ใใฎ่จไบใฏๆค่จผๅฏ่ฝใชๅ่ๆ็ฎใๅบๅ
ธใๅ
จใ็คบใใใฆใใชใใใไธๅๅใงใใ (2020ๅนด1ๆ) |
ไปฎๆณใใทใณ๏ผใใใใพใใใ่ฑ่ช: virtual machine๏ผใจใฏใไปฎๆณๅใพใใฏใจใใฅใฌใผใใใใใณใณใใฅใผใฟใฎใใจใใพใใใใใณใณใใฅใผใฟใฎๅไฝใใๅฅใฎใทในใใ ใงๅ็พใใใฝใใใฆใงใขใใใใณใใฎๅไฝ็ฐๅขใๆใใใไปฎๆณๆฉๆขฐใใใใใผใใฃใซใใทใณใใ็ฅ็งฐใVMใใจใๅผใฐใใใ
ๆฆ่ฆ
็ทจ้ไปฎๆณใใทใณใฏใใขใใชใฎไฝฟ็จใๆ้ฉๅใใๆนๆณใงใใใใณใณใใฅใผใฟใฎๅไฝใๅ็พใใใฝใใใฆใงใขใงใใใใใฎๆๆณใซใใฃใฆใ1ใคใฎใณใณใใฅใผใฟไธใง่คๆฐใฎใณใณใใฅใผใฟใใชใใฌใผใใฃใณใฐใทในใใ (OS) ใๅไฝใใใใใๅฅใฎใขใผใญใใฏใใฃ็จใฎใฝใใใฆใงใขใๅไฝใใใใใจใใงใใใขใใชใฑใผใทใงใณใไบใใซๅนฒๆธใใใฎใ้ฒใใ[1]ใ
็นใซใใณใณใใฅใผใฟๅ จไฝใๅ็พใใไปฃๆฟใใไปฎๆณใใทใณใใทในใใ ไปฎๆณใใทใณใจๅผใถใ
ใใ ใใใณใณใใฅใผใฟใฎๅๆใซใฏไปฎๆณ่จๆถใใใซใใฟในใฏใใใซใใฆใผใถใผใใฟใคใ ใทใงใขใชใณใฐใชใฉใ็พๅจใงใฏOSใฎๆฉ่ฝใจใชใฃใๆ่กใๅซใใๅ ดๅใใใใ
็นๅฎใฎใขใใชใฑใผใทใงใณใๅฎ่กใใใใใฎใใๅฐ่ฆๆจกใชใใฎใใใญใปในไปฎๆณใใทใณใจๅผใถใ
ๆนๆณ
็ทจ้ไปฎๆณใใทใณใฏใไปฎๆณๅใจใจใใฅใฌใผใทใงใณใฎ๏ผใคใฎๆนๆณใ็จใใใใใ
ไปฎๆณใใทใณใซใใใขใใญใผใใฏใไผๆฅญใๅไบบใใฌใฌใทใผใขใใชใฑใผใทใงใณใซๅฏพๅฆใใ1ๅฐใฎใณใณใใฅใผใฟใงๅฆ็ใงใใใใพใใพใช็จฎ้กใฎใขใใชใฑใผใทใงใณใๆๅคงๅใใใใจใงใใใผใใฆใงใขใฎไฝฟ็จใๆ้ฉๅใใใใใฎไธ่ฌ็ใชๆนๆณใงใใ[1]ใ
้ข้ฃๆ่ก
็ทจ้ๅฟ ใใใใณใณใใฅใผใฟๅ จไฝใไปฎๆณๅใใๅฟ ่ฆใฏใชใๅ ดๅใใใ้จๅ็ใชไปฎๆณๅใ็จใใใใใ
ไปฎๆณๅ
็ทจ้ไปฎๆณๅใฏใ1ๅฐใฎใณใณใใฅใผใฟใ่คๆฐใฎใใฝใณใณใจใใฆไฝฟ็จใใๅ ดๅใ๏ผใทใณใฏใฉใคใขใณใใใใซใใทใผใ๏ผใๅคงๅขใฎใฆใผใถใผใไฝฟ็จใใๅ ดๅ๏ผIaaSใชใฉใฎใฏใฉใฆใใตใผใใน๏ผใซใใใฆ็นใซ้่ฆใชๆ่กใงใใใ
ๆฉ่ฝ
็ทจ้ไธฆๅๅ
็ทจ้1ๅฐใฎใณใณใใฅใผใฟใ่คๆฐๅฐใฎใณใณใใฅใผใฟใจใใฆไฝฟ็จใงใใใใใซใชใใ
้้ข
็ทจ้ใใใญใณใฐใใจใฉใผใซใใๆชๅฝฑ้ฟใใณใณใใฅใผใฟๅ จไฝใซๅบใใใฎใ้ฒใใ
่ค่ฃฝ
็ทจ้ไปฎๆณใฎใณใณใใฅใผใฟใปใใผใใฆใงใขใงใใใฐๅฎ็ฉใฎใณใณใใฅใผใฟใใ้ฅใใซๅฎนๆใซ่ค่ฃฝใงใใใ
้ ๅ
