ฉๅ’Œๅ–ๆถˆๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“ก็š„ๆดฅ่ฒผใ€‚้›–็„ถๆŠ—่ญฐๅ’Œๅนณ้€ฒ่กŒ๏ผŒไฝ†ๆ“šๅ ฑๅฐŽ๏ผŒ็พๅ ดๆฐฃๆฐ›ๆฏ”่ฉฒๅธ‚ๅนณๆ™‚็š„็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ๆ›ด็‚บ็ทŠๅผต๏ผŒๆœ‰ๆ•ธๅ่ปไบบๅ’Œ่ญฆๅฏŸๅฎˆ่ก›่‘—ๅœฐๆ–น่ญฐๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“กใ€‚ๆŠ—่ญฐ่€…ๆœ€็ต‚ๅœจ็จๆ™šๆ™‚ๅˆ†ๆ•ฃๅŽปใ€‚[257]

ๅœจ้ฆฌ้ญฏๅค็š„ๅฎ‰ๆฑถ๏ผŒๅ…ฉๅ€‹ๅญธ็”Ÿ่ฏ็›Ÿๅœ˜้ซ”ๅœจ้ฆฌ้ญฏๅค็œ่ญฐๆœƒๅ‰่ˆ‰่กŒไบ†ๆŠ—่ญฐใ€‚ไธ€ๅ€‹ๆ˜ฏใ€Œ้ฆฌ้ญฏๅคไบบๆฐ‘่ฏ็›Ÿใ€๏ผˆAliansi Masyarakat Maluku๏ผ‰๏ผŒ็”ฑๅ…จๅฎ‰ๆฑถๅญธ็”ŸๅŸท่กŒๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒใ€ๅฎ‰ๆฑถ็ฉ†ๆ–ฏๆž—ๅญธ็”Ÿๅ”ๆœƒๅ’Œๅฐๅฐผ็ฉ†ๆ–ฏๆž—ๅญธ็”Ÿ้‹ๅ‹•็ต„ๆˆ๏ผ›ๅฆไธ€ๅ€‹ๆ˜ฏใ€ŒCipayung่ฏ็›Ÿใ€๏ผŒ็”ฑๅฐๅฐผๅ…จๅœ‹้’ๅนดๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒใ€ๅฐๅฐผๆฐ‘ๆ—ๅญธ็”Ÿ้‹ๅ‹•๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšIndonesian National Student Movement๏ผ‰ใ€็ฉ†็ฝ•้ป˜่ฟชไบžๅญธ็”Ÿๅ”ๆœƒใ€ๅฐๅฐผๅŸบ็ฃๆ•™ๅญธ็”Ÿ้‹ๅ‹•ๅ’Œๅฐๅฐผ็ฉ†ๆ–ฏๆž—ๅญธ็”Ÿ่กŒๅ‹•่ฏ็›Ÿ็ต„ๆˆใ€‚ๅ…ฉๅ€‹ๅญธ็”Ÿ่ฏ็›Ÿ็š„ๆผ”่ฌ›่€…ๅคง็ด„ๅœจๅŒไธ€ๆ™‚้–“ๅ‘ๅœจๅ ด็š„่ญฐๆœƒๆˆๅ“ก็™ผ่กจๆผ”่ชชใ€‚็„ถ่€Œ๏ผŒๅ„˜็ฎกๅ…ฉๅ€‹ๅœ˜้ซ”ๆๅ‡บ็š„่จดๆฑ‚็›ธไผผ๏ผŒไฝ†้ฆฌ้ญฏๅคไบบๆฐ‘่ฏ็›Ÿๆ‰“ๆ–ทไบ†Cipayung่ฏ็›Ÿ็š„ๆผ”่ชช๏ผŒไธฆ่ฆๆฑ‚ไป–ๅ€‘ๅœๆญข่“‹้Ž่‡ชๅทฑ็š„่ฒ้Ÿณใ€‚ๅ…ฉๅ€‹่ฏ็›Ÿไน‹้–“็š„็ทŠๅผต้—œไฟ‚ๅ‡็ดš็‚บ้ฌฅๆฏ†๏ผŒ่ขซๅคพๅœจไธญ้–“็š„่ญฐๆœƒๆˆๅ“กๅ‰‡่ถไบ‚้€ƒ้›ขใ€‚[258] ๆญคๅค–๏ผŒไธ€ไบ›ไพ†่‡ช้ฆฌ้ญฏๅคไบบๆฐ‘่ฏ็›Ÿ็š„ๅญธ็”ŸๆŒ‡่ฒฌๅฐๆ–นๆ”ถๅ—ๆ”ฟๅบœ่ณ„่ณ‚ๆ‰ไธๆŠ—่ญฐ๏ผŒไธฆ่ฒ็จฑ่‡ชๅทฑ็š„ๅ‹•ๆฉŸๆ›ด็‚บ็ด”ๆญฃใ€‚้™„่ฟ‘็š„็ถญๅฎ‰้ƒจ้šŠ็ซ‹ๅณ่ฉฆๅœ–ๅฐ‡ๅ…ฉ็ต„ไบบๅˆ†้–‹๏ผŒ่ญฆๆ–นๅ‰‡่ฆๆฑ‚ไป–ๅ€‘่ผชๆต็™ผ่กจๆผ”่ชชใ€‚[259] ๆœ€ๅพŒ๏ผŒ่ญฐๆœƒ็ฐฝ็ฝฒไบ†ๆŠ—่ญฐ่€…็š„่จดๆฑ‚๏ผŒๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌ้‡‹ๆ”พๅ…ฉๅๅ› ๆŠ—่ญฐ่ฉฒๅœฐๅ€ๆŽก็คฆๆฅญ่€Œ่ขซๆ•็š„็’ฐไฟๆดปๅ‹•ไบบๅฃซใ€‚[260][261]

ๅœจๅ—่˜‡ๆ‹‰ๅจ่ฅฟ็š„ๅธ•ๆด›ๆณข๏ผŒๅญธ็”ŸๆŠ—่ญฐ่€…่ฆๆฑ‚่ˆ‡ๅธ‚่ญฐๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“กๆœƒ้ขใ€‚ๅœจๆฒ’ๆœ‰่ญฐๅ“ก้ก˜ๆ„ๅ‡บ้ขๆœƒ่ฆ‹ๆŠ—่ญฐ่€…ๅพŒ๏ผŒ็คบๅจๆผ”่ฎŠๆˆๆšดๅ‹•ใ€‚ๆŠ—่ญฐ่€…ๅผท่กŒ้—–ๅ…ฅไธฆ็ ดๅฃžไบ†่ญฐๆœƒๅคงๆจ“๏ผŒ่ญฆๆ–นๅ‰‡ไปฅๅ‚ฌๆณช็“ฆๆ–ฏๅ›žๆ‡‰ใ€‚ๆŠ—่ญฐ่€…้—–ๅ…ฅๅ…จ้ซ”ๆœƒ่ญฐๅปณ๏ผŒๆ‘งๆฏ€ไบ†ๅ…ง้ƒจ็š„ๆกŒๆค…๏ผŒไธฆๅ‘่ญฆๆ–นๆŠ•ๆ“ฒ็ŸณๅกŠใ€‚[262] ๆ•ธๅ่ญฆๅฏŸๅ’Œไธ€ๅ่จ˜่€…ๅ—ๅ‚ทใ€‚[263]

ๅœจๆขญ็พ…๏ผŒไพ†่‡ชไธ‰ไธ€ไธ€ๅคงๅญธใ€็ฉ†็ฝ•้ป˜่ฟชไบžๆขญ็พ…ๅคงๅญธๅ’Œใ€ŒUIN Raden Mas Said Surakartaใ€็ญ‰ๆ ก็š„ๅญธ็”Ÿ๏ผŒไปฅใ€Œๅคงๆขญ็พ…ๆŽง่จดใ€๏ผˆSolo Raya Menggugat๏ผ‰็‚บๅ๏ผŒๅœจๆขญ็พ…ๅœฐๆ–น่ญฐๆœƒ๏ผˆDPRD๏ผ‰ๅคงๆจ“ๅ‰่ˆ‰่กŒไบ†ๅ’Œๅนณ็คบๅจใ€‚ๆŠ—่ญฐๆดปๅ‹•ๆ–ผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๅฐๅฐผๆ™‚้–“ไธ‹ๅˆ็ด„1้ปž้–‹ๅง‹๏ผŒๅƒ่ˆ‡่€…ๆๅ‡บ็š„่จดๆฑ‚ๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌ้‡‹ๆ”พ่ขซๆ‹˜็•™็š„็คบๅจ่€…ใ€่ฟฝ็ฉถๅœ‹ๅฎถๆšดๅŠ›่ฒฌไปปใ€้€ฒ่กŒ่ญฆๅฏŸๆ”น้ฉ๏ผŒไปฅๅŠๅ–ๆถˆๆœ‰ๅ•้กŒ็š„ๆณ•ๆกˆใ€‚ๆ•ดๅ€‹ไธ‹ๅˆ๏ผŒ็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ๅนณ้œ้€ฒ่กŒ๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…ๅœจๅœฐๆ–น่ญฐๆœƒๅœฐ้ปž้›†็ต๏ผŒ่‡ณๅ‚ๆ™šๆ™‚ๅ’Œๅนณๆ•ฃๅŽป๏ผŒๆœช็™ผ็”Ÿไปปไฝ•ไบ‹ไปถใ€‚[264][265]

17+8่จดๆฑ‚

็ผ–่พ‘

9ๆœˆ1ๆ—ฅ๏ผŒๅคšไฝ็คพ็พคๅช’้ซ”ๅไบบ็™ผๅธƒไบ†ใ€Œ17+8่จดๆฑ‚ใ€๏ผŒๅ…ถไธญๅˆ—ๅ‡บไบ†้‡ๅฐไธๅŒๆ”ฟๅบœๆฉŸๆง‹็š„25้ …่ฆๆฑ‚ใ€‚[266] ้€™ไบ›่จดๆฑ‚ๆ˜ฏ็ถœๅˆไบ†211้ …ไพ†่‡ชๅ…ฌๆฐ‘็ต„็น”ใ€ๅญธ่ก“็•Œๅ’Œๅทฅๆœƒ็š„ไธๅŒ่จดๆฑ‚ๅพŒ๏ผŒ็”ฑๅ…ฌ็œพไบบ็‰ฉ่–ฉ็ˆพ่–ฉยทๅŸƒ็ˆพ็ถญ็ดยท่ƒกๅก”ๅŠ ้š†๏ผˆSalsa Erwina Hutagalung๏ผ‰ใ€ๆณ•่’‚ไบžยทไผŠๆ‰Ž่’‚๏ผˆFathia Izzati๏ผ‰ใ€้˜ฟๆฏ”่“‹็ˆพยทๅˆฉ็ฉ†้‡Œไบž๏ผˆAbigail Limuria๏ผ‰ใ€ๅฎ‰ๅคš็ถญยท้”ยทๆด›ไฝฉ่Œฒโ€‹๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰ใ€ๅฎ‰่ฟชๅก”ยท่ฒ็ˆพๅกžๅˆฉยท็ƒๅก”็ฑณ๏ผˆAndhyta Firselly Utami๏ผ‰ๅ’Œๅ‚‘็พ…ๅง†ยทๆณขๆž—โ€‹๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰ๅ…ฑๅŒๆ•ด็†ๅˆถๅฎš็š„ใ€‚[267][268] ้€™25้ …่จดๆฑ‚ๅˆ†็‚บ17้ …็ŸญๆœŸ่จดๆฑ‚๏ผˆ่ฆๆฑ‚ๅœจ2025ๅนด9ๆœˆ5ๆ—ฅๅ‰ๅฏฆ็พ๏ผ‰ๅ’Œ8้ …้•ทๆœŸ่จดๆฑ‚๏ผˆ่ฆๆฑ‚ๅœจ2026ๅนด8ๆœˆ31ๆ—ฅๅ‰ๅฏฆ็พ๏ผ‰๏ผš[269][266][270]

