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Terdapat 61 negara di keenam benua yang menjadikan bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa resmi negara. Meskipun demikian, Britania Raya dan Amerika Serikat sebagai dua negara kiblat utama, tidak menjadikan bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa resmi secara hukum (de jure) melainkan hanya dalam pengakuan umum (de facto).

Bahasa Inggris diakui sebagai bahasa resmi secara de jure

sunting
Negara Benua Populasi
 Afrika Selatan[1] Afrika 47.850.700
 Antigua dan Barbuda[2] Amerika Utara 85.000
 Bahama Amerika Utara 331.000
 Barbados[3] Amerika Utara 294.000
 Belize [4] Amerika Tengah 288.000
 Botswana Afrika 1.882.000
 Dominika Amerika Utara 73.000
 Fiji Oseania 827.900
 Filipina[5] Asia 90.457.200
 Gambia Afrika 1.709.000
 Ghana Afrika 23.478.000
 Grenada Amerika Utara 106.000
 Guyana[6] Amerika Selatan 738.000
 India Asia 1.143.540.000
 Irlandia Eropa 4.517.800
 Jamaika[7] Amerika Utara 2.714.000
 Kamerun Afrika 18.549.000
 Kanada Amerika Utara 33.531.000
 Kenya Afrika 37.538.000
 Kiribati Oseania 95.000
 Lesotho Afrika 2.008.000
 Liberia Afrika 3.750.000
 Malawi[8] Afrika 13.925.000
 Malta Eropa 412.600
 Kepulauan Marshall Oseania 59.000
 Mauritius Afrika 1.262.000
 Mikronesia Oseania 111.000
 Namibia Afrika 2.074.000
 Nauru[9] Oseania 10.000
 Nigeria[10] Afrika 148.093.000
 Pakistan Asia 165.449.000
 Palau Oseania 20.000
 Papua New Guinea[11][12] Oseania 6.331.000
 Rwanda Afrika 9.725.000
 Saint Kitts and Nevis[13] Amerika Utara 50.000
 Saint Lucia Amerika Utara 165.000
 Saint Vincent dan Grenadines[14] Amerika Utara 120.000
 Samoa[15] Oseania 188.359
 Selandia Baru Oseania 4.294.350
 Seychelles Afrika 87.000
 Sierra Leone Afrika 5.866.000
 Singapura[16] Asia 4.839.400
 Kepulauan Solomon Oseania 506.992
 Sudan Afrika 38.560.000
 Swaziland Afrika 1.141.000
 Tanzania Afrika 40.454.000
 Tonga[17] Oseania 100.000
 Trinidad dan Tobago Amerika Utara 1.333.000
 Tuvalu Oseania 11.000
 Uganda Afrika 30.884.000
 Vanuatu[18] Oseania 226.000
 Yordania Asia 6.407.058
 Zambia Afrika 11.922.000
 Zimbabwe Afrika 13.349.000

Bahasa Inggris diakui sebagai bahasa resmi secara de facto

sunting
Negara Benua Populasi
 Australia[19] Oseania 22.374.370
 Britania Raya (UK) Eropa 61.612.300
 Amerika Serikat (AS) Amerika Utara 309.442.000
Bahasa Inggris diakui sebagai bahasa sekunder secara de facto
Negara Benua Populasi
 Bangladesh[20] Asia 150.039.000
 Brunei[21][22] Asia 415.717
 Eritrea Afrika 6.234.000
 Ethiopia Afrika 85.000.000
 Israel[23] Asia 8.051.200
 Malaysia[24] Asia 30.018.242
 Sri Lanka[25][26] Asia 20.277.597