็ทจ้ไปฎๆณใใทใณใซๅฟ ่ฆใชใชใฝใผในใๅฒใๅฝใฆใใใฏใฉใฆใใตใผใในไธใฎไปฎๆณใใทใณใฏ็ถๆณใซๅฟใใฆ่ชๅจใซใชใฝใผในใๅขใใใ่ฟ ้ใชในใฑใผใซใขใใใๅฏ่ฝใงใใใ
ๆ่ก
็ทจ้ไปฎๆณใใทใณใงใฏใ่คๆฐใฎไปฎๆณใใทใณใซ่จ็ฎ่ณๆบใใกใขใช่ณๆบใใใฃในใฏ่ณๆบใๅน็็ใซ้ ๅ(ในใฑใธใฅใผใซ)ใใใใใใผใใฆใงใขๅฒใ่พผใฟใชใฉใไผ้ใใๅฟ ่ฆใใใใใใใใๅถๅพกใใใใญใฐใฉใ ใใใคใใผใใคใถใจๅผใถใ
ๅฎๅ จไปฎๆณๅ
็ทจ้
ใณใณใใฅใผใฟๅ จไฝใๅ็พใใ็ฌ่ชใฎOSใไปฎๆณใใทใณไธใงๅฎ่กใงใใใใใซใใๆ่กใ
ใใผใใฆใงใขไปฎๆณๅ
็ทจ้ไปฎๆณๅใๆณๅฎใใฆไฝใใใใใผใใฆใงใขใซใใ้ซ้ๅใงใใใ
็พไปฃใฎใใฝใณใณใซไฝฟใใใฆใใใใญใปใใตใซใฏIntel VT-xใAMD-Vใชใฉใฎไปฎๆณๅๆ่กใๆจๆบ็ใซๆญ่ผใใใฆใใใ
ๆบไปฎๆณๅ
็ทจ้ไปฎๆณใใทใณไธใงๅไฝใใOSใซใใใใใฎๅคๆดใๅ ใใใใจใงไปฎๆณใใผใใฆใงใขใไฝฟใใไธ้จๅไฝใๅฎ็พใใใใใใซใใๅฎๅ จไปฎๆณๅใใ้ซ้ๅใงใใใ
ใจใใฅใฌใผใทใงใณ
็ทจ้่จญ่จใฎ็ฐใชใใใผใใฆใงใขใปใฝใใใฆใงใขใๅ็พใใ๏ผใจใใฅใฌใผใทใงใณ๏ผใใจใงๆฌๆฅๅไฝใใชใใฝใใใฆใงใขใๅฎ่กใงใใใใใซใชใใ
ใจใใฅใฌใผใทใงใณใฏใใฒใผใ ใจใใฅใฌใผใฟใไบๆๆง็ขบไฟใใใซใใใฉใใใใฉใผใ ใฎๅฎ็พใซใใใฆ็นใซ้่ฆใชๆ่กใงใใใ
ๆฉ่ฝ
็ทจ้ๆฉๆขฐ่ชใฎๅคๆ
็ทจ้ใฒใผใ ใจใใฅใฌใผใฟใฎๅคใใฏใฒใผใ ๆฉใฎๆฉๆขฐ่ชใใฝใใใฆใงใขใงๅคๆใใใฝใณใณ็ญใงๅฎ่กใงใใใใใซใใฆใใใ
WindowsใงใฏWOW64ใจใใใจใใฅใฌใผใฟใงๆฉๆขฐ่ชใๅคๆใๅคใใใฝใณใณใฎใฝใใใๅฎ่กใงใใใใใซใใฆใใใ
ใฝใใใฆใงใขใฎๅไฝๅ็พ
็ทจ้WineใฏWindows APIใจWindows NTใซใผใใซใฎๅไฝใๅ็พใใใใจใงใLinuxไธใงWindowsใฎใฝใใใฆใงใขใๅไฝใๅฏ่ฝใซใใฆใใใ
ไธญ้่กจ็พใฎๅคๆ
็ทจ้Javaไปฎๆณใใทใณใฏไธญ้่กจ็พใๅคๆใใใใจใงในใใใใใฝใณใณใชใฉ็ฐใชใใใผใใฆใงใขใงๅใใใญใฐใฉใ ใฎๅไฝใๅฏ่ฝใซใใฆใใใ
ไธญ้่กจ็พใๅฎ่กใใไปฎๆณใใทใณใpใณใผใใใทใณใจๅผใถใ
ๅฎ่ฃ
็ทจ้ใฝใใใฆใงใขใซใใไปฎๆณCPUใซใใคใใณใผใใๅฎ่กใใใๅฝขๅผใไธ่ฌ็ใงใใใใใคใใณใผใใฎๅฎ่กๆนๆณใซใฏใคใณใฟใใชใฟๆนๅผใๅฎ่กๅใซๅ จใใคใใณใผใใใใคใใฃใใซๅคๆใใไบๅใณใณใใคใซๆนๅผใๅฎ่กๆใณใณใใคใซๆนๅผใใใใ็พๅจใงใฏใๆง่ฝใฎ่ฆณ็นใใๅฎ่กๆใณใณใใคใซๆนๅผใไธปๆตใงใใใ
ใขใผใญใใฏใใฃ
็ทจ้ใใผใใฆใงใขใฎๅถ็ดใใชใใฎใ็นๅพดใงใใใ ๅใคใใฎๆผ็ฎใใตใใผใใใฆใใไปฎๆณใใทใณใใใใ