่จดๆฑ‚ๅ…งๅฎน
็ŸญๆœŸ่จดๆฑ‚
็ผ–่พ‘
  • ๅฐ็ธฝ็ตฑ็š„่ฆๆฑ‚๏ผš
    • ๅฐ‡่ป้šŠๆ’คๅ‡บๆฐ‘ไบ‹ๅŸทๆณ•้ ˜ๅŸŸ๏ผŒไธฆ็ขบไฟไธๅฐๆŠ—่ญฐ่€…้€ฒ่กŒๅˆ‘ไบ‹ๅฎš็ฝช
    • ๆˆ็ซ‹็จ็ซ‹่ชฟๆŸฅๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒ๏ผŒๅฐฑ้˜ฟๅ‡กยทๅบซๅฐผไบž่ฌ๏ผˆAffan Kurniawan๏ผ‰ใ€ๅฅง้ฆฌ็ˆพยท้˜ฟ้ฆฌ้ญฏไธ๏ผˆUmar Amarudin๏ผ‰ไปฅๅŠๅ…ถไป–ๅœจ8ๆœˆ28ๆ—ฅ่‡ณ30ๆ—ฅๆŠ—่ญฐๆœŸ้–“้ญๅ—่ญฆๅฏŸๆšดๅŠ›็š„ๅ—ๅฎณ่€…ๆกˆไปถ้€ฒ่กŒ่ชฟๆŸฅ๏ผŒไธฆ็ขบไฟไปปๅ‹™ๆ˜Ž็ขบไธ”้Ž็จ‹้€ๆ˜Ž
  • ๅฐไบบๆฐ‘ไปฃ่กจๆœƒ่ญฐ๏ผˆๅœ‹ๆœƒ๏ผ‰็š„่ฆๆฑ‚
    • ๅ‡็ต่ญฐๅ“ก็š„่–ช่ณ‡่ชฟๆผฒ่ˆ‡็ฆๅˆฉ๏ผŒไธฆๅ–ๆถˆๆ–ฐ่จญๆ–ฝ๏ผˆๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌ้€€ไผ‘้‡‘๏ผ‰
    • ๅ…ฌ้–‹่ณ‡้‡‘ไฝฟ็”จๆ˜Ž็ดฐ๏ผŒ็ขบไฟ้€ๆ˜Žๅบฆ
    • ่ฆๆฑ‚ๅœ‹ๆœƒๆฆฎ่ญฝๆฉŸๆง‹่ชฟๆŸฅๆถ‰ๅŠ้†œ่ž็š„่ญฐๅ“ก
  • ๅฐๅ„ๆ”ฟ้ปจไธปๅธญ็š„่ฆๆฑ‚
    • ้–‹้™คไธฆๆ‡ฒ่™•ๅœจไบบๆฐ‘ไปฃ่กจๆœƒ่ญฐไธญๅผ•็™ผๅ‹•็›ช็š„ไธ้“ๅพทๅนน้ƒจ
    • ๅฎฃๅธƒๆ”ฟ้ปจๅœจๅฑๆฉŸๆœŸ้–“่ˆ‡ไบบๆฐ‘็ซ™ๅœจไธ€่ตท็š„ๆ‰ฟ่ซพ
    • ไฟƒไฝฟๆ‰€ๆœ‰ๅนน้ƒจ่ˆ‡ๅญธ็”Ÿๅ’Œๅ…ฌๆฐ‘็ต„็น”้€ฒ่กŒๅ…ฌ้–‹ๅฐ่ฉฑ
  • ๅฐ่ญฆๅฏŸ้ƒจ้šŠ็š„่ฆๆฑ‚
    • ้‡‹ๆ”พๆ‰€ๆœ‰่ขซๆ‹˜็•™็š„ๆŠ—่ญฐ่€…
    • ๅœๆญข่ญฆๅฏŸๆšดๅŠ›๏ผŒไธฆๅœจ็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ไธญ้ตๅฎˆๆจ™ๆบ–ไฝœๆฅญ็จ‹ๅบ
    • ้€ฎๆ•ๆ‰€ๆœ‰ๆถ‰ๅŠไพต็ŠฏไบบๆฌŠ็š„่ญฆๅ“กๅŠๆŒ‡ๆฎๅฎ˜ไธฆ็นฉไน‹ไปฅๆณ•
  • ๅฐ่ป้šŠ็š„่ฆๆฑ‚
    • ่ฟ”ๅ›ž่ป็‡Ÿ๏ผŒๅœๆญขๅƒ่ˆ‡ๆฐ‘ไบ‹ๅŸทๆณ•
    • ็ถญๆŒๅ…ง้ƒจ็ด€ๅพ‹๏ผŒ้˜ฒๆญข่ป้šŠๅนฒ้ ่ญฆๅ‹™
    • ่ปๆ–นๅ…ฌ้–‹ๆ‰ฟ่ซพๅœจๆฐ‘ไธปๅฑๆฉŸๆœŸ้–“ไธ้€ฒๅ…ฅๅนณๆฐ‘้ ˜ๅŸŸ
  • ๅฐ็ถ“ๆฟŸ้ƒจ้–€้ƒจ้•ท็š„่ฆๆฑ‚
    • ็ขบไฟๅ…จๅœ‹ๆ‰€ๆœ‰ๅ‹žๅ‹•่€…็ฒๅพ—ๅˆ็†ๅทฅ่ณ‡
    • ๆŽกๅ–็ทŠๆ€ฅๆŽชๆ–ฝ๏ผŒ้˜ฒๆญขๅคง่ฆๆจก่ฃๅ“กไธฆไฟ่ญทๆ‰€ๆœ‰ๅˆ็ด„ๅ‹žๅทฅ
    • ่ˆ‡ๅทฅๆœƒๅฑ•้–‹ๅฐ่ฉฑ
้•ทๆœŸ่จดๆฑ‚
็ผ–่พ‘
  • ๅ…จ้ขๆธ…็†่ˆ‡ๆ”น้ฉไบบๆฐ‘ไปฃ่กจๆœƒ่ญฐ
    • ้€ฒ่กŒ็จ็ซ‹ๅฏฉ่จˆไธฆๅ‘ไบบๆฐ‘ๅ…ฌๅธƒ็ตๆžœใ€‚ๆ้ซ˜ๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“ก็š„่ณ‡ๆ ผๆจ™ๆบ–๏ผˆไพ‹ๅฆ‚็„ก่ฒช่…ๅ‰็ง‘๏ผ‰๏ผŒไธฆ็‚บๆฏไฝ่ญฐๅ“กๅˆถๅฎšๆจ™ๆบ–ๅŒ–็š„็ธพๆ•ˆๆŒ‡ๆจ™๏ผˆKPI๏ผ‰ใ€‚ๅ–ๆถˆๆ‰€ๆœ‰็‰นๆฌŠ๏ผš็ต‚่บซ้€€ไผ‘้‡‘ใ€็‰นๆฎŠไบค้€šๅŠ่ญท่ก›๏ผŒไปฅๅŠ็”ฑๅœ‹ๅฎถ้ ็ฎ—ๆ”ฏไป˜็š„็จ…ๆฌพใ€‚
  • ๆ”น้ฉๆ”ฟ้ปจไธฆๅŠ ๅผทๅฐ่กŒๆ”ฟ้ƒจ้–€็š„็›ฃ็ฃ
    • ๅ„ๆ”ฟ้ปจๅฟ…้ ˆๅœจไปŠๅนดๅ…งๅ…ฌๅธƒๅ…ถ้ฆ–ๆฌก่ฒกๅ‹™ๅ ฑ่กจ๏ผŒๅœ‹ๆœƒๅฟ…้ ˆ็ขบไฟๅๅฐ้ปจ่ƒฝ็™ผๆฎๅ…ถๆ‡‰ๆœ‰็š„็›ฃ็ฃๅŠŸ่ƒฝใ€‚
  • ่‰ๆ“ฌๆ›ดๅ…ฌๅนณ็š„็จ…ๆ”ถๆ”น้ฉ่จˆ็•ซ
    • ้‡ๆ–ฐ่€ƒๆ…ฎไธญๅคฎๆ”ฟๅบœๅ‘ๅœฐๆ–นๆ”ฟๅบœ่ฝ‰็งปๅœ‹ๅฎถ้ ็ฎ—็š„ๅนณ่กกๆ€งใ€‚ๅปข้™คๅฏ่ƒฝๅŠ ้‡ไบบๆฐ‘่ฒ ๆ“”็š„ๅขž็จ…่จˆ็•ซ๏ผŒไธฆ่‰ๆ“ฌๆ›ดๅ…ฌๅนณ็š„็จ…ๆ”ถๆ”น้ฉๆ–นๆกˆใ€‚
  • ้€š้ŽไธฆๅŸท่กŒใ€Š่ณ‡็”ขๆฒ’ๆ”ถๆณ•ใ€‹่‰ๆกˆ
    • ๅœ‹ๆœƒๅฟ…้ ˆๅœจไปŠๅนดๅ…ง้€š้Žใ€Š่ณ‡็”ขๆฒ’ๆ”ถๆณ•ใ€‹่‰ๆกˆ๏ผŒไปฅๅฑ•็พๆ‰“ๆ“Š่ฒช่…็š„ๆฑบๅฟƒ๏ผŒๅŒๆ™‚ๅŠ ๅผท่‚…่ฒชๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒๅ’Œใ€Šๅ่ฒช่…ๆณ•ใ€‹็š„ๆ•ˆๅŠ›ใ€‚
  • ๆ”น้ฉ่ญฆๅฏŸ้ƒจ้šŠ็š„้ ˜ๅฐŽ่ˆ‡ๅˆถๅบฆ๏ผŒๅฏฆ็พๆ›ดๅฐˆๆฅญใ€ๆ›ดไบบ้“็š„่ญฆๅ‹™
    • ๅœ‹ๆœƒๅฟ…้ ˆๆ”น้ฉใ€Š่ญฆๅฏŸๆณ•ใ€‹ใ€‚่ญฆๅฏŸๅฟ…้ ˆๅœจ12ๅ€‹ๆœˆๅ…งๅˆๆญฅไธ‹ๆ”พๅ…ถ่ท่ƒฝ๏ผšๅ…ฌๅ…ฑๅŸทๆณ•ใ€็ถญๅฎ‰ใ€ไบค้€š็ฎกๅˆถใ€‚
  • ่ป้šŠ็„กไพ‹ๅค–ๅœฐ่ฟ”ๅ›ž่ป็‡Ÿ
    • ๆ”ฟๅบœๅฟ…้ ˆๅœจไปŠๅนดๅ…งๆ’ค้Šท่ณฆไบˆๅฐๅฐผๅœ‹ๆฐ‘่ปๅœจๅคงๅž‹่พฒๆฅญ๏ผˆ็ณง้ฃŸๅœ’ๅ€๏ผ‰็ญ‰ๆฐ‘็”Ÿ่จˆ็•ซไธญ็š„ไปปๅ‹™ๆŽˆๆฌŠ๏ผŒๅœ‹ๆœƒๅฟ…้ ˆ้–‹ๅง‹ไฟฎ่จ‚ใ€Š่ป้šŠๆณ•ใ€‹ใ€‚
  • ๅŠ ๅผทๅœ‹ๅฎถไบบๆฌŠๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒๅŠ็จ็ซ‹็›ฃ็ฃๆฉŸๆง‹
    • ๅœ‹ๆœƒๅฟ…้ ˆไฟฎ่จ‚ใ€Šๅœ‹ๅฎถไบบๆฌŠๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒๆณ•ใ€‹๏ผŒไปฅๆ“ดๅคงๅ…ถๅœจ่จ€่ซ–่‡ช็”ฑๆ–น้ข็š„่ท่ฒฌใ€‚็ธฝ็ตฑๅฟ…้ ˆ่ณฆไบˆ็›ฃๅฏŸๅ“กๅ’Œๅœ‹ๅฎถ่ญฆๅฏŸๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒ๏ผˆKompolnas๏ผ‰ๆ›ดๅคšๆฌŠๅŠ›ใ€‚
  • ๆชข่จŽ็ถ“ๆฟŸ่ˆ‡ๅ‹žๅ‹•้ƒจ้–€็š„ๆ”ฟ็ญ–
    • ่ช็œŸๆชข่จŽๅœ‹ๅฎถๆˆฐ็•ฅ่จˆ็•ซ๏ผˆPSN๏ผ‰ๅ’Œ็ถ“ๆฟŸๅ„ชๅ…ˆไบ‹้ …๏ผŒไฟ่ญทๅŽŸไฝๆฐ‘ๆ—็š„ๆฌŠๅˆฉ่ˆ‡็’ฐๅขƒใ€‚้‡ๆ–ฐ่ฉ•ไผฐๅฐไบบๆฐ‘๏ผˆๅฐคๅ…ถๆ˜ฏๅ‹žๅทฅ๏ผ‰้€ ๆˆ่ฒ ๆ“”็š„ใ€Šๅ‰ต้€ ๅฐฑๆฅญ็ถœๅˆๆณ•ไบบไบบใ€‹๏ผŒไธฆๅฏฉ่จˆใ€ŒDanantaraใ€ๅŠๅœ‹ๆœ‰ไผๆฅญ็š„ๆฒป็†ใ€‚

9ๆœˆ2ๆ—ฅ

็ผ–่พ‘

้›…ๅŠ ้”

็ผ–่พ‘

ๅ…จๅฐๅฐผๅญธ็”ŸๅŸท่กŒๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒ่ฏ็›Ÿ๏ผˆBEM SI๏ผ‰็™ผ่จ€ไบบๅ…ผๅญธ็”Ÿ้‹ๅ‹•ๅ”่ชฟๅ“ก็ฉ†ๆ‰Ž็ฑณ็ˆพยทไผŠ่ตซๆก‘๏ผˆMuzammil Ihsan๏ผ‰ๅฎฃๅธƒ๏ผŒๅ–ๆถˆๅŽŸ่จ‚ๆ–ผ9ๆœˆ2ๆ—ฅ่ˆ‰่กŒ็š„็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•๏ผŒๅ› ็‚บๆ“”ๅฟƒใ€Œ2025ๅฐๅฐผ็„ฆๆ…ฎ็ฌฌไบŒ็ซ ใ€๏ผˆ2025 Indonesia (C)emas Jilid II๏ผ‰็š„้›†ๆœƒๆœƒ่ขซไพ†่‡ชๅค–้ƒจ็š„ๆปฒ้€่€…ๅˆฉ็”จใ€‚[271] ๆญคๅค–๏ผŒ็•ถๅœฐๅช’้ซ”ใ€ŠWartakotaใ€‹ๅ ฑๅฐŽ๏ผŒBEM SI่กจ็คบๅณๅฐ‡่ˆ‰่กŒ็š„ๆŠ—่ญฐๅฐ‡ๅ‘ๆ”ฟๅบœๅ‚ณ้”11้ …่จดๆฑ‚ใ€‚[272]