Referensi

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  1. ^ "Constitution of the Republic of South Afrika". Constitutional Court of South Afrika. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2009-01-16. Diakses tanggal 2009-01-11.
  2. ^ Official language; "Field Listing - Languages". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2014-03-07. Diakses tanggal 2009-01-11. .
  3. ^ "Society". Government Information Service (Barbados). Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2009-02-13. Diakses tanggal 2009-01-18.
  4. ^ English usage; "Field Listing - Languages". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2014-03-07. Diakses tanggal 2009-01-11. .
  5. ^ "Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines. Article XIV". Chanrobles Law Library. 1987. Diakses tanggal October 27. 2007. (See Article XIV. Section 7)
  6. ^ "National Profile". Government Information Agency (Guyana). Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2008-08-20. Diakses tanggal 2009-01-18.
  7. ^ The Constitution of Jamaica (section 20(6e) — implicit)
  8. ^ Malawi Investment Promotion Agency (August 2005). "Opportunities for investment and Trade in Malawi – the Warm Heart of Afrika". Government of Malawi. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2009-02-25. Diakses tanggal 2009-01-18.
  9. ^ "Nauru". New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade. 2008-12-03. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2008-12-25. Diakses tanggal 2009-01-18. English and Nauruan are official.
  10. ^ "Country profile: Nigeria". BBC News. April 30. 2008. Diakses tanggal November 10. 2008.
  11. ^ "General Information on Papua New Guinea". Papua New Guinea Tourism Promotion Authority. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2018-12-26. Diakses tanggal 2009-01-18.
  12. ^ "Country profile: Papua New Guinea". BBC News. 2008-11-28.[pranala nonaktif permanen]
  13. ^ "Primary Schools". Government of St Christopher (St Kitts) and Nevis. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2018-12-26. Diakses tanggal 2009-01-18.
  14. ^ "St. Vincent and the Grenadines Profile". Agency for Public Information (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines). Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2008-12-01. Diakses tanggal 2009-01-18.
  15. ^ "Legislations: List of Acts and Ordinances". The Parliament of Samoa. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2006-10-01. Diakses tanggal 2009-01-18. Languages for official legislation are Samoan and English.
  16. ^ Wong, Aline (2000-11-24). "Education in a Multicultural Setting - The Singapore Experience". Ministry of Education. Government of Singapore. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2018-12-26. Diakses tanggal 2009-01-18. There are four official languages: English. Chinese. Malay and Tamil.
  17. ^ Kingdom of Tonga (March 2008). "The United Nations / Universal Periodic Review by the United Nations Human Rights Council". Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2009-01-25. Diakses tanggal 2009-01-18. English and Tongan are listed as official.
  18. ^ "Constitution of the Republic of Vanuatu". Government of the Republic of Vanuatu. 1980–83. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2009-01-24. Diakses tanggal 2009-01-18. Pemeliharaan CS1: Format tanggal (link)
  19. ^ "Pluralist Nations: Pluralist Language Policies?". 1995 Global Cultural Diversity Conference Proceedings. Sydney. Department of Immigration and Citizenship. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2008-12-20. Diakses tanggal 11 January 2009. "English has no de jure status but it is so entrenched as the common language that it is de facto the official language as well as the national language."
  20. ^ "Teaching of English continued in primary,secondary and tertiary level not because it was the official language but it became the language of trade and commerce. English is the second language of the country and in many places English is more important than Bengali in Bangladesh."
  21. ^ English is a "Statutory national working language." Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.). 2013. "Brunei." Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Seventeenth edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Online edition: https://www.ethnologue.com/country/BN.
  22. ^ Under the constitution of 1959, Malay is the official language of Brunei; but English may be used "for all official purposes." Laws are written in English and Malay, with the English version being the authoritative one. "Laws of Brunei: Revised Edition. Section 82" (PDF). 1984.
  23. ^ Spolsky, Bernard (1999). Round Table on Language and Linguistics. Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press. hlm. 169–70. ISBN 0-87840-132-6. In 1948, the newly independent state of Israel took over the old British regulations that had set English, Arabic, and Hebrew as official languages for Mandatory Palestine but, as mentioned, dropped English from the list. In spite of this, official language use has maintained a de facto role for English, after Hebrew but before Arabic.
  24. ^ "About Malaysia:Language". My Government: The Government of Malaysia's Official Portal. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2013-11-09. Diakses tanggal 2016-03-20. "English remains an active second language, and serves as the medium of instruction for maths and sciences in all public schools. Malaysian English is widely used in business, along with Manglish, which is a colloquial form of English with heavy Malay, Chinese, and Tamil influences. The government discourages the misuse of Malay and has instituted fines for public signs that mix Malay and English."
  25. ^ English is a "De facto national working language, used in government." Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.). 2013. "Sri Lanka." Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Seventeenth edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Online edition: https://www.ethnologue.com/country/LK.
  26. ^ Under the constitution of 1978, Sinhala and Tamil are the official languages of Sri Lanka, but English is "the link language." "THE CONSTITUTION OF THE DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF SRI LANKA: Chapter IV". 1978. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2003-02-03. Diakses tanggal 2016-03-20.

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