ไพ
็ทจ้| ใขใผใญใใฏใใฃ | ๅฎ่ฃ | ็นๅพด |
|---|---|---|
| ActionScript ไปฎๆณใใทใณ | Adobe AIR Adobe Flash Player |
ในใฟใใฏใใทใณ |
| CLI | PlayStation Mobile | CLR ในใฟใใฏใใทใณ |
| Erlang VM | BEAM | |
| Javaไปฎๆณใใทใณ | GNU Interpreter for Java HotSpot IKVM.NET Kaffe leJOS Microsoft VM SableVM |
ในใฟใใฏใใทใณ |
| Lazy Virtual Machine | ||
| LLVM | ๆ้ฉๅใฎใใใฎใณใณใใคใฉๅบ็ค | |
| Lua VM | Lua | ใฌใธในใฟๅใฎใทใณใใซใชใขใผใญใใฏใใฃ |
| Parrotไปฎๆณใใทใณ | Parrot | ใฌใธในใฟๅ |
| Pใณใผใใใทใณ | UCSD Pascal | |
| Pythonไปฎๆณใใทใณ[2] | CPython | ในใฟใใฏใใทใณ |
| Smalltalk VM | Smalltalk-72/74/76/78/80 ObjectWorks VisualWorks Squeak VisualAge Smalltalk Little Smalltalk GNU Smalltalk Smalltalk/V Smalltalk/X ไป |
ในใฟใใฏใใทใณ |
ไปฎๆณใใทใณใฎใใผใใฆใงใขๅ
็ทจ้ใใใใฎไปฎๆณใใทใณใฏ็่ซ็ใซ่จญ่จใใใใใฎใงใใใใๅฎ่กใๆ้ฉๅใใใใใซๅฏพๅฟใใใใผใใฆใงใขใ่ฃฝ้ ใใใๅ ดๅใใใใ
- PascalใฎPใณใผใใใทใณใฏใฆใงในใฟใณใปใใธใฟใซ MCP-1600ใใใใปใใใไฝใใใ
- Javaใงใฏใใตใณใปใใคใฏใญใทในใใ ใบใฎen:picoJavaใชใฉใฎen:Java processorใใใใ
- ARMใขใผใญใใฏใใฃใซใฏJazelleใจๅผใฐใใJavaใใคใใณใผใใฎใใใฎๆกๅผตใใใใ
ๆญดๅฒ
็ทจ้- 1958ๅนด IBM 709๏ผใใคใฏใญใณใผใใซใใใๅ็จๅใฎๅฅใขใผใญใใฏใใฃใฎใจใใฅใฌใผใฟ๏ผ
- 1961ๅนด ใใญใผใน B5000๏ผๅ็จๅใฎไปฎๆณ่จๆถ่ฃ ็ฝฎ๏ผ
- 1964ๅนด IBM System/360
- ใณใณใใฅใผใฟใปใขใผใญใใฏใใฃใฎ็ขบ็ซ๏ผใใคใฏใญใณใผใใซใใไธไฝไบๆใฎ็ขบ็ซ๏ผ
- CP-67๏ผๅ็จๅใฎไปฎๆณๅOS๏ผ
- 1970ๅนด IBM System/370๏ผๅ็จๅใฎ่คๆฐใขใใฌใน็ฉบ้๏ผ
- 1973ๅนด IBM System/370 ใขใใซ158/168๏ผๅ็จๅใฎ็ฉ็ๅๅฒ๏ผ
- 1985ๅนด ใคใณใใซ i386ใงไปฎๆณ86ใขใผใๆก็จ
- 1987ๅนด IBM PR/SM๏ผๅ็จๅใฎใใกใผใ ใฆใงใขใซใใ่ซ็ๅๅฒ (LPAR)๏ผ
- 1995ๅนด Javaๅ ฌๅผ็บ่กจ๏ผJavaไปฎๆณใใทใณใฎ็ปๅ ด๏ผ