็„ถ่€Œ๏ผŒๅ…ถไป–ๅนพๅ€‹ๆŠ—่ญฐๅœ˜้ซ”ไปๅœจไธƒๅ€‹ไธๅŒๅœฐ้ปž็นผ็บŒ็คบๅจ๏ผŒๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌๅฐๅฐผๅญธ็”Ÿๆ‘ฉๆ‰˜่ปŠ่จˆ็จ‹่ปŠ็คพ็พค๏ผˆKOMI๏ผ‰ใ€ไบบๆฐ‘่ƒฝๆบ้—œๆ‡ท่ฏ็›Ÿ๏ผˆARPE๏ผ‰ใ€ๅพžๆฅญ้ปจๅœฐๅ€้ ˜ๅฐŽ่ซ–ๅฃ‡ใ€ๅฐๅฐผ็ฉ†ๆ–ฏๆž—้’ๅนดไธญ้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅˆ†ๆœƒใ€็ฉ†็ฝ•้ป˜่ฟชไบžๅคงๅญธ่ฌ›ๅธซๅœ˜้ซ”๏ผŒไปฅๅŠๅœ‹ๆœ‰ไผๆฅญไบบๆฐ‘่ฏ็›Ÿใ€‚้€™ไบ›ๅœ˜้ซ”ๅ„่‡ชๆๅ‡บไบ†ไธๅŒ็š„่จดๆฑ‚ใ€‚[273]

ๅๆ‡‰

็ผ–่พ‘

ๆ”ฟๅบœๅฎ˜ๅ“ก

็ผ–่พ‘
ย 
ๆ™ฎๆ‹‰ๅšๆฒƒยท่˜‡ๆฏ”ๅฎ‰ๆ‰˜็š„่ฌ›่ฉฑ
็ธฝ็ตฑๆ™ฎๆ‹‰ๅšๆฒƒยท่˜‡ๆฏ”ๅฎ‰ๆ‰˜ๅฐฑ็คบๅจๅŠ้˜ฟๅ‡กยทๅบซๅฐผไบž่ฌๆญปไบกไบ‹ไปถ็™ผ่กจ่ฌ›่ฉฑ๏ผŒ2025ๅนด8ๆœˆ29ๆ—ฅใ€‚
ๆ’ญๆ”พๆญคๆ–‡ไปถๆœ‰้—ฎ้ข˜๏ผŸ่ฏทๅ‚่งๅช’้ซ”ๅนซๅŠฉใ€‚

้˜ฟๅ‡กๅŽปไธ–ไธ€ๅคฉๅพŒ๏ผŒ็ธฝ็ตฑๆ™ฎๆ‹‰ๅšๆฒƒยท่˜‡ๆฏ”ๅฎ‰ๆ‰˜็™ผ่กจไบ†้›ป่ฆ–่ฌ›่ฉฑ๏ผŒ้€™ๆ˜ฏ่‡ช้จทไบ‚้–‹ๅง‹ไปฅไพ†ไป–็š„้ฆ–ๆฌกๅ…ฌ้–‹่ฉ•่ซ–ใ€‚ๅœจ่ฌ›่ฉฑไธญ๏ผŒๆ™ฎๆ‹‰ๅšๆฒƒๅฐ้˜ฟๅ‡ก็š„ๅŽปไธ–่กจ็คบๅ“€ๆ‚ผๅ’Œๆ…ฐๅ•ใ€‚ไป–ๆ‰ฟ่ซพๆ”ฟๅบœๅฐ‡ๆ”ฏๆŒๅ—ๅฎณ่€…ๅฎถๅฑฌ๏ผŒไธฆ่ญด่ฒฌ่ญฆๆ–น็š„่กŒ็‚บใ€Œ้Žๅบฆใ€ใ€‚ไป–ๆ‰ฟ่ซพ้€ฒ่กŒๅพนๅบ•ๅ’Œ้€ๆ˜Ž็š„่ชฟๆŸฅ๏ผŒๅŒๆ™‚ไนŸๆ•ฆไฟƒๅ…ฌๆฐ‘ไฟๆŒๅ†ท้œ๏ผŒไธฆ่ญฆๆƒ•ใ€Œ็ธฝๆ˜ฏๆƒณ่ฃฝ้€ ๅ‹•ไบ‚ๅ’Œๆททไบ‚็š„ๅˆ†ๅญใ€๏ผŒไป–้‚„็จฑไธ€ไบ›้›†ไผšไธญ็š„่กŒไธบๅทฒโ€œๆž„ๆˆๅ›ๅ›ฝๅ’Œๆๆ€–ไธปไน‰โ€[274][65][275]ใ€‚้˜ฟๅ‡กๅŽปไธ–ไธ€ๅคฉๅพŒ๏ผŒๆ™ฎๆ‹‰ๅšๆฒƒ่ˆ‡ๅœ‹้˜ฒ้ƒจ้•ทๅคๅผ—้‡Œยทๅคๅง†่˜‡ไธ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšSjafrie Sjamsoeddin๏ผ‰ๅŠๅ…ง้–ฃ็ง˜ๆ›ธTeddy Indra Wijayaไธ€ๅŒๆŽขๆœ›ไบ†้˜ฟๅ‡ก็š„็ˆถๆฏ๏ผŒ็›ดๆŽฅ่กจ้”ๆ…ฐๅ•๏ผŒไธฆ่ดˆ้€ไป–ๅ€‘ไธ€ๆฃŸไฝๆ–ผCileungsi็š„ๆˆฟๅญ๏ผŒ็”ฑๆˆฟๅฑ‹้ƒจ้•ทMaruarar Sirait่ฆช่‡ชไบคๆŽฅใ€‚[276] ๅŒๆจฃๅœฐ๏ผŒ่ฅฟ็ˆชๅ“‡็œ้•ทๅพท่ฟชยท็ฉ†็ˆพไบž่ฟชๆๅ‡บ้ก˜ๆ„ๆˆ็‚บ้˜ฟๅ‡กๅฐšๅœจๅฟตๅˆไธญ็š„ๅผŸๅผŸ็š„้คŠ็ˆถ๏ผŒไธฆๆ‰ฟ่ซพๅนซๅŠฉ้€™ๅฎถไบบๅœจ้›…ๅŠ ้”ๆ‰พๅˆฐๆฐธไน…ไฝๆ‰€ใ€‚[277] ๅฐๆ–ผๆ”ฟๅบœ็š„็ซ‹ๅ ด๏ผŒๅ–ฎๅฃๅ–œๅŠ‡ๆผ”ๅ“กๅŠๅๅฐๆดพ่ฉ•่ซ–ๅฎถPandji Pragiwaksonoๆ†คๆ€’ๅœฐ่กจ็คบ๏ผŒใ€Œๅฐๅฐผไบบๅ†ไนŸไธๆŽฅๅ—ๅฐ่ฉฑไบ†๏ผŒๆˆ‘ๅ€‘็พๅœจๅพˆๆ†คๆ€’ใ€‚ไฝ ไธ่ƒฝๅ’Œไธ€ๅ€‹ๆ†คๆ€’็š„ไบบๅฐ่ฉฑใ€ใ€‚[278]

ๅœ‹ๅ‹™้ƒจ้•ทPrasetyo Hadi็™ผ่กจไบ†้กžไผผ็š„่จ€่ซ–๏ผŒๆ•ฆไฟƒ็คบๅจ่€…ไธ่ฆ็ ดๅฃžๅ…ฌๅ…ฑ่จญๆ–ฝ๏ผŒไธฆไฟ่ญ‰ๆ”ฟๅบœๅทฒๅฐฑ็›ธ้—œ่ฆๆฑ‚่ˆ‡ๅทฅๆœƒ้€ฒ่กŒไบ†่ซ‡ๅˆคใ€‚[279] ๅœ‹ๅฎถ่ญฆๅฏŸ็ธฝ้•ทๅˆฉๆ–ฏ่’‚็ด„ยท่ฅฟๅ‰็‰นยทๆ™ฎๆ‹‰ๅšๆฒƒๅ‘้˜ฟๅ‡ก็š„ๅฎถไบบๅ’Œๆ‘ฉๆ‰˜่ปŠๅธๆฉŸ็คพ็พค้“ๆญ‰ใ€‚[63]

้›…ๅŠ ้”็œ้•ท๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšGovernor of Jakarta๏ผ‰ๆ™ฎๆ‹‰่Žซ่ซพยท้˜ฟ่พฒ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšPramono Anung๏ผ‰ๅ‘ผ็ฑฒๅ…‹ๅˆถ่ˆ‡ๅ’Œๅนณ่งฃๆฑบ๏ผŒไธฆๆ•ฆไฟƒๅญธ็”Ÿไธ่ฆๅƒ่ˆ‡็คบๅจใ€‚[280] ไป–ๅพŒไพ†่กจ็คบ๏ผŒ็œๆ”ฟๅบœไธๆœƒๆ’ค้Šทๅƒ่ˆ‡็คบๅจๅญธ็”Ÿ็š„ๆดฅ่ฒผ่ฃœๅŠฉใ€‚[281]

่˜‡ไธนๅ…ผๆ—ฅๆƒน็œ้•ทๅ“ˆ้—จๅบ“ๅธƒๆฒƒ่ฏบๅไธ–๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšHamengkubuwana X๏ผ‰่ฆช่‡ชๅ‰ๅพ€็คบๅจ็พๅ ด๏ผŒไธฆๆ•ฆไฟƒ้›™ๆ–นไฟๆŒๅ†ท้œใ€‚[282] ็•ถไป–ๆŠต้”ๆ—ฅๆƒน็œ่ญฆๅฏŸ็ธฝ้ƒจๆ™‚๏ผŒ่˜‡ไธน่ˆ‡ไป–็š„ๅ…ฉๅ€‹ๅฅณๅ…’ๅŠ็œๆ”ฟๅบœๆˆๅ“กไธ€ๅŒๅฌ้›†็คบๅจ่€…ไปฃ่กจ้€ฒๅ…ฅๅฎคๅ…ง๏ผŒ่จŽ่ซ–ๅฆ‚ไฝ•ๆธ›็ทฉๆšดๅŠ›๏ผŒ่€Œ่˜‡ไธนๅ‰‡่ขซ็œ‹่ฆ‹่ช็œŸ่ฝๅ–็คบๅจ่€…็š„่จดๆฑ‚ใ€‚[283] ่˜‡ไธนๅฐ้˜ฟๅ‡กยทๅบซๅฐผไบž่ฌ่กจ็คบๅ“€ๆ‚ผ๏ผŒไธฆๆ้†’็คบๅจ่€…ๅœจ่กŒไฝฟ่จ€่ซ–่‡ช็”ฑๆ™‚ไธ่ฆไฝฟ็”จๆšดๅŠ›ใ€‚[283] ไป–ไนŸๆ•ฆไฟƒ็คบๅจ่€…ไฟๆŒๅ†ท้œ๏ผŒไธ่ฆ่ขซๆŒ‘้‡็…ฝๅ‹•๏ผŒไธฆๅ‘Š็Ÿฅ่ญฆๆ–น่ฆ็ขบไฟๅธๆณ•็จ‹ๅบ็š„้€ๆ˜Žๅบฆใ€‚[283] ่˜‡ไธน้‚„่ฉ•่ซ–่ชช๏ผŒๅ…ฌ่ทไบบๅ“กๆ‡‰้ฟๅ…็‚ซ่€€่ฒกๅฏŒไธฆๆณจๆ„่‡ช่บซ่กŒ็‚บใ€‚[284]

8ๆœˆ29ๆ—ฅ๏ผŒๅ‰ฏ็ธฝ็ตฑๅ‰ไผฏๆœ—ยทๆ‹‰ๅกๅธƒๆ˜Žยทๆ‹‰ๅกๆŽข่ฆ–ไบ†8ๆœˆ28ๆ—ฅ้›…ๅŠ ้”็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•็š„ๅ—ๅฎณ่€…ใ€‚ไป–ๅ‰ๅพ€RS Pelniๅ’ŒRSCM้†ซ้™ขๆŽขๆœ›ๅ‚ท่€…๏ผŒๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌๆ“šๅ ฑ่ขซๅฎ‰ๅ…จ้ƒจ้šŠๆฏ†ๆ‰“็š„ไพ†่‡ช่˜‡ๅŠ ๆญฆ็œ‰็š„็ถฒ่ทฏๆ‘ฉๆ‰˜่ปŠๅธๆฉŸ็ƒ็‘ชยท้˜ฟ็‘ช้ญฏไธใ€‚ๅœจๆŽข่ฆ–ๆœŸ้–“๏ผŒๅ‰ไผฏๆœ—็ตฆไบˆ้ผ“ๅ‹ต๏ผŒไธฆๅผท่ชฟไผ‘ๆฏๅฐๅบทๅพฉ็š„้‡่ฆๆ€งใ€‚[285]