- 1997ๅนด ใตใณใปใใคใฏใญใทในใใ ใบ ใใคใใใใฏใทในใใ ใใกใคใณ๏ผDSDใUNIXใตใผใใงใฏๅใฎ็ฉ็ๅๅฒๆฉ่ฝ๏ผ
- 1999ๅนด VMwareใฎ็ปๅ ด๏ผx86ใทในใใ ใฎๆฌๆ ผ็ใชๅ็จไปฎๆณๅOS๏ผ
- 2001ๅนด IBM pSeries๏ผUNIXใตใผใใงใฏๅใฎ่ซ็ๅๅฒ (LPAR)๏ผ
- 2008ๅนด3ๆ ใชใฉใฏใซ Oracle VMใ็บ่กจ๏ผใใผในใฏXen๏ผ
- 2008ๅนด6ๆ ใใคใฏใญใฝใใ Hyper-V๏ผ้็บใณใผใๅ Viridian๏ผใ็บ่กจ
ไธปใชไพ
็ทจ้- ใใผใใฆใงใข๏ผใใซใใฃใณใฐใใญใใฏ๏ผใฎๆฉ่ฝใซใใ็ฉ็ๅๅฒ
- IBMใฎPPARใใตใณใปใใคใฏใญใทในใใ ใบใฎDSDใใใฅใผใฌใใใปใใใซใผใใฎnParsใชใฉใใใฌใผใใตใผใใๅซใๅ ดๅใใใใ
- ใใผใใฆใงใข๏ผใใคใฏใญใณใผใ๏ผใฎๆฉ่ฝใซใใ่ซ็ๅๅฒ
- ไปฎๆณๅใฝใใใฆใงใขใฎๆฉ่ฝใซใใๅๅฒ
- z/VMใVMwareใXenใVirtualBoxใHyper-Vใชใฉใๅ ้จ็ใซใใผใใฆใงใขใฎๆฉ่ฝใๆดป็จใใฆใใๅ ดๅใๅคใใ
- OSใฎๆฉ่ฝใซใใ่คๆฐOS็ฐๅข
- AIX 6 ใฏใผใฏใญใผใใใผใใฃใทใงใณใSolaris10 SolarisใณใณใใใชใฉใใชใHyper-VใฏWindows Server 2008ใฎไธ้จใจใใฆๆไพใใใใใๅไฝๆไพใใใใๆ่ก็ใปๆง้ ็ใซใฏๅฐ็จใฎไปฎๆณๅOSใงใใใ
- ใใใซใฆใงใขใฎๆฉ่ฝใซใใ่ฒ ่ท็ฎก็
- z/OSใฏใผใฏใญใผใใใใผใธใฃใAIXใฏใผใฏใญใผใใใใผใธใฃใSolarisใชใฝใผในใใใผใธใฃใHP-UXใฏใผใฏใญใผใใใใผใธใฃใชใฉ
ใกใคใณใใฌใผใ
็ทจ้ใใผใใฆใงใขใซใใไปฎๆณๅ
็ทจ้1940ๅนดไปฃ-1950ๅนดไปฃใฎใณใณใใฅใผใฟใฏใๆฉ็จฎใใจใซใขใผใญใใฏใใฃใ็ฐใชใใฎใใใใใพใใงใใฃใใใๆขๅญใฎ่จญ่จใๅ่ใซใใใใจใงๆฐ่ฆ่จญ่จใฎใชในใฏใ้ฟใใใใใใใฎใณใณใใฅใผใฟใฎๆขๅญใฎใใญใฐใฉใ ใปใฉใคใใฉใชใๆต็จใใใใใชใฉใฎ็ฎ็ใงใๆขๅญๆฉใจๅฝไปคใปใใใซไบๆๆงใๆใใใใ่ซ็่จญ่จใๅ ฑ้ใซใใใไธ็จฎใฎไบๆๆฉใจ่จใใใใทใณใๅญๅจใใใใใจใใฐEDSACใฏใใๅ่ใซใใใใ
1958ๅนด IBM 709ใฏใๆขๅญใฎIBM 704ใฎๅฝไปคใปใใใใใคใฏใญใณใผใใงใจใใฅใฌใผใทใงใณใใไธไฝไบๆๆงใๆไพใใใ1964ๅนด IBM System/360ใฏใๅๆงใซๆขๅญใฎIBM 1401ใIBM 1620ใฎๅฝไปคใปใใใใใคใฏใญใณใผใใงใจใใฅใฌใผใทใงใณใใใใพใใๅฝไปคใปใใใขใผใญใใฏใใฃใๅฎ็พฉใๆจๆบๅใใไปฅๅพใฎไบๆๆงใๆไพใใ๏ผ้ๅธธใฏไปฎๆณๅใจๅผใฐใใชใใใใใญใฐใฉใ ใใ่ฆใใฐไธ็จฎใฎไปฎๆณใใทใณใจ่จใใใใใฎๅนๆใจใใฆใใกใคใณใใฌใผใ ใงใฏใขใปใณใใช่จ่ชใงใใใคใใชใงใใ40ๅนดไปฅไธ็ต้ใใ็พๅจใพใงไบๆใ็ถใใฆใใ๏ผใ1973ๅนด IBM System/370ใขใใซ158ใใใณใขใใซ168ใซใใใ็ฉ็ๅๅฒ๏ผPPAR๏ผใใตใใผใใๅไธใฎใณใณใใฅใผใฟใจใใฆใใ่คๆฐใฎใณใณใใฅใผใฟใจใใฆใไฝฟ็จๅฏ่ฝใใใ ใ็ดฐใใใชใฝใผในใฎๅฒใๅฝใฆใฏใงใใใๅคๆดใซใฏใณใณใใฅใผใฟๅ จไฝใฎๅ่ตทๅใๅฟ ่ฆใ
1987ๅนด IBM 3090 ใฎ PR/SMใซใใใๅคๆฐใฎ่ซ็ๅบ็ป๏ผLPAR๏ผใไฝๆใใใณใณใใฅใผใฟๅ จไฝใฎๅๆญขใไผดใใใใใๆ่ปใชใชใฝใผในใฎๅฒใๅฝใฆใๅฏ่ฝใจใชใฃใใIBMใฎPR/SMใซ็ธๅฝใใๆฉ่ฝใซใฏใๆฅ็ซ่ฃฝไฝๆ PRMFใชใฉใใใใ
ไปฎๆณๅOSใซใใไปฎๆณๅ
็ทจ้1964ๅนด IBM System/360ใงใฏใๅ็จๅใฎไปฎๆณๅOSใงใใ CP-40ใCP-67ใซใใใใฒใจใคใฎใณใณใใฅใผใฟใง่คๆฐใฎไปฎๆณใณใณใใฅใผใฟใไฝๆใใใใใใใงใฒในใOS ๏ผMVSใCMSใชใฉ๏ผใ็จผๅใใใไบใใงใใใใใฎไปฎๆณๅOSใฏ VM/CMS ใจใชใใ็พๅจใ z/VM ใจใใฆใๅคๆฐใฎใฒในใOS๏ผLinuxใชใฉ๏ผใๅๆ็จผๅใใใ็จ้ใงใไฝฟใใใฆใใใ
IBMใฎz/VMใซ็ธๅฝใใ่ฃฝๅใซใฏใๅฏๅฃซ้ AVMใๆฅ็ซ่ฃฝไฝๆ VMS ใชใฉใใใใ
OSใซใใใชใฝใผในใฎไปฎๆณๅ
็ทจ้OSใฎๆฉ่ฝใซใใๅ็จฎใชใฝใผในใฎไปฎๆณๅใซใฏใไปฎๆณ่จๆถใใใซใใฟในใฏใใใซใใฆใผใถใผใใฟใคใ ใทใงใขใชใณใฐใชใฉใใใใไธป่จๆถ่ฃ ็ฝฎใฎไปฎๆณๅใงใใไปฎๆณ่จๆถใฏใๅ็จใงใฏ1961ๅนดใฎใใญใผใน B5000ใง็ปๅ ดใใ1970ๅนดใฎIBM System/370ใงๅบใๆฎๅใใใใใซใใฟในใฏ๏ผใขใใชใฑใผใทใงใณใซใใใใซใใใญใฐใฉใใณใฐใงใฏใชใใOSใฎๆฉ่ฝใซใใใใซใใฟในใฏ๏ผใฏๅ็จใงใฏใOS/360ใฎใใชใจใผใทใงใณใฎใฒใจใคใงใใMVTใจใๅพ็ถใฎMVSใง็ปๅ ดใใๅบใๆฎๅใใใๅ ฅๅบๅๅพ ใกใชใฉใซCPUใไปใฎๅฆ็ใ่กใใใใใๅฆ็ใฎๅฟ็ญๆ้็ญ็ธฎใจๅ จไฝใฎในใซใผใใใๅไธใใใใใใใใใชใใใกใคใณใใฌใผใ ใซใใใใใใใฎใใใซใใฟในใฏใใฏใๅใซ่คๆฐใฎใใญใฐใฉใ ใๅๆใซๅใใใใจใใใ ใใงใฏใชใใ่คๆฐใฎ็ฌ็ซใใใขใใฌใน็ฉบ้๏ผใชใผใธใงใณ๏ผใไฝๆใใใใผใใฆใงใขใฎๆฉ่ฝใไฝฟ็จใใฆๅฎๅ จใซๅ้ขใใๅๆ็จผๅใใใใญใฐใฉใ ๅๅฃซใฏ็ดๆฅ่ฆใใชใ๏ผใใฐใๆชๆใใใใญใฐใฉใ ใงใ็ธไบใซๅนฒๆธใงใใชใ๏ผใใฎใงใใใใใฎ็นใงใฏใๅพใฎๅ็จฎUNIXใWindowsใชใฉใฎใใใซใใฟในใฏใใจๆฏ่ผใใใจใใไปฎๆณใใทใณใใซ่ฟใใฌใใซใฎใใฎใงใๅฏ็จๆงใใปใญใฅใชใใฃใๅไธใใใๅๆงใฎไป็ตใฟใฏ2009ๅนด็พๅจใMVSใฎๅพ็ถใฎz/OSใฎไปใIBM