ๅ‰ๅค–ไบค้ƒจๅ‰ฏ้ƒจ้•ท่ฟช่ซพยทๅธ•่ฟชยท่ณˆๆ‹‰็ˆพๆ•ฆไฟƒๆ™ฎๆ‹‰ๅšๆฒƒๅ–ๆถˆๅŽŸๅฎš็š„่จช่ฏ่กŒ็จ‹๏ผŒ้‘‘ๆ–ผ็•ถๅ‰ๅฑ€ๅ‹ข๏ผŒไป–ๆ•ฆไฟƒๆ™ฎๆ‹‰ๅšๆฒƒๅฐ‡ๅ‡บๅธญๅง”ๆดพ็ตฆๅค–ไบค้ƒจ้•ท่˜‡ๅ‰็ด„่ซพ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšSugiono๏ผ‰ใ€‚[286] ๆ™ฎๆ‹‰ๅšๆฒƒๆญคๅพŒไธ€ๅบฆๅฎฃไฝˆๅ–ๆถˆๅ‡บๅธญ2025ๅนดไธญๅœ‹ๅ‹ๅˆฉๆ—ฅ้–ฑๅ…ต[287][288]๏ผˆไฝ†ไน‹ๅพŒๆขๅพฉ่กŒ็จ‹็พ่บซๅŒ—ไบฌ[289]๏ผ‰๏ผŒไธฆ่€ƒๆ…ฎๅ–ๆถˆๅ‡บๅธญ่ฏๅˆๅœ‹ๅคงๆœƒ็ฌฌ80ๅฑ†ๆœƒ่ญฐ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšEightieth session of the United Nations General Assembly๏ผ‰ใ€‚[290] ๅค–ไบค้ƒจ้•ท่˜‡ๅ‰ๆญ่ซพไปฃๆ›ฟๆ™ฎๆ‹‰ๅšๆฒƒๅ‡บๅธญไบ†2025ๅนดไธŠๆตทๅˆไฝœ็ต„็น”ๅคฉๆดฅๅณฐๆœƒใ€‚[291]

8ๆœˆ30ๆ—ฅไธ‹ๅˆ๏ผŒ็ธฝ็ตฑๆ™ฎๆ‹‰ๅšๆฒƒยท่˜‡ๆฏ”ๅฎ‰ๆ‰˜ๅฌ่ฆ‹ไบ†ๆญฆ่ฃ้ƒจ้šŠๅธไปค้˜ฟๅคๆ–ฏยท่˜‡ๆฏ”ๅปถๆ‰˜ๅ’Œๅœ‹ๅฎถ่ญฆๅฏŸ็ธฝ้•ทๅˆฉๆ–ฏ่’‚็ด„ยท่ฅฟๅ‰็‰นยทๆ™ฎๆ‹‰ๅšๆฒƒ๏ผŒไปฅ่ฉ•ไผฐๅฎ‰ๅ…จๅฑ€ๅ‹ขใ€‚็ธฝ็ตฑๆŒ‡็คบๆญฆ่ฃ้ƒจ้šŠๅ’Œ่ญฆๅฏŸๅฐ็คบๅจ่€…ๆŽกๅ–ๅ …ๆฑบ่กŒๅ‹•ใ€‚[292] ไธไน…ไน‹ๅพŒ๏ผŒๅˆฉๆ–ฏ่’‚็ด„ยท่ฅฟๅ‰็‰นยทๆ™ฎๆ‹‰ๅšๆฒƒๆŽˆๆฌŠๅฐ้€ฒๅ…ฅ่ญฆๅฏŸๅŸบๅœฐๅ’Œๅฎฟ่ˆ็š„ใ€Œ็„กๆ”ฟๅบœไธป็พฉ่€…ใ€ไฝฟ็”จๆฉก่† ๅญๅฝˆๅ’Œ้ž่‡ดๅ‘ฝๆญฆๅ™จใ€‚[293]

8ๆœˆ31ๆ—ฅ๏ผŒๆ™ฎๆ‹‰ๅšๆฒƒๅฌ้›†ๆ‰€ๆœ‰ๆ”ฟ้ปจ้ ˜่ข–ๅˆฐๅœ‹ๅฎถๅฎฎ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšIstana Negara (Jakarta)๏ผ‰๏ผŒ้šจๅพŒๅฌ้–‹ๅ…ง้–ฃๆœƒ่ญฐใ€‚[294] ๅคง็ด„ๅœจๅŒไธ€ๆ™‚้–“๏ผŒ็ถ“ๆฟŸไบ‹ๅ‹™ๅ”่ชฟ้ƒจ้•ท่‰พ็ˆพๆœ—ๅŠ ยทๅ“ˆ็ˆพ้”ๆ‰˜ๅฆ่ชไบ†่ฒกๆ”ฟ้ƒจ้•ท็ตฒ้บ—ยท็ฉ†ๅˆฉไบžๅฐผๅทฒๅพžๅ…ง้–ฃ่พญ่ท็š„ๅ ฑๅฐŽ๏ผŒไธฆๆๅˆฐๅฅนๅ‡บๅธญไบ†ๅ…ง้–ฃๆœƒ่ญฐใ€‚[295]

ไบบๆฐ‘ไปฃ่กจๆœƒ่ญฐ

็ผ–่พ‘

็คบๅจ็™ผ็”ŸๅพŒไธไน…๏ผŒ8ๆœˆ29ๆ—ฅ๏ผŒ่–ฉ่ตซ็พ…ๅฐผ่ขซๅ…ๅŽป็ฌฌไธ‰ๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒๅ‰ฏไธปๅธญ็š„่ทๅ‹™๏ผŒไธฆ่ขซๆŒ‡ๆดพ็‚บ็ฌฌไธ€ๅง”ๅ“กๆœƒ็š„ๆ™ฎ้€š่ญฐๅ“กใ€‚ๅœ‹ๆฐ‘ๆฐ‘ไธป้ปจๅฆ่ชๆญค่ฎŠๅ‹•ๆ˜ฏๅ› ๅ…ถ่จ€่ซ–ๆ‰€่‡ด๏ผŒ่ฒ็จฑ้€™ๆ˜ฏไธ€ๆฌกใ€Œๅธธ่ฆ่ผช่ชฟใ€ใ€‚[296] ่ฎŠๅ‹•ๅพŒ๏ผŒๆ“šๅ ฑ่–ฉ่ตซ็พ…ๅฐผๅ’Œๅนพไฝๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“กๅทฒๅ‰ๅพ€ๆ–ฐๅŠ ๅกใ€‚ๅฐๅฐผ็ถฒๆฐ‘ๆ‰น่ฉ•่–ฉ่ตซ็พ…ๅฐผ๏ผŒ็จฑๅ…ถๆ‰€่ฌ‚็š„้€ƒ่ท‘ๆ˜ฏๆ‡ฆๅผฑๅ’Œไธ่ฒ ่ฒฌไปป็š„๏ผŒไธฆ่ฆๆฑ‚ไป–ๆ‰ฟๆ“”่ฒฌไปปใ€‚[297][298] ไธ€ๅผตๅŸƒ็ง‘ยทๅธ•็‰น้‡Œ็ด„๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšEko Patrio๏ผ‰ๅœจๅปฃๅทžไธ€ๅ€‹ไปฟๅ†’ๅ“ๅธ‚ๅ ด่ณผ็‰ฉ็š„็…ง็‰‡ไนŸๅœจXๅนณๅฐไธŠ็˜‹ๅ‚ณใ€‚[299] ๆ”ฟๆฒปๅญธๅฎถAisah Putri Budiatriๆ‰น่ฉ•้€™ไบ›่กŒ็จ‹ๆ˜ฏไธๅฟ…่ฆๅ’Œๆ”พ็ธฑ็š„๏ผŒๅธถๆœ‰ไผ‘้–’่€Œ้žๅ…ฌๅ‹™็š„ๆˆๅˆ†๏ผŒไธฆ่ญฆๅ‘Šๅฏ่ƒฝๆœƒ็ˆ†็™ผๆ›ดๅคงใ€ๆ›ดๆฟ€็ƒˆ็š„็คบๅจใ€‚[300]

ๅœจ่–ฉ่ตซ็พ…ๅฐผ็š„ๆˆฟๅญ่ขซๆด—ๅŠซๅพŒ๏ผŒๅŸƒ็ง‘ยทๅธ•็‰น้‡Œ็ด„๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšEko Patrio๏ผ‰ใ€็ƒไบžยทๅบซไบž๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผšUya Kuya๏ผ‰ๅ’Œ็ดๆณ•ยท็ƒ็ˆพๅทด่ตซ่กจ็คบ้“ๆญ‰๏ผŒไธฆๆ‰ฟ่ซพไป–ๅ€‘ๅฐ‡ไฝœ็‚บๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“กๅšๅพ—ๆ›ดๅฅฝใ€‚[301] ๅŸƒ็ง‘ยทๅธ•็‰น้‡Œๅฅง็š„้“ๆญ‰ๅฝฑ็‰‡ไธญๆœ‰ๅŒๅฑฌๅœ‹ๆฐ‘ๆŽˆๆฌŠ้ปจ็š„ๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“ก่ฅฟๅ‰็‰นยทๆ™ฎ็ˆพ่ซพ่Žซยท่ณฝ็พฉๅพท๏ผŒไป–่กจ็คบๅ…ฉไบบ้ƒฝๅœจ้›…ๅŠ ้”๏ผŒ้งๆ–ฅไบ†ๅŸƒ็ง‘ๅฏ่ƒฝๅœจไธญๅœ‹็š„็—…ๆฏ’ๅผ่ฒผๆ–‡ใ€‚[302] ็„ถ่€Œ๏ผŒไป–ๅ€‘็š„้“ๆญ‰่ขซ่ช็‚บ็‚บๆ™‚ๅทฒๆ™š๏ผŒๅ› ็‚บ็คบๅจ่€…ไนŸๆด—ๅŠซไบ†ไป–ๅ€‘็š„ๆˆฟๅญใ€‚ๆ”ฟๆฒปๅˆ†ๆžๅฎถHendri Satrio่ฆๆฑ‚้€™ๅ››ไฝๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“ก่พญ่ทไปฅๅนณๆฏๅ…ฌ็œพ็š„ๆ†คๆ€’๏ผŒใ€Œๅฆ‚ๆžœไป–ๅ€‘้‚„ๆ„›ไป–ๅ€‘็š„ๅœ‹ๅฎถใ€ใ€‚[303] PDI-Pๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“กRieke Diah Pitalokaๆ้†’ๅŒๅƒšๅ€‘่ฆใ€Œ็ฎกๅฅฝ่‡ชๅทฑ็š„่ˆŒ้ ญใ€๏ผŒ่กจ็คบ็„ก่ซ–ไป–ๅ€‘่ชชไป€้บผ๏ผŒ็ธฝๆœƒ้ข่‡จๆ‰น่ฉ•๏ผŒๅ› ็‚บ้€™ๆ˜ฏไป–ๅ€‘ๅฎฃ่ช“ๅฐฑ่ท็š„้ขจ้šชใ€‚[304] ๅฅนไนŸๆ‰ฟ่ช๏ผŒ่จฑๅคšๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“ก็ถ“ๅธธ็™ผ่กจๆœ‰็ˆญ่ญฐ็š„่จ€่ซ–ใ€‚[305]

ไบบๆฐ‘ไปฃ่กจๆœƒ่ญฐ่ญฐ้•ทๅธƒๅฎ‰ยท้ฉฌๅ“ˆๆ‹‰ๅฐผ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšPuan Maharani๏ผ‰่กจ็คบๅ“€ๆ‚ผ๏ผŒไธฆ่ฆๆฑ‚ๅœ‹ๅฎถ่ญฆๅฏŸ็ธฝ้•ท่ฟ…้€Ÿ่งฃๆฑบๆญคไบ‹ใ€‚[306] ๅธƒๅฎ‰้‚„ๅ‘ๅŒๆจฃๆ˜ฏ็ถฒ่ทฏ็š„ๅฃซๅธๆฉŸ็š„้˜ฟๅ‡ก็ˆถ่ฆช่ดˆ้€ไบ†ไธ€่ผ›ๆ–ฐๆ‘ฉๆ‰˜่ปŠ๏ผŒๆญค่ˆ‰่ขซๆ‰น่ฉ•็‚บไธๅˆๆ™‚ๅฎœใ€‚[307] ไบบๆฐ‘ไปฃ่กจๆœƒ่ญฐๅพŒไพ†ๆพ„ๆธ…๏ผŒๆดฅ่ฒผ่ชฟๆผฒๅชๆœƒ็™ผๆ”พๅˆฐ2025ๅนด10ๆœˆ๏ผŒไธฆ่ฒ็จฑๆ‰€็ตฆไบˆ็š„้‡‘้ก้ ๆฏ”็‚บ่ญฐๅ“กๆไพ›ๅฎ˜้‚ธไพฟๅฎœใ€‚[308]