z/VSEใๅฏๅฃซ้ MSP/XSPใๆฅ็ซ่ฃฝไฝๆ VOS3 ใชใฉใงใๆก็จใใฆใใ[3]ใใฟใคใ ใทใงใขใชใณใฐ๏ผๆๅๅฒๅค้๏ผใซใใไธฆๅๅฆ็๏ผใใซใใฆใผใถใผ๏ผใฏใใขใใชใฑใผใทใงใณใใญใฐใฉใ ใใฆใผใถใผใซใ่คๆฐใฎใณใณใใฅใผใฟใๅๆไฝฟ็จใใใคใกใผใธใใใใใใใชใณใฉใคใณใปใชใขใซใฟใคใ ๅฆ็ใฎๆฎๅใใใใใใใใชใใใใซใใฟในใฏใจใฟใคใ ใทใงใขใชใณใฐใฏๅฅใฎๆ่กใงใใใใ็พๅจใงใฏ็ตใฟๅใใใฆไฝฟ็จใใใฆใใใ๏ผไธ่จใฎMVSใชใฉใงใฏใใใซใใฟในใฏ็ฐๅขใฎไธ้จใงใใฟใคใ ใทใงใขใชใณใฐ็ฐๅขใ็จผๅใใใใใใซใใใใซใใฆใผใถใผใๅฎ็พใใฆใใใใพใใใซใใฟในใฏ่ชไฝใใๅๆใซใฏๅ ฅๅบๅๅพ ใกใซใใๅฒใ่พผใฟใๅบๆฌใงใใฃใใใ็พๅจใงใฏใฟใคใ ใทใงใชใณใฐใซใใๅฒใ่พผใฟใไฝต็จใใฆใใใ๏ผ
ใใใใฌใณใธ
็ทจ้1979ๅนด IBM System/38ใฏใTIMI๏ผTechnology Independent Machine Interfaceใๆ่กใซไพๅญใใชใใใทใณใคใณใฟใผใใงใคใน๏ผใๆก็จใใใTIMIใฏใใกใคใณใใฌใผใ ใงๆก็จใใใใใคใฏใญใณใผใใซใใไบๆๆง็ขบไฟใๆดใซ้ฒใใใใฎใงใไธปใซๆฐดๅนณๅใฌใใซใปใใคใฏใญใณใผใใซใใๅฎ็พใใใใใผใใฆใงใขใปใขใผใญใใฏใใฃ(CPUๅฝไปคใปใใ็ญ)ใจใใญใฐใฉใ ใๅ้ขใใฆใใใใใญใฐใฉใ ใฎ้ ๅธใฏไธญ้ใณใผใใงใใใใคใใณใผใใง่กใใใใคใณในใใผใซๆใซใใผใใฆใงใขใฎๅฝไปคใปใใใซๅฑ้ใใใใใใฎใใใฝใผในใใญใฐใฉใ ใ้ ๅธใใใใจ็กใใๅฎ่กๆใฎๆง่ฝใ็ ็ฒใซใใใใจใใชใใๅฅใฎใขใผใญใใฏใใฃใฎใใผใใฆใงใขใธใฎ็งป่กใๅฎนๆใงใใใๅฎ้ใCPUใขใผใญใใฏใใฃใฎ็งป่ก(็ฌ่ชCISCโPOWER)ใๅฎนๆใซ่กใใใจใใใใ
TIMIใฏSystem/38ๅพ็ถใฎAS/400ใiSeriesใSystem iใPower Systems i Edition ใซใ็พๅจใงใไฝฟ็จใใใฆใใใใพใ็พๅจใฏLPARใชใฉใจไฝต็จใงใใ๏ผๅพ่ฟฐใฎPowerVMใๅ็ ง๏ผใๅ็คพใฎๅ็จใใใใฌใณใธใณใณใใฅใผใฟ๏ผใชใใฃในใณใณใใฅใผใฟใใใใณใณใใฅใผใฟ๏ผใงใฏใTIMIใจๅ็ญใฎๆฉ่ฝใๆใฃใใทใชใผใบใฏใ้ๅปใ็พๅจใๅญๅจใใชใใ
ๅ็จUNIX
็ทจ้ๅ็จUNIXใใณใใผใซใใไปฎๆณๅๆ่กใซใฏไปฅไธใใใใ็พๅจใฎไปฎๆณๅๆ่กใฏๅ็จฎใฎใใผใใฆใงใขใจใฝใใใฆใงใขใๅฏๆฅใซ้ฃๆบใใฆใใใใพใใใณใใผใซใใๅๆ่กใฎ็ฏๅฒใ็ฐใชใใใใใใณใใผๅไฝใซ่จ่ผใใใ
- IBM PowerVM - 3ใจใใฃใทใงใณใใใๅ
จใขใใซใซๆญ่ผใ
- LPAR ๏ผ่ซ็ๅบ็ป๏ผ - ใใกใผใ ใฆใงใขใซใใ่ซ็ๅๅฒใ่คๆฐOSใ็จผๅใ
- ใใคใฏใญใใผใใฃใทใงใใณใฐ - CPUใๆๅฐ10ๅใฎ1ใใ100ๅใฎ1ๅไฝใงLPARใซๅฒใๅฝใฆใใ
- WPAR - OS๏ผAIX๏ผใฎๆจๆบๆฉ่ฝใใขใใชใฑใผใทใงใณใใ่ฆใฆ่คๆฐใฎOS็ฐๅข๏ผใคใณในใฟใณใน๏ผใๆไพใๅคใAIX V5.2ใใWPARใง็จผๅๅฏ่ฝใ
- AIX WLM - ใใใซใฆใงใขใฎๆฉ่ฝใงใขใใชใฑใผใทใงใณใฎใฏใผใฏใญใผใใๅถๅพกใ
- Sun N1ๆงๆณ๏ผunified virtualization manager environment๏ผ
- DSD ๏ผdynamic system domain๏ผ - ็ฉ็ๅๅฒใๅ็ใชใชใฝใผใน็งปๅใๅฏ่ฝใไธไฝๆฉ็จฎใฎใฟใ
- LDOM ๏ผlogical domain๏ผ - ใใกใผใ ใฆใงใขใซใใ่ซ็ๅๅฒใ่คๆฐOSใ็จผๅใไธไฝๆฉ็จฎใฎใฟใซๆไพไบๅฎใ
- Solarisใณใณใใ - OS๏ผSolaris 10๏ผใฎๆจๆบๆฉ่ฝใใขใใชใฑใผใทใงใณใใ่ฆใฆ่คๆฐใฎOS็ฐๅข๏ผใคใณในใฟใณใน๏ผใๆไพใ
- Solarisใชใฝใผในใปใใใผใธใฃ - ใใใซใฆใงใขใฎๆฉ่ฝใงใขใใชใฑใผใทใงใณใฎใฏใผใฏใญใผใใๅถๅพก
- HP Virtual Server Environment for HP-UX
- nPartitions๏ผnPars๏ผ - ใใผใใฆใงใขใซใใใใผใใฃใทใงใใณใฐๆ่ก
- Virtual Partitions๏ผvPars๏ผ - nParใใใใซๅๅฒใงใใ่ซ็ใใผใใฃใทใงใณๆ่กใ1ใใญใปใใตๅไฝใงๆงๆ
- HP Integrity Virtual Machines ๏ผIntegrity VM๏ผ - ๅใใผใใฃใทใงใณใซใใญใปใใตใปใชใฝใผในใ5% - 100%ใฎ็ฏๅฒใงๅ็ใซๅฒใๅฝใฆใใๆ่ปใชsub-CPUใใผใใฃใทใงใณใใณใฐๆ่ก ใ
- HP-UX Workload Manager - ใใผใใฃใทใงใใณใฐใใฏใฉในใฟใใฆใผใใฃใชใใฃใปใใฉใคใทใณใฐใจ้ฃๆบใใใตใผใในใฌใใซ็ถญๆใซๅใใ ใชใฝใผในๅฒใๅฝใฆใ่ชๅๅ ใ
- Apple macOS
- Hypervisor.framework[4] - macOS 10.10ไปฅ้
- Virtualization framework[5] - macOS 11.0ไปฅ้
UNIX/Linux/Windowsใชใฉ
็ทจ้UnixใLinuxใWindowsไธใงๅไฝใใไปฎๆณใใทใณใซใฏใVMwareใXenใOracle VM๏ผใใผในใฏXen๏ผใHyper-Vใชใฉใใใใ็ฉ็็่ณๆบใๅบๅใใใฆ็นๅฎใฎใฏใผใฏใญใผใใใทในใใ ๅ จไฝใ็ฌๅ ใใใชใๆฉๆง(ไปฎๆณใใทใณใขใใฟ)ใๆใคใ