ๅคงๅฐๅฐผ้‹ๅ‹•้ปจ้ปจๅœ˜้ ˜่ข–ๅ…ผๅคšๆ•ธ้ปจ้ ˜่ข–Budi Djiwandonoๆ•ฆไฟƒไบบๆฐ‘ไปฃ่กจๆœƒ่ญฐ้‡ๆ–ฐ่ฉ•ไผฐ่ญฐๅ“ก็š„ๆดฅ่ฒผ่ชฟๆผฒใ€‚ไป–็ฆๆญขๅ…ถ้ปจๅœ˜ๆˆๅ“กๅ‡บๅœ‹๏ผŒไธฆๅ‘Š็Ÿฅๆˆๅ“ก่ฆๆ นๆ“š้ปจ้ ˜่ข–ๆ™ฎๆ‹‰ๅšๆฒƒ็š„ๆŒ‡็คบ๏ผŒ่ˆ‡ไบบๆฐ‘ๅŒๅœจใ€‚[309] ้šจๅพŒ๏ผŒๅฐๅฐผ้ฌฅ็ˆญๆฐ‘ไธป้ปจ้ปจๅœ˜้ ˜่ข–Said AbdullahไนŸๅ‘ผ็ฑฒๅ–ๆถˆๆดฅ่ฒผ่ชฟๆผฒไปฅๅŠไปปไฝ•ๅฏ่ƒฝๆๅฎณ้“ๅพทๅ€ซ็†็š„ๆดฅ่ฒผ๏ผŒไปฅ็คบๅŒ็†ๅฟƒๅ’Œ้“ๅพท่€ƒ้‡ใ€‚[310] ๅฐˆๆฅญ้›†ๅœ˜้ปจ้ปจๅœ˜้ ˜่ข–SarmujiไนŸๅŒๆ„้‡ๆ–ฐ่ฉ•ไผฐ็š„ๅ‘ผ็ฑฒ๏ผŒไธฆๆ้†’ๅฐˆๆฅญ้›†ๅœ˜้ปจๆˆๅ“ก้ฟๅ…ๅšๅ‡บๅฏ่ƒฝๅผ•็™ผๆ›ดๅคšๅ…ฌ็œพๆ†คๆ€’็š„ๅงฟๆ…‹๏ผŒ[311] ่€Œๆฐ‘ไธป้ปจ้ปจๅœ˜้ ˜่ข–Edhie Yudhoyonoๅ‰‡ๅ‘ผ็ฑฒๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“กๅๆ€่‡ชๅทฑ๏ผŒไธฆๅŒๆ„้‡ๆ–ฐ่ฉ•ไผฐๆดฅ่ฒผใ€‚[312]

ๅœจ่‰พๅ“ˆ้‚ๅพทยท่–ฉ่ตซ็พ…ๅฐผๅ’Œๅจœๆณ•ยท็ƒ็ˆพๅทด่ตซ็š„ๆˆฟๅฑ‹่ขซๆšดๅพ’ๆด—ๅŠซๅพŒ๏ผŒๅœ‹ๆฐ‘ๆฐ‘ไธป้ปจไธปๅธญ่‹ๅฐ”ไบšยทๅทดๆด›๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšSurya Paloh๏ผ‰ๅฎฃๅธƒ๏ผŒ็‚บๅ›žๆ‡‰ๅ…ฌ็œพไธๆปฟ๏ผŒๆšซๅœ่–ฉ่ตซ็พ…ๅฐผๅ’Œ็ƒ็ˆพๅทด่ตซๅœจไบบๆฐ‘ไปฃ่กจๆœƒ่ญฐ็š„ๆˆๅ“ก่ณ‡ๆ ผใ€‚่ฉฒๆšซๅœๅฐ‡ๆ–ผ9ๆœˆ1ๆ—ฅ็”Ÿๆ•ˆใ€‚[313] ๅœ‹ๆฐ‘ๆŽˆๆฌŠ้ปจไธปๅธญZulkifli Hasan็™ผๅธƒไบ†ไธ€ไปฝๅ‚™ๅฟ˜้Œ„๏ผŒๆ•ฆไฟƒๆˆๅ“กไธ่ฆ็‚ซ่€€่ฒกๅฏŒๅ’Œๅ‚ฒๆ…ขใ€‚[314] ๆ“šๅ ฑๅฐŽ๏ผŒ็ƒไบžยทๅบซไบžๅ’ŒๅŸƒ็ง‘ยทๅธ•็‰น้‡Œๅฅงๅทฒๅพžไบบๆฐ‘ไปฃ่กจๆœƒ่ญฐ่พญ่ทใ€‚[315] ๅ‰ฏ่ญฐ้•ท Adies Kadir๏ผˆๅฐˆๆฅญ้›†ๅœ˜้ปจ๏ผ‰๏ผŒๆ›พ็‚บๅœ‹ๆœƒๆดฅ่ฒผ่ชฟๆผฒ่พฏ่ญท๏ผŒไนŸๅพžๅ…ถ้ปจๅ’Œๅธญไฝไธญ่ขซๅœ่ท๏ผŒๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌ้ ˜ๅฐŽ่ทไฝใ€‚[316]

็ถฒ่ทฏๅธๆฉŸๅ…ฌๅธ

็ผ–่พ‘

Gojek๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšGojek๏ผ‰่ญ‰ๅฏฆ้˜ฟๅ‡กๆ˜ฏไธ€ๅๅˆไฝœๅธๆฉŸ๏ผŒไธฆๅ‘ๅ…ถๅฎถไบบ่กจ็คบๅ“€ๆ‚ผๅ’Œๆ”ฏๆŒใ€‚[317] Gojekๅ’ŒGrab Indonesia้ƒฝๆ›ดๆ–ฐไบ†ไป–ๅ€‘็š„็คพ็พคๅช’้ซ”ๅ€‹ไบบ่ณ‡ๆ–™๏ผŒไปฅ้ป‘่‰ฒ้ ญๅƒ่กจ็คบๅ“€ๆ‚ผใ€‚[318][319] ๆญคๅค–๏ผŒGojekๆฏๅ…ฌๅธGoTo๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšGoTo (Indonesian company)๏ผ‰็š„ๅŸท่กŒ้•ทPatrick WalujoๆŽขๆœ›ไบ†้˜ฟๅ‡ก็š„ๅฎถไบบไปฅ่กจ้”ไป–็š„ๅ“€ๆ‚ผใ€‚[320]

ๅฆๅค–๏ผŒGrab่ญ‰ๅฏฆ็ฉ†็ฝ•้ป˜ๅพทยท็ƒ็‘ชยท้˜ฟ็‘ช้ญฏไธๆ˜ฏไธ€ๅๅˆไฝœๅธๆฉŸ๏ผŒไธฆๅ‘้˜ฟๅ‡ก็š„ๅฎถไบบ่กจ็คบๅ“€ๆ‚ผใ€‚[47]

็ถฒ็ตกๅ…ฌๅธ

็ผ–่พ‘

8ๆœˆ30ๆ—ฅ๏ผŒTikTok่กจ็คบๅทฒๅœจๅฐๅฐผๆš‚ๆ—ถๅ…ณ้—ญๅ…ถ็›ดๆ’ญๅŠŸ่ƒฝๆ•ฐๅคฉ[274]ใ€‚

ๅค–ๅœ‹ๅๆ‡‰

็ผ–่พ‘

็คบๅจๅฐŽ่‡ด่‚ก็ฅจๅ’Œๅฐๅฐผ็›พไธ‹่ทŒ๏ผŒไฟƒไฝฟๅฐๅฐผ้Š€่กŒๅฎฃๅธƒๆบ–ๅ‚™ๅนฒ้ ไปฅ็ฉฉๅฎš่ฒจๅนฃใ€‚Convera๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšConvera Corporation๏ผ‰ๅ’Œๅฝญๅš่ณ‡่จŠๆŒ‡ๅ‡บ๏ผŒๆŠ•่ณ‡่€…ๆญฃๅœจ้‡ๆ–ฐ่ฉ•ไผฐ็คพๆœƒๅ‹•็›ช็š„้ขจ้šช๏ผŒๅฐŽ่‡ดไบ†็ŸญๆœŸๆ‹‹ๅ”ฎใ€‚[65]

ๅœจๆšดๅŠ›็คบๅจไน‹ๅพŒ๏ผŒ็พŽๅœ‹ๅ’ŒๅŠ ๆ‹ฟๅคง้ƒฝ็™ผๅธƒไบ†ๆญฃๅผ็š„ๅปบ่ญฐ๏ผŒๆ•ฆไฟƒๅ…ถๅœจๅฐๅฐผ็š„ๅ…ฌๆฐ‘้ฟ้–‹็คบๅจๅ€ๅŸŸใ€‚็พŽๅœ‹้ง้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅคงไฝฟ้คจ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšEmbassy of the United States, Jakarta๏ผ‰็‰นๅˆฅ่ญฆๅ‘Š็พŽๅœ‹ไบบ่ฆ้ ้›ข็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•๏ผŒๅฐคๅ…ถๆ˜ฏ้ ่ฟ‘ๆฉŸๅ‹•ๆ—…้ƒจ้šŠ๏ผˆBrimob๏ผ‰ๅœฐ้ปž็š„็คบๅจใ€‚่ˆ‡ๆญคๅŒๆ™‚๏ผŒๅŠ ๆ‹ฟๅคง็™ผๅธƒไบ†ๆ›ดๆ–ฐ็š„ๆ—…่กŒๆŒ‡ๅ—๏ผŒๅปบ่ญฐๅ…ถๅœ‹ๆฐ‘ๅœจๅฐๅฐผ่ฆๆ ผๅค–่ฌนๆ…Ž๏ผŒๅ› ็‚บ็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ไปๅœจๆŒ็บŒใ€‚[321] ๅŒๆ™‚๏ผŒๅฐ็ฃๅ’Œ่‹ฑๅœ‹ไนŸๅฐๅ…ถๅฑ…ไฝๅœจๅฐๅฐผ็š„ๅœ‹ๆฐ‘็™ผๅ‡บไบ†ๅŒๆจฃ็š„่ญฆๅ‘Šใ€‚[322][323] ๆพณๆดฒๅฐๅฐๅฐผ็™ผๅธƒไบ†ไบŒ็ดšๆ—…้Š่ญฆ็คบใ€‚[324] ๅ…ถไป–ๅนพๅ€‹ๅœ‹ๅฎถไนŸ็™ผๅ‡บ่ญฆๅ‘Š๏ผŒๆ•ฆไฟƒๅ…ถๅ…ฌๆฐ‘ๅœจๅฐๅฐผ็คบๅจๆœŸ้–“ไฟๆŒ่ฌนๆ…Ž๏ผŒๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌ้ฆฌไพ†่ฅฟไบžใ€ๆ–ฐๅŠ ๅกใ€ๆณ•ๅœ‹ๅ’Œๆ—ฅๆœฌใ€‚[325]

ๆณ•ๅœ‹่ถณ็ƒไฟฑๆจ‚้ƒจ้ฆฌ่ณฝๅฅงๆž—ๅŒนๅ…‹ๅœจๅ…ถๅฎ˜ๆ–นInstagramๅธณๆˆถไธŠ็™ผๅธƒไบ†ๅฐ้˜ฟๅ‡กๅ’Œ็ƒ็‘ช็š„่‡ดๆ•ฌ๏ผŒ็…ง็‰‡ไธญ็ƒๅ“ก็šฎๅŸƒๅฐ”-ๅŸƒ็ฑณๅฐ”ยท้œไผŠๆฏ”็บฆๆ•ฌ็ฆฎ๏ผŒๆ—้‚Šๆ˜ฏๅ—ๅฎณ่€…็š„ๅๅญ—ใ€‚[326]

้ฆฌไพ†่ฅฟไบžๅ‰ฏ็ธฝ็†้˜ฟๆœซๆ‰ŽๅธŒๅœจๅœ‹ๅฎถๆธ…็œŸๅฏบ่ˆ‰่กŒ็š„็ฌฌ11ๅฑ†ๅค่˜ญ็ถ“ๆ™‚ๅˆป2025ๆดปๅ‹•ไธญ่ขซๅช’้ซ”ๅ•ๅŠๆ™‚๏ผŒ่กจ็คบ็›ธไฟกๆ™ฎๆ‹‰ๅšๆฒƒๆ”ฟๅบœๆœ‰่ƒฝๅŠ›ไปฅๅ’Œๅนณๆ–นๅผ่งฃๆฑบๅ‹•ไบ‚๏ผŒไธฆๅปบ่ญฐ้€š้Žๅฐ่ฉฑๆขๅพฉๅนณ้œใ€‚[327]

ๅฝฑ้Ÿฟ

็ผ–่พ‘

็ถ“ๆฟŸ

็ผ–่พ‘

2025ๅนด8ๆœˆ29ๆ—ฅ๏ผŒ็”ฑๆ–ผๆ”ฟๆฒป็คบๅจๅ‡็ดš๏ผŒๅฐๅฐผ้‡‘่žๅธ‚ๅ ด็ถ“ๆญทไบ†้‡ๅคงๅ‹•็›ชใ€‚้›…ๅŠ ้”็ถœๅˆๆŒ‡ๆ•ธ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšIDX Composite๏ผ‰๏ผˆIHSG๏ผ‰ๆšด่ทŒ2.27%๏ผŒๅ‰ตไธ‹ๅ…ฉ้€ฑๅคšไปฅไพ†็š„ๆœ€ๅคง่ทŒๅน…ใ€‚ๅŒๆ™‚๏ผŒๅฐๅฐผ็›พๅฐ็พŽๅ…ƒๅŒฏ็Ž‡ไธ‹่ทŒ่ฟ‘1%๏ผŒ้”ๅˆฐ่‡ช8ๆœˆ1ๆ—ฅไปฅไพ†็š„ๆœ€ไฝŽ้ปž๏ผŒ็‚บ16,475ๅฐๅฐผ็›พใ€‚[328] ไฝœ็‚บๅ›žๆ‡‰๏ผŒๅฐๅฐผ้Š€่กŒๅฎฃๅธƒๅœจๅœ‹ๅ…งๅค–ๅŒฏๅธ‚ๅ ด้€ฒ่กŒๅนฒ้ ไปฅ็ฉฉๅฎšๅฐๅฐผ็›พ๏ผŒไธฆๆ‰ฟ่ซพ็นผ็บŒ่ณผ่ฒทๆ”ฟๅบœๅ‚ตๅˆธใ€‚[328] ๅˆฐ8ๆœˆ30ๆ—ฅๆ˜ŸๆœŸๅ…ญ๏ผŒๆƒ…ๆณๅ‡บ็พ็ฉฉๅฎš่ทก่ฑกใ€‚ๆœฌ้€ฑ้›…ๅŠ ้”็ถœๅˆๆŒ‡ๆ•ธไธ‹่ทŒ0.36%๏ผŒๆ”ถๆ–ผ7,830.49้ปž๏ผŒ่€Œ็ธฝๅธ‚ๅ ดๆดปๅ‹•ๆฟ€ๅขž๏ผŒๆ—ฅไบคๆ˜“้กๅขžๅŠ ไบ†40%๏ผŒๅๆ˜ ไบ†ๆณขๅ‹•ๆ€งๅŠ ๅŠ‡๏ผŒไฝ†ๅค–ๅœ‹่ฒท็›ค็นผ็บŒๆ”ฏๆ’ๅธ‚ๅ ด็š„็ตๆง‹ๆ€ง้ŸŒๆ€งใ€‚[329][330]