ไธๅฐใฎใณใณใใฅใผใฟใ่คๆฐใฎใณใณใใฅใผใฟใจใใฆไฝฟใใใจใใงใใใใชใใฌใผใใฃใณใฐใทในใใ ใฎๅคๆดใชใใซ่คๆฐใฎใฒในใใชใใฌใผใใฃใณใฐใทในใใ ใ็จผๅใงใใใ็จผๅใใใ่คๆฐใฎใฒในใใชใใฌใผใใฃใณใฐใทในใใ ใฏใๅ จใๅฅใฎ็จฎ้กใฎใชใใฌใผใใฃใณใฐใทในใใ ใงใใใใจใๅฏ่ฝใงใใใๅ ใ ไปฎๆณใใทใณใขใใฟใฏใกใคใณใใฌใผใ ใซใใใฆใใฎ่ณๆบใๅใฏใผใฏใญใผใใฎ่ฒ ่ทใซๅฟใใฆๅ็ใซๅๅฒใใใทในใใ ๅ จไฝใฎๅฉ็จๅน็ใไธใใใใใซ็จใใใใใ่จ็ฎๆฉใ้ซๆง่ฝๅใใ็พๅจใงใฏใๅฐ่ฆๆจกใชWebใในใใฃใณใฐใฎใใใชๅฆ็ใงใใฃใฆใใใใใใไปฎๆณใใทใณใขใใฟใ็จใใฆไธฆๅใซๅฎ่กใใใใจใ่กใใใฆใใใ
CPUใฎๆฉ่ฝใซใใไปฎๆณๅ
็ทจ้ใคใณใใซใฎ80386ใงๆก็จใใใไปฎๆณ86ใขใผใใฏใใใญใใฏใใขใผใๅฐๅ ฅไปฅๅใฎx86ใฎใขใผใญใใฏใใฃใซๅใฃใ๏ผใชใขใซใขใผใใฎ๏ผใฟในใฏใใใญใใฏใใฎไธใงๅฎ่กใใไปฎๆณใใทใณใๆไพใใใOS/2 2.0 ใ Windows 3.0ใชใฉใฎDOSไบๆ็ฐๅข๏ผไปฎๆณDOSใใทใณ๏ผใงไฝฟ็จใใใใ
็พๅจใฎCPUใขใผใญใใฏใใฃ(x64ใSPARCใPOWERใIA-64ใชใฉ)ใงใฏใใใใใไปฎๆณใใทใณใฝใใใฆใงใขใจOSใซใใไปฎๆณๅใๆฏๆดใใๆฉ่ฝใๆใฃใฆใใ๏ผx86ไปฎๆณๅใชใฉใๅ็ ง๏ผใ
่ๆณจ
็ทจ้- ^ a b Stallings, William,. Foundations of modern networking: SDN, NFV, QoE, IoT, and Cloud. Agboma, Florence, Jelassi, Sofiene,. Indianapolis, Indiana. ISBNย 978-0-13-417547-8. OCLCย 927715441
- ^ โdis --- Python ใใคใใณใผใใฎ้ใขใปใณใใฉใผโ. Python documentation. 2025ๅนด5ๆ13ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
- ^ โThuรช vpsโ (ใใใใ ่ช) (2024ๅนด8ๆ23ๆฅ). 2025ๅนด5ๆ13ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
- ^ โHypervisor | Apple Developer Documentationโ. web.archive.org (2018ๅนด2ๆ9ๆฅ). 2020ๅนด11ๆ23ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
- ^ โVirtualizationโ. developer.apple.com. 2022ๅนด8ๆ18ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
้ข้ฃ้ ็ฎ
็ทจ้- ไปฎๆณใขใใฉใคใขใณใน
- x86ไปฎๆณๅ
- ใจใใฅใฌใผใฟ
- ในใฌใใใใใณใผใ
- ไปฎๆณๅOS
- ใใผใใฆใงใขใซใใไปฎๆณใใทใณ
- OSใซใใไปฎๆณใใทใณ
- ่ฆๆ ผ