ๅŸบ็คŽ่จญๆ–ฝ

็ผ–่พ‘

ๅปฃๆณ›็š„้จทไบ‚ๅฐๅฐๅฐผ็š„ๅ…ฌๅ…ฑๅŸบ็คŽ่จญๆ–ฝๅ’Œ่จญๆ–ฝ้€ ๆˆไบ†ๅทจๅคง็ ดๅฃžใ€‚Senen Toyota Rangga Transjakarta่ปŠ็ซ™่ขซๅšด้‡็‡’ๆฏ€๏ผŒๅฐŽ่‡ด่ฉฒ็ตๆง‹ๅœ็”จไธ”็„กๆณ•ไฝฟ็”จใ€‚[331] ๅœจๆœ›ๅŠ ้Œซ๏ผŒๅœฐๆ–น่ญฐๆœƒๅคงๆจ“่ขซ็ธฑ็ซ๏ผŒๅฐŽ่‡ดไธ‰ไบบๆญปไบก๏ผŒไบ”ไบบๅ—ๅ‚ท๏ผŒๅ› ็‚บไธ€ไบ›ไบบๅœจๅคง็ซไธญ่ขซๅ›ฐใ€‚[332][333] ๅœจSenen๏ผŒ8ๆœˆ29ๆ—ฅไธ‹ๅˆ๏ผŒๅœจๆฉŸๅ‹•ๆ—…็ธฝ้ƒจ้™„่ฟ‘็š„ๆฟ€็ƒˆ็คบๅจไธญ็ˆ†็™ผไบ†ๆถๅŠซใ€‚ๅœจไธ€็‰‡ๅ‚ฌๆณช็“ฆๆ–ฏๅ’Œ้ซ˜ๅบฆ็ทŠๅผต็š„ๆฐฃๆฐ›ไธญ๏ผŒ็คบๅจ่€…้–‹ๅง‹ๆด—ๅŠซ้™„่ฟ‘็š„ๅ•†ๅบ—๏ผŒๆถ่ตฐๆœจๆกŒใ€้›ป่…ฆ้กฏ็คบๅ™จใ€้‡‘ๅฑฌ็ฎฑใ€ๆ‘บ็–Š่‡ช่กŒ่ปŠใ€้ฃฒๆฐดๆฉŸๅ’Œไธ้ฝ้‹ผๆซƒ็ญ‰็‰ฉๅ“๏ผŒ็„ถๅพŒๅฐ‡ๅฎƒๅ€‘้‹ๅพ€Senen่ปŠ็ซ™ใ€‚[334][335] ๆณ—ๆฐดSahid้…’ๅบ—ๅœจ่ˆ‡็คบๅจ็›ธ้—œ็š„ๆททไบ‚ไธญๅ—ๆใ€‚็Ÿณ้ ญใ€้‹ช่ทฏ็ฃšๅ’Œๅžƒๅœพๆกถ่ขซๆ‰”ๅ‘้…’ๅบ—็š„็Žป็’ƒๅคงๅปณ๏ผŒๆ‰“็ขŽไบ†็ช—ๆˆถใ€‚[169] ็ธฝ่จˆ๏ผŒๆˆช่‡ณ2025ๅนด8ๆœˆ31ๆ—ฅ๏ผŒไธๅŒๅœฐๅ€็š„37ๅบงๅœฐๆ–น่ญฐๆœƒๅคงๆจ“่ขซๆ‘งๆฏ€ๆˆ–ๆๅฃžใ€‚[336]

็”ฑๆ–ผๆ”ถ่ฒปๅ…ฌ่ทฏ็š„ๆ”ถ่ฒป็ซ™ใ€ๅฎ‰ๅ…จ่จญๅ‚™ๅ’Œ้–‰่ทฏ้›ป่ฆ–้ญๅˆฐ็ ดๅฃž๏ผŒๅœ‹็‡Ÿๆ”ถ่ฒปๅ…ฌ่ทฏๅ…ฌๅธJasa Margaๅฎฃๅธƒๆšซๆ™‚้—œ้–‰ไธƒๆขๆ”ถ่ฒปๅ…ฌ่ทฏ้€ฒ่กŒ็ถญไฟฎใ€‚[337]

ๅ…ฌๅ…ฑไบค้€š

็ผ–่พ‘
ย 
ๅœจ็คบๅจๆœŸ้–“๏ผŒ้ ่ฟ‘็œ่ญฆๅฏŸๅคงๆจ“็š„้›…ๅŠ ่พพๅ†…็Žฏ่ทฏ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผšJalan Tol Lingkar Dalam Jakarta๏ผ‰ๅ‡บๅฃ่ขซๅฐ้–‰

้›…ๅŠ ้”็š„็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ๅฐŽ่‡ด่ฉฒๅธ‚ไบค้€šๅŸบ็คŽ่จญๆ–ฝๅšด้‡ไธญๆ–ทใ€‚้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅฐˆ็ทšๅ…ฌ่ปŠๆ˜ฏ้ฆ–้ƒฝ็š„ไธป่ฆๅฟซ้€Ÿๅ…ฌไบค็ณป็ตฑ๏ผŒ็”ฑๆ–ผๆŒ็บŒ็š„็คบๅจๅ’Œ่จญๆ–ฝๆๅฃžๅธถไพ†็š„ๅฎ‰ๅ…จๅ•้กŒ๏ผŒๆšซๅœไบ†ๆ‰€ๆœ‰้‹็‡Ÿใ€‚[338] ไฝๆ–ผSenen็š„ๆฉŸๅ‹•ๆ—…็ธฝ้ƒจๅ’Œ้›…ๅŠ ้”่ญฆๅฏŸ็ธฝ้ƒจ้™„่ฟ‘็š„ๅทดๅฃซ็ซ™่ขซ็ธฑ็ซ๏ผŒๅฐŽ่‡ดๆ•ธๆข่ทฏ็ทš็„กๆณ•้‹็‡Ÿใ€‚[339] ไฝœ็‚บๅ›žๆ‡‰๏ผŒ้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅฐˆ็ทšๅ…ฌ่ปŠๅฐๅคšๆข่ทฏ็ทš้€ฒ่กŒไบ†ๆ”น้“๏ผŒๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌBRTใ€้žBRTๅ’ŒMikrotransๆœๅ‹™๏ผŒไปฅ้™ไฝŽ้ขจ้šชไธฆ็ขบไฟๅ…ฌๅ…ฑๅฎ‰ๅ…จใ€‚[340] ้›…ๅŠ ้”็š„ๅœฐ้ตๆœๅ‹™ไนŸๅ—ๅˆฐๅšด้‡ๅนฒๆ“พใ€‚้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅœฐ้ตๅฏฆๆ–ฝไบ†ๆœ‰้™็š„ๆœๅ‹™ๆจกๅผ๏ผŒๅƒ…ๅœจๅธƒ้™ธๆ–ฏ่ฐท็ซ™ๅ’ŒMๅ€็ซ™ไน‹้–“้‹็‡Ÿใ€‚้€™ไธ€ๆฑบๅฎšๆ˜ฏๅœจ้ซ”่‚ฒๅฎฎ็ซ™ๅ’Œไบš็ป†ๅฎ‰็ซ™็ญ‰้—œ้ต่ปŠ็ซ™้™„่ฟ‘็™ผ็”Ÿ็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•๏ผŒ้€™ไบ›่ปŠ็ซ™่ขซ่‡จๆ™‚้—œ้–‰็š„ๆƒ…ๆณไธ‹ๅšๅ‡บ็š„ใ€‚[341] ็”ฑๆ–ผไบค้€šๅŸบ็คŽ่จญๆ–ฝๅ—ๅˆฐๅปฃๆณ›็ ดๅฃž๏ผŒ้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅœฐๅ€ๆ”ฟๅบœๆฑบๅฎšๅพž8ๆœˆ30ๆ—ฅ่ตท๏ผŒ่ฎ“้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅœฐ้ตๅ’Œ้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅฐˆ็ทšๅ…ฌ่ปŠๅ…่ฒปไธ€ๅ‘จใ€‚[342]

8ๆœˆ29ๆ—ฅ๏ผŒๆณ—ๆฐด็š„็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ๅฐŽ่‡ดๅคšๆขSuroboyo Busใ€Wirawiri Suroboyoๅ’ŒTrans Semanggi Suroboyo่ทฏ็ทšๆ”น้“๏ผŒ้ƒจๅˆ†็ทš่ทฏๆœๅ‹™ๅœจๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“20:35ๆๆ—ฉ็ตๆŸใ€‚[118] 8ๆœˆ30ๆ—ฅ็คบๅจๅพŒ๏ผŒ็”ฑๆ–ผA. Yani็š„็คบๅจไปๅœจ็นผ็บŒ๏ผŒSuroboyo Bus็š„ๆœๅ‹™ไธญๆ–ทๆƒ…ๆณไพ็„ถๅญ˜ๅœจ๏ผŒ[343] ่€ŒTrans Semanggi Suroboyoๅ‰‡ๅ› Grahadi็š„็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ๆขๅพฉ๏ผŒ่ขซ่ฟซๅœจๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“21:20ๆๆ—ฉๅœๆญขๆœๅ‹™ใ€‚[344] Trans Semanggiๆ–ผ8ๆœˆ31ๆ—ฅไธŠๅˆๆขๅพฉ้ƒจๅˆ†ๆœๅ‹™๏ผŒ็นž้Žไบ†Grahadi้™„่ฟ‘ๅ—ๆšดๅ‹•ๅฝฑ้Ÿฟ็š„็ซ™้ปžใ€‚[345]

่ณผ็‰ฉไธญๅฟƒ

็ผ–่พ‘

็คบๅจๆดปๅ‹•ๅฝฑ้Ÿฟไบ†ๅฐๅฐผๅ„ๅคงๅŸŽๅธ‚็œพๅคš่ณผ็‰ฉไธญๅฟƒ็š„้‹็‡Ÿ๏ผŒไธป่ฆๆ˜ฏๅœจ้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅ’Œๆณ—ๆฐด๏ผŒ้€™ไบ›่ณผ็‰ฉไธญๅฟƒๅœจ8ๆœˆ28ๆ—ฅ็š„ๆšดๅŠ›็คบๅจๅพŒ่ขซ่ฟซๆšซๆ™‚้—œ้–‰ๆˆ–็ธฎ็Ÿญ็‡Ÿๆฅญๆ™‚้–“ใ€‚ๅ—็คบๅจๅฝฑ้Ÿฟ็š„่ณผ็‰ฉไธญๅฟƒๅŒ…ๆ‹ฌ๏ผš

  • Atrium Senen๏ผŒไฝๆ–ผKwitang็š„ๆฉŸๅ‹•ๆ—…้ƒจ้šŠ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšMobile Brigade Corps๏ผ‰็ธฝ้ƒจ้™„่ฟ‘๏ผŒๅ› ๅฎ‰ๅ…จ่€ƒ้‡ๆ–ผ8ๆœˆ29ๆ—ฅ้—œ้–‰๏ผŒ็›ด่‡ณๅฆ่กŒ้€š็Ÿฅใ€‚[346]
  • Senayan Parkๅ’ŒLippo Mall Nusantara๏ผŒๅ‡็”ฑๅŠ›ๅฏถ้›†ๅœ˜ๆ‰€ๆœ‰๏ผŒ็”ฑๆ–ผๅ•†ๅ ด้ ่ฟ‘MPR/DPRๅปบ็ฏ‰็พค๏ผŒๅ…ถ็‡Ÿๆฅญๆ™‚้–“็ธฎ็Ÿญ่‡ณๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“12:30ใ€‚[347]
  • Plaza Senayan็š„ๅนพๅฎถๅฅขไพˆๅ“็ฒพๅ“ๅบ—๏ผŒๅฆ‚่ฟชๅฅงใ€่Šฌ่ฟชใ€ๅฏถๆ ผ้บ—ๅ’Œ่ทฏๆ˜“ๅจ็™ป็š„ๅ“กๅทฅ่ขซ็œ‹ๅˆฐๅฐ‡้™ณๅˆ—ๅ“ๅพžๅบ—ๅ…ง็งป่ตฐ๏ผŒไปฅ้ฟๅ…ๅœจ8ๆœˆ28ๆ—ฅ็คบๅจ่”“ๅปถ่‡ณ้™„่ฟ‘MPR/DPRๅปบ็ฏ‰็พคๅฝฑ้Ÿฟๅ•†ๅ ดๅพŒ็™ผ็”ŸๆถๅŠซใ€‚[348]
  • Sarinah้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅบ—็š„็‡Ÿๆฅญๆ™‚้–“็ธฎ็Ÿญ่‡ณๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“16:00๏ผŒไธฆๅœจ้—œ้–‰ๅพŒ่ขซ้‡้‡ๅœๅฐใ€‚[349]
  • Plaza Surabaya๏ผŒไฝๆ–ผPemuda่ก—๏ผŒๅœจ้™„่ฟ‘็š„Gedung Grahadi็คบๅจๆผ”่ฎŠๆˆๆšดๅŠ›ๅพŒ๏ผŒๆ–ผๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“16:00่ขซ็–ๆ•ฃไธฆ้—œ้–‰ใ€‚[350]
  • Tunjungan PlazaๅœจGrahadi็š„็คบๅจ่”“ๅปถ่‡ณTunjungan StreetๅพŒ๏ผŒ่ขซ่ฟซๆ–ผๅฐๅฐผ่ฅฟ้ƒจๆ™‚้–“19:00้—œ้–‰ใ€‚ๆญคๅค–๏ผŒTunjungan Plaza็ฎก็†ๅฑคๅฎฃๅธƒๅ› ๅฎ‰ๅ…จ่€ƒ้‡ๆ–ผ8ๆœˆ30ๆ—ฅๆšซๅœ้‹็‡Ÿใ€‚[351]
  • ไฝๆ–ผ่ฅฟๅŠ ้‡Œๆ›ผไธน็œๅค็”ธ็š„Ayani Mega Mall็ถœๅˆ้ซ”ๅ…ง็š„ไธ€ๅ€‹ๅฐๅž‹่ญฆๅฏŸๅฑ€๏ผŒๅœจ็คบๅจๅพžไธนๆˆŽๅธƒๆ‹‰ๅคงๅญธ้™„่ฟ‘็š„Digulis็ด€ๅฟต็ข‘่ฝ‰็งปๅˆฐAhmad Yani่ก—ๅพŒ่ขซ็ธฑ็ซใ€‚[352]
  • ่‡ช8ๆœˆ30ๆ—ฅไธŠๅˆ่ตท๏ผŒๅคš่ผ›ๅฐๅฐผ้™ธ่ปAnoa่ฃ็”ฒ้‹ๅ…ต่ปŠ่ขซ็œ‹ๅˆฐๅœจPuri Indah Mallๅ’ŒMall Taman Anggrekๅฎˆ่ก›ใ€‚[353]

ๆญคๅค–๏ผŒๅฐๅฐผ่ณผ็‰ฉไธญๅฟƒ็ฎก็†ๅ”ๆœƒ๏ผˆAPPBI๏ผ‰ไธปๅธญAlphonzus Widjajaๆ•ฆไฟƒๆ”ฟๅบœๆ›ดๆ˜Žๆ™บๅœฐๆ‡‰ๅฐ็™ผๅฑ•ไธญ็š„ๅฑ€ๅ‹ขใ€‚[355]่‡ช้€ฑไบ”ไปฅไพ†๏ผŒๅฐๅฐผไธป่ฆ็š„็™พ่ฒจ้€ฃ้Ž–ๅบ—ๅฆ‚Sogoใ€Seibuใ€Centralใ€Metroใ€่€ไฝ›็ˆบๅ’ŒMatahariๅทฒ็™ผ่กจ่ฒๆ˜Ž๏ผŒไฟ่ญ‰้กงๅฎข็š„ๅฎ‰ๅ…จใ€‚[ไพ†ๆบ่ซ‹ๆฑ‚]

ๆ•ธไฝๆฌŠๅˆฉ

็ผ–่พ‘

ๅฐๅฐผๆ•ธไฝๆฌŠๅˆฉ็›ฃๅฏŸ็ต„็น”SafenetๆŒ‡ๅ‡บ๏ผŒๅ…ฌๆฐ‘็คพๆœƒ้ ˜่ข–็ต„็น”็š„้›ป่ฉฑ่™Ÿ็ขผ่ขซ็•ถไฝœๅœ‹ๆœƒ่ญฐๅ“ก็š„่™Ÿ็ขผๅˆ†็™ผ๏ผŒๅฐŽ่‡ดๅžƒๅœพ้ƒตไปถๅ’Œๅจ่„…ใ€‚ๆญคๅค–๏ผŒ่ฉฒ็›ฃๅฏŸ็ต„็น”้‚„ๆณจๆ„ๅˆฐ้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅ’Œ่ฌ้š†็คบๅจไธญๅฟƒ็š„ๅ…งๅฎนๅฏฉๆŸฅใ€ๅŠŸ่ƒฝ้™ๅˆถๅ’Œๅœ้›ป๏ผŒ้€™ไบ›้ƒฝ้˜ป็ค™ไบ†่ณ‡่จŠๆตๅ‹•๏ผŒไปฅๅŠTikTokๅ’ŒInstagram็š„็›ดๆ’ญๅŠŸ่ƒฝ่ขซๆšซๅœ๏ผŒ้€™ๆ—ขๅฝฑ้Ÿฟไบ†็คบๅจ่จ˜้Œ„๏ผŒไนŸๅฝฑ้Ÿฟไบ†ๅฐไผๆฅญ็š„้‹็‡Ÿใ€‚้›…ๅŠ ้”ๅ…‰็บœๆœๅ‹™ๅ™จ็š„็–‘ไผผ็ธฑ็ซ้€ฒไธ€ๆญฅๅŠ ๅŠ‡ไบ†ๆ•ธไฝๅนฒๆ“พใ€‚[356] TikTok็›ดๆ’ญๅŠŸ่ƒฝ็š„ๆšซๅœๆ˜ฏ่ฉฒๅนณๅฐใ€Œ็‚บไฟๆŒTikTokๆˆ็‚บไธ€ๅ€‹ๅฎ‰ๅ…จๆ–‡ๆ˜Ž็š„็ฉบ้–“่€ŒๆŽกๅ–็š„[่‡ช้ก˜]้กๅค–ไฟ้šœๆŽชๆ–ฝใ€ไน‹ไธ€๏ผŒ[357] ่€Œๆ”ฟๅบœๅ‰‡่ฒ็จฑ่™›ๅ‡ไฟกๆฏๆญฃ้€š้Žๅ„็จฎ็คพ็พคๅช’้ซ”ๅนณๅฐๅ‚ณๆ’ญใ€‚[357][358]

ๆ–‡ๅŒ–ๆ–น้ข

็ผ–่พ‘

ๆŠ—่ฎฎๆœŸ้—ด๏ผŒๅฐๅฐผๅฎ˜ๆ–นไธ‹่พพๅ‘ฝไปค็ฆๆญขๅœจ่ก—ๅคดๆ‚ฌๆŒ‚ๆ—ฅๆœฌๆผซ็”ปใ€Šๆตท่ดผ็Ž‹ใ€‹ไธญ็š„ๆตท่ดผๆ——ๅธœ๏ผŒ้ƒจๅˆ†ๆŠ—่ฎฎ่€…ๆ›พๅˆฉ็”จ่ฏฅๆ——ๅธœๆ›ฟๆขๅฐๅฐผๅ›ฝๆ——่กจ่พพๅฏนๆ”ฟๅบœ็š„ไธๆปกใ€‚[359]

ๅŒๆ—ถ๏ผŒๅฐๅฐผไธŠๆ˜ ไบ†ไธ€้ƒจๆœฌๅœŸๅŠจ็”ป็”ตๅฝฑโ€œMerah Putih: One for allโ€๏ผŒ่ฎฒ่ฟฐ็š„ๆ˜ฏๅฐๅฐผๅ„ๅคง็งๆ—็š„ๅฐๅญฆ็”ŸๅˆๅŠ›ๅฏปๆ‰พๅคฑ่ธช็š„ๅฐๅฐผๅ›ฝๆ——็š„ๆ•…ไบ‹๏ผŒๆœฌๆ‰“็ฎ—ไปฅๆญค็บชๅฟตๅฐๅฐผ็‹ฌ็ซ‹80ๅ‘จๅนด๏ผŒๅ€Ÿๆญค่ฝฌ็งปๅนด่ฝปไบบๅๆ”ฟๅบœ็š„ๆณจๆ„ๅŠ›๏ผŒไฝ†ๅ› ไธบ็”ป้ฃŽๅปบๆจกๆžๅบฆๅŠฃ่ดจ๏ผŒๅ‰งๆƒ…ๅดฉๅ๏ผŒๅท็งฐ่Šฑ่ดน67ไบฟๅฐๅฐผ็›พๅˆถไฝœๅดๅšๅ‡บๅคงๅญฆ็”Ÿๆฏ•ไธšไฝœๅ“้ƒฝไธๅฆ‚็š„่ดจ้‡๏ผŒๅ†ๅฏนๆฏ”ๅฐๅฐผไปŠๅนด3ๆœˆไธŠๆ˜ ็š„ๆœฌๅœŸๅŠจ็”ป็”ตๅฝฑโ€œJumboโ€ๅˆถไฝœ็ฒพ่‰ฏ๏ผŒ็ฅจๆˆฟ็ช็ ด1000ไธ‡ไบบๆฌกๆ‰“็ ดๅฐๅฐผๅ›ฝไบง็”ตๅฝฑๆœ€้ซ˜่ฎฐๅฝ•ๅฝขๆˆๅทจๅคงๅๅทฎ๏ผŒ้ญๅˆฐๅฐๅฐผๅŠจๆผซ็พคไฝ“ๅคง่‚†ๆ‰น่ฏ„ๅ’Œๅ˜ฒ่ฎฝใ€‚ไธบไบ†่กจ่พพๅฏน่ฏฅ็‰‡็š„ๆŠตๅˆถ๏ผŒๅฐๅฐผๅŠจๆผซ็พคไฝ“้›†ไฝ“ๅ‘ผๅๅŽป็œ‹ๅŒไธ€ๆ—ถๆœŸไธŠๆ˜ ็š„ใ€Š้ฌผ็ญไน‹ๅˆƒๅ‰งๅœบ็‰ˆ๏ผšๆ— ้™ๅŸŽ็ฏ‡ใ€‹ไปฅ็คบๅฏนๅฐๅฐผๆ”ฟๅบœๆƒณ้€š่ฟ‡ๅŠจ็”ป็”ตๅฝฑ่ฝฌ็งปๅนด่ฝปไบบๅๆ”ฟๅบœๆณจๆ„ๅŠ›็š„ไธๆปกใ€‚[360]

ๅƒ่ฆ‹

็ผ–่พ‘

ๅ…ถไป–ๅœ‹้š›็คบๅจ

็ผ–่พ‘

่จป่…ณ

็ผ–่พ‘
  1. ^ ๅœ‹ๆฐ‘ๆฐ‘ไธป้ปจ็š„่‰พๅ“ˆ้‚ๅพทยท่–ฉ่ตซ็พ…ๅฐผใ€็ดๆณ•ยท็ƒ็ˆพๅทด่ตซใ€ๅœ‹ๆฐ‘ไฝฟๅ‘ฝ้ปจ็š„็ƒไบžยทๅบซไบž๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผšUya Kuya๏ผ‰่ˆ‡ๅŸƒ็ง‘ยทๅธ•็‰น้‡Œ็ด„๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšEko Patrio๏ผ‰๏ผŒไปฅๅŠๅฐˆๆฅญ้›†ๅœ˜้ปจ็š„้˜ฟ่ฟชๆ–ฏยทๅก่ฟช็ˆพ
  2. ^ ไบ‹ๅพŒใ€Š็พ…็›ค็ถฒใ€‹ๆŒ‡ๅ‡บ๏ผŒๅฆ‚ๆžœไน˜ๅๅ…ฌๅ…ฑไบค้€šๅทฅๅ…ท๏ผŒๅพž็ดๆณ•็š„ๅฑ…ไฝๅœฐๅ—ไธนๆ ผๆœ—่ณ“ๅก”็พ…๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผšBintaro Jaya๏ผ‰ๅ‰ๅพ€ๅฒ็ดๅปถ็š„้€šๅ‹คๆ™‚้–“ๅƒ…้œ€35ๅˆ†้˜ใ€‚

ๅƒ่€ƒๆ–‡็ป

็ผ–่พ‘
  1. ^ Lainufar, Inas Rifqia. Mahasiswa Malaysia Demo di Kedubes RI, Protes 400 Orang Ditahan Saat Aksi Depan DPR [Malaysian Students Protest at Indonesian Embassy, Protest 400 People Detained During Action in Front of the House of Representatives]. Kompas.com. 2025-08-28.ย 
  2. ^ WNI di Australia dan Jerman Akan Gelar Aksi Solidaritas Affan [Indonesian citizens in Australia and Germany will hold a solidarity action for Affan]. CNN Indonesia. 2025-08-30 [2025-09-01]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-09-05๏ผ‰.ย 
  3. ^ Daftar 7 Fraksi Setuju Evaluasi Tunjangan DPR RI. CNN Indonesia. 2025-08-31 ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  4. ^ Gelar Aksi di Polda Metro Jaya, Mahasiswa Rusak Mobil Patroli Sabhara. SINDOnews Daerah. [2025-08-30] ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  5. ^ Satpol PP dan TNI jaga di DPRD Bali buntut massa aksi pindah lokasi. Antara. 2025-08-30 [2025-08-30]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-10-10๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  6. ^ Alhadi, Alvia. Sinurat, Boyke , ็ผ–. Satpol PP Pontianak Pastikan Kondisi Kota Terkendali Pascademo. Radio Republik Indonesia๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผšRadio Republik Indonesia๏ผ‰. 2025-08-30 [2025-08-30] ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Shabrina, Dinda. YLBHI Mencatat 10 Orang Tewas dan 3.337 Demonstran Ditangkap Polisi. Tempo. 2025-09-02 [2025-09-03]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-09-02๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  8. ^ Naufal, Ibnu. Viral 11 Tuntutan Rakyat untuk DPR: Dari RUU Perampasan Aset hingga Reformasi Polri. 2025-08-31.ย 
  9. ^ Koesmawardhani, Nograhany Widhi. BEM SI dan BEM SI Kerakyatan Demo Hari Ini, Ini Tuntutannya. detikedu. [2025-08-31]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-10-06๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  10. ^ Situasi Memanas Semalam di Makassar: Gedung DPRD Terbakar, 3 Orang Tewas. detiknews. [2025-08-31]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2026-01-10๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  11. ^ Kondisi Terbaru Gedung Grahadi Surabaya usai Hangus Dibakar Massa, Jadi Tontonan Warga: Kecewa. Tribun Jatim. [2025-08-31]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2026-01-13๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  12. ^ Ist. Deretan Rumah Anggota DPR Hingga Menteri Dijarah Massa. CNBC Indonesia. [2025-08-31]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-11-19๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  13. ^ Ramai-ramai Kritik Publik ke Anggota DPR yang Joget di Tengah Sulitnya Kondisi Ekonomi. Tempo. 2025-08-22 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-08-31๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  14. ^ 14.0 14.1 Strangio, Sebastian. Indonesian Protesters Clash With Police During Demonstrations Over Parliamentary Perks. The Diplomat. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-11-23๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  15. ^ Karmini, Niniek; Ibrahim, Achmad. Tensions soar across Indonesia as protests against police erupt in multiple cities. AP News. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2026-01-12๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  16. ^ Gaji dan tunjangan anggota DPR lebih Rp100 juta per bulan -- 'Tidak patut saat masyarakat kesulitan ekonomi'. BBC News Indonesia. 2025-08-19 [2025-08-31]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-12-20๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  17. ^ Muthiariny, Dewi Elvia. DPR Members' Monthly Earnings Could Reach Rp230 Million, Says Fitra. Tempo. 2025-08-25 [2025-08-31]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2026-01-06๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆ่‹ฑ่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  18. ^ Bukan Rp 100 Juta, Penghasilan Anggota DPR Tembus Rp 230 Juta Sebulan. KOMPAS. 2025-08-26 [2025-08-31]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-08-26๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  19. ^ Dirgantara, Adhyasta. Mahfud Dengar Gaji Anggota DPR Capai Miliaran Per Bulan, Bukan Rp 230 Juta. 2025-08-28 ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  20. ^ Suhartono, Muktita. The Bang, Bang, Bangโ€™: How Protests, Tear Gas and Looting Roiled Indonesia. New York Times (Jakarta). 2025-09-02 [2025-09-03]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-11-10๏ผ‰.ย  ๅทฒๅฟฝ็•ฅๆœช็Ÿฅๅ‚ๆ•ฐ|coauthor-last= (ๅธฎๅŠฉ); ๅทฒๅฟฝ็•ฅๆœช็Ÿฅๅ‚ๆ•ฐ|coauthor-first= (ๅธฎๅŠฉ)
  21. ^ Sutrisna, Tria; Belarminus, Robertus. Tingkah Laku dan Pernyataan Anggota DPR yang Buat Rakyat Marahโ€ฆ [Behavior and Statements of DPR Members That Made the People Angryโ€ฆ]. Kompas. 2025-08-26 [2025-08-29] ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  22. ^ Kramer, Elisabeth. Out of touch: Why an increase in politiciansโ€™ allowances triggered mass protests. Indonesia at Melbourne. University of Melbourne. 2025-08-29 [2025-09-03]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-09-16๏ผ‰.ย 
  23. ^ Massa Demo Tolak Tunjangan Mewah DPR Cekcok dengan Polisi di Medan. detik.com. 2025-08-26 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-09-10๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  24. ^ Moodkalbar. 15 Pedemo di Pontianak yang Ditangkap Polisi Akhirnya Dibebaskan [15 Protesters in Pontianak Arrested by Police Finally Released]. Tirto. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-08-31๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  25. ^ 25.0 25.1 25.2 Widyatama, Elvan. Demo Memanas: Ini Kronologi Kericuhan & Tuntutan Massa yang Menggema [Protests Heat Up: The Timeline of Chaos & Echoing Demands]. CNBC Indonesia. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-09-05๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  26. ^ 26.0 26.1 Gelombang Demo Pecah di Berbagai Daerah 28 Agustus 2025 [Wave of Protests Erupts in Various Regions on 28 August 2025]. CNN Indonesia. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-11-12๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  27. ^ Aksi Serentak Buruh Gorontalo Suarakan Tuntutan [Simultaneous Action by Gorontalo Workers Voices Demands]. RRI. 2025-08-28 [2025-08-29] ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  28. ^ Devi, Aprilia. Demo Massa Buruh di Surabaya, Bawa Bendera One Piece-Tikus Berdasi [Labor Protest in Surabaya, Carrying One Piece Flag and Tie-Wearing Rats]. detikNews. 2025-08-28 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-12-05๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  29. ^ Simanjuntak, Bayu. Video: Tegang, Demonstrasi di Medan Kembali Diwarnai Bentrokan [Video: Tensions Rise as Protests in Medan Again Marked by Clashes]. Liputan6 (PT Elang Mahkota Teknologi Tbk). 2025-08-29 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-09-12๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  30. ^ Buruh di Aceh Pilih Audiensi, Saat Jakarta Ricuh oleh Demo Nasional [Workers in Aceh Choose Dialogue While Jakarta Is Rocked by National Protest]. AJNN. 2025-08-28 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-09-10๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  31. ^ ๅผ•็”จ้”™่ฏฏ๏ผšๆฒกๆœ‰ไธบๅไธบarrested estimate็š„ๅ‚่€ƒๆ–‡็Œฎๆไพ›ๅ†…ๅฎน
  32. ^ Astyawan, Putra Ramadhani. Polisi Sebut Ratusan Pelajar Wajib Bayar Rp 10.000 untuk Demo ke Jakarta lewat Grup WA [Police Say Hundreds of Students Required to Pay Rp 10,000 to Join Jakarta Protest via WhatsApp Group]. Kompas. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-29] ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  33. ^ Mahendra, Rizky Adha. Pelajar di Bogor Diamankan Gegara Mau Demo ke DPR Bertambah Jadi 171 [Students in Bogor Detained for Planning Protest at DPR Increase to 171]. Detik News. 2025-08-28 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-10-20๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  34. ^ Noviandi, Ferry. TV Nasional Bungkam soal Demo DPR, Joko Anwar Geram: Bubarkan KPI! [National TV Silent on DPR Protest, Joko Anwar Furious: Dissolve KPI!]. Suara. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-30]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-09-16๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  35. ^ Novita, Ayu; Permana, Fandi. KPID Bantah Keluarkan Surat Larangan Peliputan Aksi Demonstrasi ke Redaksi TV dan Radio [KPID Denies Issuing a Letter Banning Coverage of Demonstrations to TV and Radio Editors]. Disway.id. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-30]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-09-04๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  36. ^ Ramadhan, Faiz. KPID Jakarta Bantah Melarang Stasiun TV dan Radio Beritakan Liputan Demo [KPID Jakarta Denies Banning TV and Radio Stations from Covering Demonstrations]. Tempo.co. 2025-08-30 [2025-08-30]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-08-29๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  37. ^ Putra, Muhammad Faisal Hadi. Menkomdigi Bantah Surat KPI Larang Liput Demo DPR: Itu Hoaks! [Minister of Communication and Digital Denies KPI Letter Banning Coverage of DPR Protest: It's a Hoax!]. Uzone. 2025-08-30 [2025-08-30]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-09-22๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  38. ^ Kepala BNPB Bantah Tudingan Modifikasi Cuaca Agar Tak Ada Demo di DPR Jakarta [BNPB Chief Denies Weather Modification Allegations to Prevent DPR Jakarta Protest]. Kumparan. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-30] ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  39. ^ Government Bows to Labor Demands After Violent Protests Rock Jakarta. Jakarta Globe. [2025-08-30]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-12-15๏ผ‰.ย 
  40. ^ 40.0 40.1 Polri Amankan 7 Anggota Brimob Pelindas Sopir Ojol saat Demo. CNN Indonesia. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-10-01๏ผ‰.ย 
  41. ^ Mobil Brimob yang Lindas Pengemudi Ojol Diduga Rantis Rimueng PJJ. CNN Indonesia. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-30]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-09-02๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  42. ^ Rimueng (Leopard) 4ร—4 -- Rantis Brimob yang Viral Setelah Petaka Ojol di Pejompongan. indomiliter.com. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-30]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-09-15๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  43. ^ Ketua Presidium Koalisi Ojol Nasional Beberkan Kronologi Pengemudi Tewas Ditabrak Mobil Barakuda Brimob. Liputan6. 2025-08-28 [2025-08-28]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-08-28๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  44. ^ Sosok Affan Kurniawan, Driver Ojol Meninggal Usai Ditabrak Barracuda Brimob di Pejompongan. Tribunnews. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-29].ย 
  45. ^ Affan, Affan... Tangis Keluarga Driver Ojol yang Tewas Dilindas Mobil Rantis Polisi Pecah di RSCM. Tribun Jakarta. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-29].ย 
  46. ^ Affan Kurniawan Tewas Dilindas Mobil Brimob karena Terjatuh saat Ambil Ponsel. Tempo. 2025-08-30 [2025-09-01]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-09-03๏ผ‰.ย 
  47. ^ 47.0 47.1 Dewi, Fitri Sartina. Driver Ojol Tewas Dilindas Rantis Brimob, Gojek & Grab Buka Suara [Online Motorcycle Taxi Driver Killed by Brimob Tactical Vehicle, Gojek & Grab Reacted]. Bisnis.com. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-30]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-09-04๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  48. ^ Fajriadi, Alif Ilham. Ada Dua Pengemudi Ojol yang Dilindas Mobil Brimob, Satu Tewas [Two Ojol Drivers Run Over by Brimob Vehicle, One Dead]. Tempo. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-09-05๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  49. ^ Rosa, Maya Citra. Moh Umar, Ojol Korban Pengeroyokan Polisi Saat Demo Masih Dirawat di RS Pelni [Moh Umar, Online Motorcycle Taxi Driver Beaten by Police During Protest Still Hospitalized at Pelni Hospital]. Kompas. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-29] ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  50. ^ Alamsyah, Syahdan. Ojol Umar Amarudin Korban Demo Ricuh Masih Dirawat Intensif di RS Pelni. detikNews. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-10-13๏ผ‰.ย 
  51. ^ Anies Hadiri Pemakaman Affan: Mari Beri Keteduhan-Perjuangkan Keadilan. Detik News. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-09-05๏ผ‰.ย 
  52. ^ Kapolda Metro Jaya Hadiri Pemakaman Pengemudi Ojol Affan Kurniawan. Tempo. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-09-15๏ผ‰.ย 
  53. ^ Media, Kompas Cyber. Hadiri Pemakaman Affan Kurniawan, Jusuf Hamka Janji Biayai Pendidikan Adik Korban. KOMPAS. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-08-29๏ผ‰.ย 
  54. ^ Setiawanty, Intan. Massa Ojol Teriaki Kapolda Metro Jaya Pembunuh [Ojol Crowd Shouts 'Murderer' at Metro Jaya Police Chief]. Tempo. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-09-07๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  55. ^ Polisi Pembunuh Rakyat Trending Topik di X, Netizen: Rakyat Tidak Lagi Dilindungi. Jawa Pos. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-09-11๏ผ‰.ย 
  56. ^ Tiananmen di Pejompongan. [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-09-05๏ผ‰.ย 
  57. ^ Ketua Presidium Koalisi Ojol Nasional Beberkan Kronologi Pengemudi Tewas Ditabrak Mobil Barakuda Brimob. Liputan6. 2025-08-28 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-08-28๏ผ‰ ๏ผˆๅฐๅบฆๅฐผ่ฅฟไบš่ฏญ๏ผ‰.ย 
  58. ^ Driver Ojol Dilaporkan Tewas Dilindas Barracuda Brimob, Ini Respons Gojek. Media Indonesia. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-10-05๏ผ‰.ย 
  59. ^ Istana Minta Maaf atas Insiden Brimob Lindas Pengemudi Ojol. Tempo. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-09-30๏ผ‰.ย 
  60. ^ Kompolnas Kawal Transparan Pengusutan Rantis Brimob Lindas Ojol hingga Tewas. Detik News. 2025-08-29 [2025-08-29]. ๏ผˆๅŽŸๅง‹ๅ†…ๅฎนๅญ˜ๆกฃไบŽ2025-08-31๏ผ‰.ย 
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